改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)中國(guó)公路運(yùn)輸政策演變研究（1979-）
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-02 19:00
【摘要】：交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的基礎(chǔ)性、先導(dǎo)性、服務(wù)型產(chǎn)業(yè),是維護(hù)經(jīng)濟(jì)運(yùn)行與社會(huì)正常運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)和協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展的基本條件。公路運(yùn)輸是綜合交通運(yùn)輸體系的重要組成部分,其發(fā)展水平的高低直接制約著整個(gè)交通運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)業(yè)的效率,并影響到經(jīng)濟(jì)與社會(huì)發(fā)展的速度和水平。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),在公路、鐵路、水路、民航、管道五大運(yùn)輸方式中,公路運(yùn)輸充分發(fā)揮了其他運(yùn)輸方式不可替代的作用,對(duì)推動(dòng)中國(guó)社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)發(fā)揮了重要的作用,也對(duì)提高人民群眾出行質(zhì)量、改善生活面貌做出了重要的貢獻(xiàn)。反過(guò)來(lái),經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的日新月異,也對(duì)公路運(yùn)輸供給能力及服務(wù)水平提出了越來(lái)越高的要求。公路運(yùn)輸政策作為國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的重要組成部分,為協(xié)調(diào)參與公路運(yùn)輸活動(dòng)的各個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)主體之間利益關(guān)系提供了行為準(zhǔn)則,為指導(dǎo)、規(guī)范公路運(yùn)輸業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展提供了體制機(jī)制上的保證。因此深化對(duì)公路運(yùn)輸產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的研究,不僅具有豐富的理論價(jià)值,更有深遠(yuǎn)的實(shí)踐意義。 本文將當(dāng)代公路運(yùn)輸政策的演變歷程置入中國(guó)公路運(yùn)輸發(fā)展的宏大背景下,展開(kāi)歷時(shí)性與共時(shí)性分析。全文包括緒論、第一、二、三、四、五章以及結(jié)束語(yǔ),共七部分。 緒論首先對(duì)公路運(yùn)輸、道路運(yùn)輸、道路運(yùn)政管理、公路運(yùn)輸管理、運(yùn)輸政策等概念定義及內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行了界定,然后分析了從歷史角度研究公路運(yùn)輸政策的意義,詳述了當(dāng)前理論界在公路運(yùn)輸政策方面取得的主要成果及研究不足,進(jìn)而提出研究思路,并說(shuō)明了本書(shū)創(chuàng)新之處,同時(shí)也分析了本文的不足之處及努力方向。 第一章分中華民國(guó)時(shí)期、中華人民共和國(guó)成立后至改革開(kāi)放前兩個(gè)階段,對(duì)改革開(kāi)放以前公路運(yùn)輸政策的演變進(jìn)行回顧,探討政策制定實(shí)施的經(jīng)驗(yàn)得失。 第二章介紹了初步市場(chǎng)化進(jìn)程階段(1979-1991)公路運(yùn)輸政策轉(zhuǎn)變的歷史形勢(shì),從全面放開(kāi)的市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入、運(yùn)輸企業(yè)的全而改革、積極推進(jìn)市場(chǎng)培育、市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管政策的制度化等方面詳細(xì)闡述了該階段公路運(yùn)輸政策的具體內(nèi)容、實(shí)施情況及對(duì)道路運(yùn)輸業(yè)和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)產(chǎn)生的影響,并簡(jiǎn)要分析了政策的成效及不足。 第三章介紹了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制初步建立階段(1992-2002)的公路運(yùn)輸政策制定實(shí)施的時(shí)代背景,從企業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)換經(jīng)營(yíng)機(jī)制及推行股份制改革、市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入的從嚴(yán)、以?xún)?yōu)化為中心的運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整、全方位的市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管等方面闡釋了該階段公路運(yùn)輸政策的具體內(nèi)容、實(shí)施措施,分析了上述政策對(duì)道路運(yùn)輸業(yè)乃至經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展產(chǎn)生的影響,最后簡(jiǎn)要評(píng)價(jià)了該階段政策成效。 第四章交代了市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制完善階段(2003-)公路運(yùn)輸政策調(diào)整的社會(huì)背景,然后從市場(chǎng)準(zhǔn)入退出機(jī)制的統(tǒng)籌考慮、運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)的全方位和深層次調(diào)整、市場(chǎng)監(jiān)管理念及措施的創(chuàng)新等方面論述了該階段公路運(yùn)輸政策的主要內(nèi)容、實(shí)施舉措,分析了政策的實(shí)施對(duì)道路運(yùn)輸行業(yè)和整個(gè)社會(huì)產(chǎn)生的影響,并對(duì)該階段政策實(shí)施成效做了簡(jiǎn)短歸納。 第五章歸納了改革開(kāi)放以來(lái)各類(lèi)公路運(yùn)輸政策的演變特點(diǎn),,總結(jié)了當(dāng)代公路運(yùn)輸政策制定實(shí)施的主要經(jīng)驗(yàn)和教訓(xùn),并結(jié)合行業(yè)發(fā)展實(shí)踐提出了對(duì)今后10-20年公路運(yùn)輸政策應(yīng)采取走向的一系列建議。 結(jié)束語(yǔ)部分在全面分析政策演變特點(diǎn)及實(shí)施得失的基礎(chǔ)上歸納出一系列結(jié)論：今后10-20年既是我國(guó)建成惠及十幾億人口的更高水平小康社會(huì)的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,也是建設(shè)富強(qiáng)民主文明和諧的社會(huì)主義現(xiàn)代化國(guó)家的重要階段,同時(shí)也是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)體制更加完善的時(shí)期。在市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,行業(yè)法制建設(shè)必須重視完整性、前瞻性及可操作性；在完善法制建設(shè)的基礎(chǔ)上,公路運(yùn)輸政策應(yīng)當(dāng)更加注重政策的科學(xué)性、系統(tǒng)性；道路運(yùn)輸管理中,行政、經(jīng)濟(jì)、法律三種手段相輔相成,不可偏廢；應(yīng)當(dāng)把如何實(shí)現(xiàn)運(yùn)輸結(jié)構(gòu)的科學(xué)調(diào)整作為今后政策完善的核心內(nèi)容之一；解決現(xiàn)有公路運(yùn)輸政策的不足,不僅需要道路運(yùn)輸管理部門(mén)轉(zhuǎn)變理念,更需要各級(jí)政府和交通主管部門(mén)轉(zhuǎn)變理念,統(tǒng)籌交通基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)及運(yùn)輸發(fā)展,科學(xué)構(gòu)建綜合運(yùn)輸體系,指導(dǎo)道路運(yùn)輸行業(yè)走科學(xué)發(fā)展之路。
[Abstract]:As the basic, leading and service-oriented industry of the national economy, the transportation and transportation industry is the basic condition for maintaining the normal operation and coordinated development of the economic operation and the society. Road transport is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the level of development directly restricts the efficiency of the whole transportation industry and affects the speed and the level of the economic and social development. since the reform and opening-up, the highway, railway, waterway, civil aviation and pipeline five transport modes, the road transport has fully played an irreplaceable role in other modes of transportation, has played an important role in promoting the construction of China's socialist modernization, and also improves the people's travel quality, The improvement of the living environment has made an important contribution. In turn, the economic and social development is changing with each passing day, and the demand for the supply capacity and service level of road transport is higher and higher. As an important part of the national macro-economic policy, the road transport policy provides a code of conduct for coordinating the relationship between the various economic entities involved in road transport activities, and provides an institutional mechanism for guiding and regulating the sustainable development of the road transport industry. Therefore, the study of the industrial policy of road transport not only has rich theoretical value, but also has far-reaching practical significance. In this paper, the evolution of