本文關(guān)鍵詞：明清時期太湖地區(qū)果樹種植研究　出處：《南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：明清時期是果樹種植取得顯著發(fā)展的階段,了解該時期果樹種植狀況,是社會經(jīng)濟史的一項研究內(nèi)容。太湖地區(qū)因其優(yōu)越的自然條件和社會條件,歷來就是我國果樹種植的主要區(qū)域,在全國的果樹種植結(jié)構(gòu)中占有著舉足輕重的地位,因此太湖地區(qū)果樹種植具有研究的代表性。目前對于明清時期太湖地區(qū)果樹種植的研究在學(xué)術(shù)上還缺乏專門性的研究。 明清時期,太湖地區(qū)的果樹在前代種植的基礎(chǔ)上不僅種類繁多,而且品質(zhì)也較優(yōu)異；這時期的太湖地區(qū)有楊梅、柑橘、枇杷、李、桃、梅等果樹,這些果樹在種植的過程中還形成了許多的優(yōu)良品種,比如楊梅的烏梅、水晶楊梅、荸薺梅等品種,枇杷的白沙枇杷、塘棲枇杷等品種,桃的水蜜桃等品種。 明初,柑橘種植規(guī)模逐漸擴大,從明中期開始因為頻繁的大雪凍害、市場競爭和勞動力資源的重新配置等因素,種植規(guī)模有所縮小。明清時期楊梅繁殖采用選種、分株等,方法多樣,楊梅種植經(jīng)濟效益好、市場價值高,還有抗凍屬性較柑橘好,種植地域漸有浙江會稽山和蘇州洞庭山擴展到蘇州光福鎮(zhèn)、無錫馬跡山、杭州和嘉興附近的丘陵山地。明清時期太湖地區(qū)枇杷種植不僅在種植的數(shù)量和產(chǎn)量上有了發(fā)展,隨著種植地域擴大還形成名著全國的白沙枇杷和塘棲枇杷品種。這時期的桃、李、梅等果樹種植規(guī)模都有不同程度的擴大,果樹種植區(qū)域較前代分布更加廣泛,種植面積和產(chǎn)量都獲得了較大幅度的提高。 明清時期太湖地區(qū)果樹種植的發(fā)展不只與日臻完善的果樹種植技術(shù)有關(guān),它還得益于這時期太湖地區(qū)市鎮(zhèn)的急劇發(fā)展、該地區(qū)宅園的競相建設(shè)、經(jīng)濟政策對果樹種植的鼓勵與引導(dǎo)等因素,他們對這時期果樹種植的發(fā)展有著同樣重要的促進作用。明清時期太湖地區(qū)果樹種植研究對當(dāng)前有關(guān)地區(qū)發(fā)展園藝有著現(xiàn)實借鑒意義,要以市場為導(dǎo)向優(yōu)化果樹種植結(jié)構(gòu)、加強果樹園地基礎(chǔ)配套設(shè)施建設(shè)、完善果樹種植政策扶持體系、加大優(yōu)勢品種技術(shù)支持力度,促進果樹種植的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:During the Ming and Qing Dynasties is the fruit tree planting has achieved remarkable development stage, the period of fruit planting conditions, is an important research issue in the social and economic history. The Taihu area because of its superior natural conditions and social conditions, has always been our main fruit planting area, in the fruit tree planting structure occupies a pivotal position. Therefore, the Taihu area of fruit tree planting representative research. The present study for planting fruit trees in Taihu area during the Ming and Qing Dynasties is a lack of special research in the academic.
During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Taihu area based on the previous generation of fruit trees planted on the only variety, but the quality is excellent; the period of the Taihu area with red bayberry, citrus, loquat, plum, peach, plum and other fruit trees, these trees planted in the process of forming a good many varieties, such as bayberry plum crystal, Yangmei, water chestnut and other varieties of plum, loquat loquat, Tangqi Loquat Varieties, peach peach varieties.
In the early Ming Dynasty, the citrus scale expands gradually, from the mid Ming Dynasty started because of freezing snow frequently, the re allocation of factors such as market competition and labor resources, the scale of planting has narrowed. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties by breeding bayberry selection, ramets, methods, Myrica rubra cultivation with good economic benefit and high market value, as well as antifreeze properties compared with citrus well, Zhejiang Kuaijishan planting region has gradually expanded to Suzhou and Suzhou Dongting mountain Guangfu Town, Wuxi Majishan, Hangzhou and Jiaxing near the hills. Loquat planting in Taihu area during the Ming and Qing Dynasties is not only the development in quantity and yield planting, planting area is expanded with the masterpiece is formed and Tangqi White Loquat Loquat Varieties this period of peach, plum, plum and other fruit trees planting scale have varying degrees of expansion, fruit planting area distribution is more extensive than the previous generation, planting area and output are obtained A great improvement.
The Ming and Qing Dynasties in Taihu area and planting fruit trees not only improving fruit planting technology, it also benefits the rapid development in the Taihu area during the period of the town, the garden area to build, encourage and guide the factors such as the economic policy on fruit tree planting, plays an important role in promoting them for this period of fruit trees the development of the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Planting fruit tree planting areas of Taihu on the current development of gardening area has practical significance, should be with the market oriented optimization of fruit trees planting structure, strengthen the fruit garden supporting infrastructure construction, improve the support system of fruit tree planting policy, increase the advantage of varieties of technical support, to promote the development of fruit tree planting.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：S66;K248

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