【摘要】：抗戰(zhàn)時(shí)期,落后的交通現(xiàn)狀與抗戰(zhàn)對(duì)運(yùn)輸需求的矛盾突出。國(guó)民政府為擺脫交通面臨的困境,實(shí)施"戰(zhàn)時(shí)驛運(yùn)"制度。在甘肅、陜西、青海、新疆設(shè)立中央驛運(yùn)干線與地方支線,充分運(yùn)用民間運(yùn)力,擔(dān)負(fù)軍公商運(yùn)輸。戰(zhàn)時(shí)西北驛運(yùn)由此發(fā)軔,有力地彌補(bǔ)了近代西北現(xiàn)代交通運(yùn)輸能力的不足,為及時(shí)補(bǔ)給前方軍公物資和調(diào)劑后方民用必需品做出重要貢獻(xiàn)。但實(shí)行過程中,驛運(yùn)存在管理體制不健全、征雇運(yùn)力困難、經(jīng)費(fèi)捉襟見肘以及運(yùn)價(jià)、力價(jià)與物價(jià)背離等問題,各驛運(yùn)機(jī)構(gòu)舉步維艱,很大程度上影響了驛運(yùn)的效能。對(duì)戰(zhàn)時(shí)西北驛運(yùn)的研究,可窺探在抗戰(zhàn)的特定環(huán)境中傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代交通運(yùn)輸方式之間的相互補(bǔ)充與調(diào)適,以及政府與民眾在驛運(yùn)運(yùn)行機(jī)制中的行為選擇,認(rèn)識(shí)到傳統(tǒng)運(yùn)輸力量在現(xiàn)代戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中所發(fā)揮的積極作用。
[Abstract]:During the Anti-Japanese War, the contradiction between the backward traffic situation and the transportation demand of the Anti-Japanese War was prominent. In order to get rid of the traffic dilemma, the national government implemented the wartime post-transportation system. In Gansu, Shaanxi, Qinghai, Xinjiang set up the central post transportation main line and local branch line, make full use of the folk transport capacity, take charge of military, public and commercial transportation. As a result, the post transportation in northwest China in wartime made up for the shortage of modern transportation capacity in modern northwest China, and made important contribution to the supply of military goods and materials in front of the front and the adjustment of civilian necessities in the rear. However, in the process of implementation, the management system of the post transportation is not perfect, the recruitment capacity is difficult, the funds are stretched, and the freight price and price deviate from the price and so on. All the post transportation organizations are very difficult, which greatly affects the efficiency of the post transportation. The research on the post transportation in the northwest of wartime can probe into the complementarity and adjustment between the traditional and modern modes of transportation in the specific environment of the Anti-Japanese War, as well as the behavior choice of the government and the people in the movement mechanism of the post transportation. Recognize the positive role of traditional transport forces in modern warfare.
【作者單位】： 陜西師范大學(xué)歷史文化學(xué)院;蘭州交通大學(xué)馬克思主義學(xué)院;
【基金】：陜西師范大學(xué)2017年中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目“新式交通與近代西北社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)研究”(2017CBY016)的階段性成果
【分類號(hào)】：K265

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