the contemporary road transport policy is put into the grand background of the development of China's road transportation, and the diachronic and common-time division The full text includes the introduction, the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth chapter and the end language, seven parts This paper defines the concept and connotation of road transportation, road transportation, road transportation management, road transport management and transportation policy, and then analyzes the road transportation policy from the historical point of view. The significance of this paper is to give a detailed description of the main achievements and shortcomings of the current theoretical circle in the road transport policy, and then put forward the research ideas and explain the innovation of this book, and also analyze the shortcomings and the inu... Chapter 1: The first chapter is divided into two stages of the period of the Republic of China, the People's Republic of China after the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the first two stages of the reform and opening-up, and the evolution of the road transport policy before the reform and opening The second chapter introduces the historical situation of the transition of road transport policy in the course of the preliminary market process (1979-1991). The concrete contents, the implementation of the road transport policy in this stage and the impact on the road transportation and the national economy are described in detail in the aspects of the development of the market and the institutionalization of the market supervision policy, and the government is analyzed briefly. The third chapter introduces the background of the development and implementation of the road transport policy in the initial stage of the market economic system (1992-2002), from the transformation and operation mechanism of the enterprise and the implementation of the reform of the joint-stock system and the strict control of market access, so as to optimize the system. The concrete content and implementation measures of the road transport policy in this stage are explained in the aspects of the transportation structure adjustment of the center, the comprehensive market supervision and so on. The effect of the above policies on the development of the road transportation, and even the economic and social development is analyzed, and the final summary is given. The fourth chapter explains the social background of the adjustment of the road transport policy in the market economic system, and then, from the integrated consideration of the market access exit mechanism, the transport junction The main content and implementation of the road transport policy in this stage are discussed in the aspects of the comprehensive and deep adjustment of the structure, the market supervision concept and the innovation of the measures, and the influence of the implementation of the policy on the road transportation industry and the society as a whole is analyzed, and the government is in charge of this stage. The fifth chapter summarizes the characteristics of various road transport policies since the reform and opening-up, and summarizes the main experiences and lessons of the development and implementation of the current road transport policy, and puts forward the road transport for the next 10 to 20 years in the light of the practice of the industry development. The policy should take a series of suggestions. The conclusion is based on the overall analysis of the characteristics of the policy and the implementation and loss of the policy. The key period of a well-off society at a higher level in the mouth is also an important stage of building a prosperous and strong democratic and harmonious socialist modernization country, and at the same time Under the condition of market economy, the legal system of the industry must pay more attention to the integrity, the forward-looking and the operability, and on the basis of perfecting the legal system, the road transport policy should pay more attention to the scientific and systematic nature of the policy In the management of road transportation, the three means of administration, economy and law are mutually reinforcing and can't be waste; how to realize the scientific adjustment of the transport structure as one of the core contents of the future policy improvement; to solve the shortcomings of the existing road transport policy, and not It is only necessary to change the concept of the road transportation management department, and it is more necessary to change the concept of the government and the transportation department at all levels, to coordinate the construction of transportation infrastructure and transport development, and to scientifically construct the comprehensive transport system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K27;F542
本文編號(hào)：2433368
[Abstract]:As the basic, leading and service-oriented industry of the national economy, the transportation and transportation industry is the basic condition for maintaining the normal operation and coordinated development of the economic operation and the society. Road transport is an important part of the comprehensive transportation system, and the level of development directly restricts the efficiency of the whole transportation industry and affects the speed and the level of the economic and social development. since the reform and opening-up, the highway, railway, waterway, civil aviation and pipeline five transport modes, the road transport has fully played an irreplaceable role in other modes of transportation, has played an important role in promoting the construction of China's socialist modernization, and also improves the people's travel quality, The improvement of the living environment