【摘要】：四川僻處西南內(nèi)陸,交通遲滯,風(fēng)化不開,經(jīng)濟(jì)相對(duì)其它沿海地區(qū)較為落后,也正是由于這些原因,成都的報(bào)業(yè)直到辛亥革命時(shí)期,才迎來第一個(gè)“高潮”,相較東部沿海地區(qū),報(bào)業(yè)發(fā)展較晚,五四運(yùn)動(dòng)迎來了第二個(gè)發(fā)展“高潮”,內(nèi)容也以最初的消閑娛樂等逐步向時(shí)政和思想文化方面轉(zhuǎn)變,在抗戰(zhàn)期間更為明顯,不少報(bào)紙內(nèi)遷成都,全國(guó)文化名人薈萃,報(bào)紙和文藝活動(dòng)空前繁榮。在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,四川為抗戰(zhàn)的勝利做出了巨大的貢獻(xiàn),成都報(bào)業(yè)對(duì)民眾的宣傳與鼓舞功不可沒。本文概括地?cái)⑹隽?898—1945年成都報(bào)業(yè)的生存環(huán)境、辦報(bào)條件、辦報(bào)經(jīng)費(fèi)、辦報(bào)時(shí)間、內(nèi)容變化以及報(bào)紙的政治背景等,并列舉了各時(shí)期較為重要的報(bào)紙。同時(shí)較為詳細(xì)地介紹了抗戰(zhàn)前政府對(duì)成都報(bào)業(yè)的管理,其主要包括報(bào)紙內(nèi)容的審查、頒布相關(guān)法律等。著重介紹了抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期政府對(duì)成都民營(yíng)報(bào)業(yè)、官辦報(bào)業(yè)和中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的報(bào)紙的管理。政府對(duì)民營(yíng)報(bào)業(yè)的管理方式主要有管理輿論和管理辦報(bào)人員兩項(xiàng),其中加強(qiáng)輿論管理是各時(shí)期管理者強(qiáng)調(diào)的重點(diǎn),后來把對(duì)辦報(bào)人員的管理也納入輿論管理中;管理辦法主要有定行法令、登記發(fā)證和審查稿件三項(xiàng)。此外,四川省政府專門成立了四川政聞編審委員會(huì)和四川省秘書處政聞編譯室來管理官辦報(bào)業(yè),定期發(fā)行《四川省政府公報(bào)》,向民眾展示政府的工作、資金預(yù)算等,便于民眾及時(shí)了解政府動(dòng)態(tài)。管理中共領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的報(bào)紙,除了制定法令、登記發(fā)證和審查稿件三項(xiàng),對(duì)于言論激進(jìn)的報(bào)社,還會(huì)查封報(bào)社或處罰、逮捕報(bào)社人員。最后,筆者運(yùn)用現(xiàn)代新聞傳播理論,從新聞管理的對(duì)象、原則、方法和意義四個(gè)方面,對(duì)抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期政府通過對(duì)媒體的管理,引導(dǎo)社會(huì)輿論、實(shí)施社會(huì)控制和維護(hù)政府形象的歷史事實(shí)進(jìn)行了分析�？v觀政府對(duì)報(bào)社管理,有許多經(jīng)驗(yàn)值得汲取,最重要的是正確引導(dǎo)輿論,把握輿論導(dǎo)向,掌握輿論工作的主動(dòng)權(quán),重視對(duì)社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)問題、民生問題的報(bào)道。在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)這個(gè)特殊的年代,政府引導(dǎo)下的新聞媒體的社會(huì)守望功能較弱,媒體更多的是被作為宣傳工具,而政府沒有和媒體建立起監(jiān)管與被監(jiān)管的關(guān)系,未能利用報(bào)社對(duì)社會(huì)輿論的影響,與民眾建立良好的關(guān)系,贏得民眾的支持與信任,同時(shí)國(guó)民黨的獨(dú)裁統(tǒng)治還嚴(yán)重打壓了進(jìn)步勢(shì)力的輿論宣傳工作。
[Abstract]:Because of these reasons, Chengdu's newspaper industry did not usher in its first "climax" until the Revolution of 1911. Compared with the eastern coastal areas, the newspaper industry developed later, the May 4th Movement ushered in the second "climax", and the content gradually changed to the current politics and ideology and culture with the initial leisure and entertainment. During the War of Resistance against Japan, many newspapers moved to Chengdu, a gathering of national cultural celebrities, and unprecedented prosperity of newspapers and literary and artistic activities. In the War of Resistance against Japan, Sichuan made great contributions to the victory of the War of Resistance against Japan, and Chengdu newspaper industry contributed to the propaganda and encouragement of the people. This paper briefly describes the living environment, conditions, funds, time, content change and political background of Chengdu newspaper industry from 1898 to 1945, and enumerates the more important newspapers in each period. At the same time, this paper introduces in detail the government's management of Chengdu newspaper industry before the War of Resistance against Japan, which mainly includes the examination of newspaper content, the promulgation of relevant laws and so on. This paper mainly introduces the government's management of Chengdu private newspaper industry, official newspaper industry and newspapers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China during the War of Resistance against Japan. There are two main management methods of the government to the private newspaper industry: the management of public opinion and the management of newspaper operators, among which strengthening the management of public opinion is the key point emphasized by the managers in each period, and later the management of the newspaper operators is also brought into the management of public opinion. In addition, the Sichuan provincial government has specially set up the Sichuan political News Editing and Review Committee and the Sichuan Secretariat political News compilation Office to manage the official newspaper industry, issue the Sichuan Provincial official Bulletin regularly, show the public the work of the government, funds and budgets, and so on, so that the public can keep abreast of the government's developments. In managing newspapers under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, in addition to making decrees, registering certificates and examining manuscripts, newspapers with radical statements will also be closed up or punished, and newspaper personnel will be arrested. Finally, based on the theory of modern news communication, the author analyzes the historical facts of the government through the management of the media, guiding public opinion, implementing social control and maintaining the image of the government during the War of Resistance against Japan from four aspects: the object, principle, method and significance of news management. Throughout the government's management of newspapers, there are many experiences worth learning from. The most important thing is to correctly guide public opinion, grasp the orientation of public opinion, master the initiative of public opinion work, and attach importance to reporting on hot social issues and people's livelihood issues. In the special era of the War of Resistance against Japan, the social watch function of the news media guided by the government was relatively weak, and the media was more used as a propaganda tool, but the government did not establish a relationship between supervision and supervision with the media, failed to make use of the influence of newspapers on public opinion, established good relations with the people, and won the support and trust of the people. At the same time, the dictatorship of the Kuomintang also seriously suppressed the propaganda work of the progressive forces.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：G219.29;K26

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：2506245