【摘要】：福建事變爆發(fā)的這一時(shí)期正處于中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨土地革命戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期,此時(shí)尚未成熟的中共難免受共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的影響較深,基本照搬照抄共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的理論和政策。福建事變前后中共實(shí)行下層統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線的政策也與共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的指導(dǎo)息息相關(guān),共產(chǎn)國(guó)際與中共臨時(shí)中央所推行的下層統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線政策使中共喪失了與福建事變的上層領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者進(jìn)行合作以打擊共同敵人的絕佳機(jī)會(huì)。然而,在福建事變具體問題的應(yīng)對(duì)上,毛澤東、周恩來、彭德懷、張聞天等人與中共駐共產(chǎn)國(guó)際代表團(tuán)以及以博古、李德為首的中共臨時(shí)中央是持不同觀點(diǎn)的,王明和博古等人受共產(chǎn)國(guó)際影響堅(jiān)持教條主義,而毛澤東等人則有著獨(dú)立自主的意識(shí)。這種獨(dú)立自主意識(shí)使得中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨內(nèi)多數(shù)人在事變失敗后開始反思統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策,為探尋抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線奠定堅(jiān)實(shí)的思想基礎(chǔ),這對(duì)中共統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策的變化有著重大而深遠(yuǎn)的影響。 本文試圖梳理福建事變前后共產(chǎn)國(guó)際和中共統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策變化的關(guān)系,展現(xiàn)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨既接受共產(chǎn)國(guó)際指導(dǎo),又勇敢抵制共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的錯(cuò)誤和沖破共產(chǎn)國(guó)際統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策束縛的過程。第一部分重點(diǎn)概述福建事變前共產(chǎn)國(guó)際與中共統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策的基本情況,分析在福建事變發(fā)生前共產(chǎn)國(guó)際的理論和統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策與中共的階級(jí)政策及統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策之間的淵源關(guān)系。第二部分詳細(xì)探討福建事變發(fā)生后共產(chǎn)國(guó)際和中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨在應(yīng)對(duì)福建事變具體問題時(shí)的不同態(tài)度,闡明中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨內(nèi)出現(xiàn)了教條化地執(zhí)行共產(chǎn)國(guó)際指示和反對(duì)教條化、有獨(dú)立自主意識(shí)的兩種不同態(tài)度。在此基礎(chǔ)上深究不同態(tài)度對(duì)中共統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線政策變化的影響。第三部分主要論述福建事變后,共產(chǎn)國(guó)際與中共開始反思所實(shí)行的統(tǒng)戰(zhàn)政策并探究此種反思對(duì)中共抗日民族統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線初步形成的影響。第四部分歸納總結(jié)福建事變前后在共產(chǎn)國(guó)際指導(dǎo)和幫助下中共統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線政策變化發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)和歷史啟示。
[Abstract]:The period of the outbreak of the Fujian Incident is in the period of the Chinese Communist Party's Agrarian Revolutionary War. At this time, the Communist Party of China, which is not yet mature, is subject to the influence of the Communist International, and the theory and policy of the Communist International are basically copied. The policy of the Communist Party of China to carry out the united front of the lower level before and after the Fujian Incident is closely related to the guidance of the Communist International, and the policy of the lower united front implemented by the Communist International and the Interim Central Committee of the Communist Party of China has lost the great opportunity to cooperate with the upper-level leaders of the Fujian Incident to fight the common enemy. However, in response to the specific problems of the Fujian Incident, Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Peng Dehuai, Zhang Wen-tian and other people have different views with the Communist International Mission of the Communist Party of China and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, led by Bogu and Li. Wang Ming and Bogu, etc., are subject to the influence of the Communist International and adhere to the dogmatism, and Mao Zedong and others have an independent consciousness. The independent consciousness of the Communist Party of China has made the majority in the Communist Party of China to begin to reflect on the policy of the united front after the incident, and to lay a solid foundation for the exploration of the united front of the Chinese Communist Party, which has a great and far-reaching influence on the change of the policy of the Communist Party of China. This paper attempts to comb the relationship between the changes of the Communist International and the Communist Party of the Communist Party of China before and after the Fujian Incident, and shows that the Chinese Communist Party not only accepts the guidance of the Communist Party, but also has the courage to resist the mistakes of the Communist International and to break through the restraint of the Communist International War Policy. The first part focuses on the basic situation of the policy of the Communist International and the Communist Party of China in the pre-event of the Fujian Incident, and analyzes the origin of the Communist International's theory and the united front policy and the Chinese Communist Party's class policy and the united front policy before the event of the Fujian Incident. The second part discusses the different attitude of the Communist International and the Communist Party of China in dealing with the specific problems of the Fujian Incident, and expounds the two different states in which the Communist International and the Chinese Communist Party have an independent consciousness. On the basis of this, the reflection on the change of the policy of the united front of the Communist Party of China In the third part, the Communist International and the Communist Party of China began to reflect on the governing policy and to explore the shadow of the preliminary formation of the national united front in the Communist Party of China after the Fujian Incident. In the fourth part, we sum up the lessons and the history of the development of the policy change of the united front in the Communist Party of China before and after the Fujian Incident.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K263

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