has made an important contribution. In turn, the economic and social development is changing with each passing day, and the demand for the supply capacity and service level of road transport is higher and higher. As an important part of the national macro-economic policy, the road transport policy provides a code of conduct for coordinating the relationship between the various economic entities involved in road transport activities, and provides an institutional mechanism for guiding and regulating the sustainable development of the road transport industry. Therefore, the study of the industrial policy of road transport not only has rich theoretical value, but also has far-reaching practical significance. In this paper, the evolution of the contemporary road transport policy is put into the grand background of the development of China's road transportation, and the diachronic and common-time division The full text includes the introduction, the first, the second, the third, the fourth, the fifth chapter and the end language, seven parts This paper defines the concept and connotation of road transportation, road transportation, road transportation management, road transport management and transportation policy, and then analyzes the road transportation policy from the historical point of view. The significance of this paper is to give a detailed description of the main achievements and shortcomings of the current theoretical circle in the road transport policy, and then put forward the research ideas and explain the innovation of this book, and also analyze the shortcomings and the inu... Chapter 1: The first chapter is divided into two stages of the period of the Republic of China, the People's Republic of China after the establishment of the People's Republic of China and the first two stages of the reform and opening-up, and the evolution of the road transport policy before the reform and opening The second chapter introduces the historical situation of the transition of road transport policy in the course of the preliminary market process (1979-1991). The concrete contents, the implementation of the road transport policy in this stage and the impact on the road transportation and the national economy are described in detail in the aspects of the development of the market and the institutionalization of the market supervision policy, and the government is analyzed briefly. The third chapter introduces the background of the development and implementation of the road transport policy in the initial stage of the market economic system (1992-2002), from the transformation and operation mechanism of the enterprise and the implementation of the reform of the joint-stock system and the strict control of market access, so as to optimize the system. The concrete content and implementation measures of the road transport policy in this stage are explained in the aspects of the transportation structure adjustment of the center, the comprehensive market supervision and so on. The effect of the above policies on the development of the road transportation, and even the economic and social development is analyzed, and the final summary is given. The fourth chapter explains the social background of the adjustment of the road transport policy in the market economic system, and then, from the integrated consideration of the market access exit mechanism, the transport junction The main content and implementation of the road transport policy in this stage are discussed in the aspects of the comprehensive and deep adjustment of the structure, the market supervision concept and the innovation of the measures, and the influence of the implementation of the policy on the road transportation industry and the society as a whole is analyzed, and the government is in charge of this stage. The fifth chapter summarizes the characteristics of various road transport policies since the reform and opening-up, and summarizes the main experiences and lessons of the development and implementation of the current road transport policy, and puts forward the road transport for the next 10 to 20 years in the light of the practice of the industry development. The policy should take a series of suggestions. The conclusion is based on the overall analysis of the characteristics of the policy and the implementation and loss of the policy. The key period of a well-off society at a higher level in the mouth is also an important stage of building a prosperous and strong democratic and harmonious socialist modernization country, and at the same time Under the condition of market economy, the legal system of the industry must pay more attention to the integrity, the forward-looking and the operability, and on the basis of perfecting the legal system, the road transport policy should pay more attention to the scientific and systematic nature of the policy In the management of road transportation, the three means of administration, economy and law are mutually reinforcing and can't be waste; how to realize the scientific adjustment of the transport structure as one of the core contents of the future policy improvement; to solve the shortcomings of the existing road transport policy, and not It is only necessary to change the concept of the road transportation management department, and it is more necessary to change the concept of the government and the transportation department at all levels, to coordinate the construction of transportation infrastructure and transport development, and to scientifically construct the comprehensive transport system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖南師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：K27;F542
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，本文編號(hào)：2433368
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