本文選題：公共政策執(zhí)行　切入點：公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督　出處：《湘潭大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：公共政策是各級行政機構(gòu)管理國家和社會公共事務(wù)的主要手段,公共政策的本質(zhì)是社會資源的一種再分配。公共政策的過程是一個動態(tài)的階段性過程,包括公共政策方案的制定、執(zhí)行和評估等若干邏輯階段,其中公共政策的執(zhí)行環(huán)節(jié)作為公共政策主體將政策方案付諸實施的實踐過程,是各級行政機構(gòu)公共管理活動的中心環(huán)節(jié),是實現(xiàn)政策目標(biāo)最直接、最重要的活動,從根本上決定了公共政策問題的解決、公共政策方案的實現(xiàn)及其實現(xiàn)程度和范圍。此外,在公共政策的實施過程中,由于受公共政策執(zhí)行主體自身“經(jīng)濟人”的屬性及外部執(zhí)行條件和環(huán)境等客觀因素的制約和影響,很多情況下公共政策實施的效果都難以達(dá)到預(yù)期的目標(biāo),甚至?xí)䥽?yán)重偏離既定目標(biāo)價值。為此,加強對公共政策執(zhí)行的監(jiān)督是保證公共政策順利執(zhí)行、政策目標(biāo)價值最大化、政策利益普及化及減弱政策執(zhí)行主體“經(jīng)濟人”屬性的制約所不可或缺的重要環(huán)節(jié)。 目前,公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督在政策實施過程中的地位還比較薄弱,作用還不是很明顯,但問題卻比較突出。第一,就主觀方面而言,受傳統(tǒng)官僚制思想和自身利益最大化的價值取向的影響,公共政策執(zhí)行主體的抵觸情緒還比較強烈；公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督主體和執(zhí)行主體身份基本一致,進一步削弱公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的影響力度；公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督外部主體(主要包括第三部門、利益集團、人民群眾和新聞傳媒等)監(jiān)督意識缺乏,監(jiān)督水平和能力有相當(dāng)?shù)闹饔^局限性。第二,就客觀方面而言,公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的體制機制不健全,缺乏有效的監(jiān)督渠道和途徑；公共政策執(zhí)行的績效評估體系不完善；公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的法制建設(shè)相對滯后；公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的透明度不高、宣傳力度不夠、監(jiān)督氛圍不濃。有鑒于此,為有效解決上述存在的問題,需要從公共政策監(jiān)督主體、監(jiān)督體制、法律法規(guī)、測評體系和環(huán)境建設(shè)等五個方面著手行動。 本文共分為四個部分。第一部分闡明了選題背景與意義,綜述了國內(nèi)外對公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的研究,明確了基本研究方法和研究思路。第二部分梳理了公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督相關(guān)理論的研究。第三部分解析了公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的制約因素。本部分從監(jiān)督主體、監(jiān)督制度和測評體系三個視角分析制約公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的主要因素。最后一部分從監(jiān)督主體、監(jiān)督體制、法律法規(guī)、測評體系和環(huán)境建設(shè)等五個方面探索制約公共政策執(zhí)行監(jiān)督的治理對策。
[Abstract]:Public policy is the main means for administrative organs at all levels to manage state and social public affairs. The essence of public policy is a redistribution of social resources. The process of public policy is a dynamic and phased process. It includes several logical stages, such as the formulation, implementation and evaluation of public policy programs, in which the implementation of public policies is the practical process in which the public policy programs are put into practice as the main body of public policies. It is the central link in the public management activities of administrative organs at all levels, and the most direct and important activity to achieve the policy objectives, which fundamentally determines the solution of public policy problems, the realization of public policy programs and the extent and scope of their realization. In the process of implementing public policy, it is restricted and influenced by the attribute of "economic person" of the main body of public policy implementation and the external execution condition and environment, etc. In many cases, the effect of public policy implementation is difficult to achieve the expected goal, and even seriously deviates from the established target value. Therefore, to strengthen the supervision of public policy implementation is to ensure the smooth implementation of public policy and maximize the value of policy objectives. The popularization of policy interests and the weakening of the restriction of the attribute of "economic man" as the main body of policy execution are indispensable important links. At present, the status of public policy execution and supervision in the process of policy implementation is still relatively weak, the role is not very obvious, but the problem is quite prominent. First, in terms of subjective aspects, Under the influence of the traditional bureaucratic thought and the value orientation of maximizing their own interests, the resistance of the public policy executive subject is still quite strong, and the identity of the public policy execution supervision subject and the executive main body is basically the same. To further weaken the influence of public policy implementation and supervision, and the lack of supervision consciousness of the external subjects (mainly the third sector, interest groups, the people and the news media, etc.), Secondly, objectively speaking, the institutional mechanism of public policy implementation and supervision is not perfect, lacking effective supervision channels and channels, and the performance evaluation system of public policy implementation is not perfect. The legal system construction of public policy execution and supervision is relatively lagging behind, the transparency of public policy execution supervision is not high, the propaganda is not enough, and the supervision atmosphere is not strong. In view of this, in order to solve the above problems effectively, we need to solve the problems mentioned above from the main body of public policy supervision. Supervision system, laws and regulations, evaluation system and environmental construction. This paper is divided into four parts. The first part clarifies the background and significance of the topic, summarizes the domestic and foreign research on the public policy implementation supervision. It clarifies the basic research methods and research ideas. The second part combs the research on the relevant theories of public policy implementation supervision. The third part analyzes the restrictive factors of public policy implementation supervision. This paper analyzes the main factors restricting the implementation and supervision of public policy from three perspectives: supervision system and evaluation system. The last part analyzes the main body of supervision, supervision system, laws and regulations, The evaluation system and environmental construction explore the governance countermeasures that restrict the implementation and supervision of public policy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D035

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 朱陽紅;基于農(nóng)民滿意度的我國耕地保護政策實施效果及其影響因素研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號：1635203