本文選題：洛克　切入點：背景　出處：《西南政法大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 洛克的政治法律思想自誕生以來一直受到西方學者的廣泛關注,他的權力理論對現(xiàn)代民主政治的產(chǎn)生、發(fā)展和實踐都發(fā)揮了重要作用。我國自上世紀初開始接觸到洛克的政治學說,對他權力理論的系統(tǒng)研究則在新中國成立以后才開始,特別是社會主義法治建設的近三十多年,對洛克權力理論的研究取得了很大成果。但是由于研究起步較晚,國內文獻資料相對缺乏,較長時期過于強調階級分析方法等因素,導致研究結論中還存在著許多對洛克權力理論的誤解。本文主要采用歷史的和比較的分析方法,參閱了國內外大量相關資料,從洛克權力理論的現(xiàn)實背景和理論背景出發(fā),結合該理論在英國國內和國外的發(fā)展實踐,對洛克的權力理論進行了全面系統(tǒng)的分析,以求對洛克的權力理論有更準確和深刻的認識。同時,在我國社會主義法治建設背景下對洛克的權力理論進行思考,希望其理論中蘊含的人民主權、法律至上、權力制約等觀念能對我國法治建設事業(yè)的發(fā)展發(fā)揮積極的作用。 本文共分為六個部分: 第一部分:洛克權力理論的英國社會背景,這一部分對洛克權力理論的英國社會背景進行了介紹。由于經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,導致17世紀英國社會各個領域都發(fā)生了巨大的變化,政治生活領域以及政治領域和宗教領域之間都產(chǎn)生了日趨復雜的矛盾沖突。 第二部分:社會矛盾沖突的實質與解決模式的探索,這一部分對社會各領域矛盾沖突的實質進行了分析,對政治思想家們解決矛盾的方法進行了介紹。各種矛盾沖突的實質其實就是政治權力的斗爭,斗爭的焦點就是權力由誰擁有,如何防止權力被濫用。政治思想家們對于解決權力斗爭局面的辦法進行了思考,設計了不同的解決模式。 第三部分:洛克權力理論的核心內容,這一部分是對洛克權力理論核心內容的介紹。主要包括國家權力的起源、權力的分立與統(tǒng)屬和人民的反抗權。權力分立理論和人民反抗權理論都對后世的政治理論發(fā)展和政治實踐產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。 第四部分:洛克權力理論在其背景中的解讀,本部分是文章的重點部分,著重分析了理解洛克權力理論的關鍵問題。包括洛克思考權力理論的出發(fā)點、權力分立的必要性、關于司法權的問題、人民權力與政府權力的關系和賦予人民反抗權的原因五項內容。 第五部分:洛克權力理論的發(fā)展和實踐,這部分內容主要介紹了洛克權力理論在英國國內的發(fā)展、實踐和在其他國家,主要是在法國和美國的發(fā)展、實踐。 第六部分:洛克權力理論在我國當前法治建設背景中的意義,這一部分對洛克權力理論在我國當前社會主義法治建設背景中的意義進行了思考,主要分析了洛克權力理論中蘊含的人民主權、法律至上、權力制約思想對于我國建設社會主義法治國家的積極意義。
[Abstract]:Locke's political and legal thought has been widely concerned by western scholars since its birth, and his theory of power has brought about the emergence of modern democratic politics. Both development and practice have played an important role. Since the beginning of the last century, our country has been exposed to Locke's political theory, and the systematic study of his theory of power has only begun since the founding of New China, especially in the past 30 years of the construction of the socialist rule of law. Great achievements have been made in the study of Locke's power theory. However, due to the late start of the research, the relative lack of domestic literature and materials, the long period of time too much emphasis on class analysis methods and other factors. As a result, there are still many misunderstandings about Locke's power theory. This paper mainly uses historical and comparative analysis methods, referring to a large number of relevant data at home and abroad, starting from the realistic background and theoretical background of Locke's power theory. Combined with the development and practice of the theory in Britain and abroad, this paper makes a comprehensive and systematic analysis of Locke's power theory in order to have a more accurate and profound understanding of Locke's power theory. Under the background of the construction of socialist rule of law in our country, the author thinks about Locke's power theory and hopes that the ideas of people's sovereignty, law supreme and power restriction contained in his theory can play an active role in the development of our country's legal construction. This paper is divided into six parts:. The first part: the British social background of Locke's power theory. This part introduces the British social background of Locke's power theory. As a result of economic development, great changes have taken place in all fields of British society in the 17th century. There are increasingly complicated conflicts in the political life field and between the political field and the religious field. The second part: the essence of the social contradictions and conflicts and the exploration of the solution model, this part analyzes the essence of the contradictions and conflicts in various fields of society. This paper introduces the methods used by political thinkers to solve contradictions. The essence of all kinds of contradictions and conflicts is actually the struggle of political power, the focus of which is who owns the power. How to prevent the abuse of power. Political thinkers think about how to solve the situation of power struggle and design different solutions. The third part: the core content of Locke's power theory, this part is the introduction of Locke's power theory, including the origin of state power, The theory of separation of power and the theory of people's right of revolt have exerted great influence on the development and practice of political theory in later generations. The fourth part: the interpretation of Locke's power theory in its background. This part is the key part of the article, which focuses on the analysis of the key issues of understanding Locke's power theory, including the starting point of Locke's thinking about power theory, the necessity of power separation, On the issue of judicial power, the relationship between people's power and government power and the reasons for giving people the right to resist. The fifth part: the development and practice of Locke's power theory, which mainly introduces the development of Locke's power theory in Britain, practice and development in other countries, mainly in France and the United States. The sixth part: the significance of Locke's power theory in the background of our country's current construction of the rule of law, this part thinks about the significance of Locke's power theory in the background of our country's current socialist construction of rule of law. This paper mainly analyzes the positive significance of Locke's power theory of people's sovereignty, the supremacy of law and the restriction of power to the construction of a socialist country ruled by law.
【學位授予單位】：西南政法大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D091

【引證文獻】

相關博士學位論文 前1條

1 張愛紅;約翰·洛克的體育思想研究[D];北京體育大學;2012年

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本文編號：1696590