【摘要】：為了加強(qiáng)對(duì)東北農(nóng)業(yè)的殖民統(tǒng)治,日本利用“滿鐵”設(shè)立公主嶺農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)等農(nóng)業(yè)科研機(jī)構(gòu),以謀求農(nóng)業(yè)改良,從農(nóng)業(yè)上掠奪更多利益。1932年后,為發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè),扮演日本帝國(guó)主義的糧食基地這一角色,偽滿洲國(guó)又建立一批農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)。經(jīng)過(guò)1938年滿鐵附屬地行政權(quán)移交與1941年農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)的機(jī)構(gòu)改革,農(nóng)試場(chǎng)機(jī)構(gòu)建制發(fā)生了很大變化。從1906年到1945年,各處農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行了全面的農(nóng)業(yè)科研活動(dòng)。雖在農(nóng)試場(chǎng)內(nèi),試驗(yàn)機(jī)關(guān)取得豐碩成果,但是將科研成果向全東北推廣時(shí),受種種自然與社會(huì)因素限制,除了個(gè)別項(xiàng)目推廣順利外,普及推廣的效果比較差。農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)的科研活動(dòng)在客觀上對(duì)東北農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展起到一定作用,但是從整體上看,是失敗的。失敗的最主要原因在于日本對(duì)東北農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)行殖民統(tǒng)治。為滿足日本擴(kuò)大戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)對(duì)農(nóng)產(chǎn)品的需求,偽滿執(zhí)行農(nóng)業(yè)統(tǒng)制政策,靠大幅度擴(kuò)大耕地實(shí)現(xiàn)增產(chǎn),靠“糧谷出荷”與糧食配給搜刮農(nóng)業(yè)資源,嚴(yán)重破壞農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn),危害農(nóng)民生活。本文采用實(shí)證主義研究方法,運(yùn)用豐富史料和數(shù)據(jù),介紹農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)的史實(shí)與科研成果,論證農(nóng)業(yè)改良在東北地區(qū)推廣不力,揭露日本帝國(guó)主義對(duì)東北農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)行殖民統(tǒng)治的偽善本質(zhì)。第一章介紹農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)的沿革與機(jī)構(gòu)設(shè)置�！皾M鐵”時(shí)期與偽滿時(shí)期農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)具有不同的階段特征,各處農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)在業(yè)務(wù)上也呈現(xiàn)獨(dú)特性。第二章詳細(xì)介紹農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)的科研活動(dòng)及其推廣情況。主要包括品種改良、果蔬栽培、農(nóng)業(yè)化學(xué)、病蟲(chóng)害防治、農(nóng)機(jī)具引進(jìn)與改良等,說(shuō)明在農(nóng)事試驗(yàn)場(chǎng)里面科研成績(jī)良好。但農(nóng)業(yè)科研成果在全東北普及失敗,并剖析其原因。第三章揭露日本對(duì)東北進(jìn)行農(nóng)業(yè)殖民統(tǒng)治。由于日本面臨的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)形勢(shì)日益緊張,偽滿的農(nóng)業(yè)統(tǒng)制政策也隨之強(qiáng)化,掠奪更多農(nóng)業(yè)資源以支持日本的侵略戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。
[Abstract]:In order to strengthen its colonial rule over agriculture in the Northeast, Japan used "Manchuria" to set up agricultural research institutions such as the Gongzhuling Agricultural testing ground in order to seek agricultural improvement and plunder more benefits from agriculture. After 1932, in order to develop agriculture, Playing the role of Japanese imperialist grain base, pseudo-Manchukuo set up a number of agricultural test sites. After the transfer of administrative power in 1938 and the institutional reform of the farm in 1941, great changes have taken place in the organizational system of the farm. From 1906 to 1945, various agricultural test sites carried out comprehensive agricultural research activities. Although the experimental institutions have achieved fruitful results in the agricultural testing field, the results of scientific research are limited by various natural and social factors, except for individual projects, the results of popularization and popularization are relatively poor. The scientific research activities of the agricultural test site play a certain role in the development of northeast agriculture objectively, but on the whole, it is a failure. The main reason for the failure was Japan's colonial rule over northeast agriculture. In order to meet Japan's demand for agricultural products in the war, the puppet Manchu government carried out agricultural control policy, increased production by expanding cultivated land by a large margin, scoured agricultural resources by "grain and load" and grain rationing, seriously damaged agricultural production and endangered peasants' lives. This paper introduces the historical facts and scientific research results of the agricultural test site by using rich historical data and data, and proves that agricultural improvement is not popularized in Northeast China. Exposing the hypocritical nature of Japanese imperialism's colonial rule over northeast agriculture. The first chapter introduces the evolution and setup of the farm test site. During the period of Manchu Iron and pseudo Manchu, the agricultural test sites have different stage characteristics, and the various agricultural test sites are also unique in business. The second chapter introduces the research activities and popularization of the agricultural test site in detail. It mainly includes variety improvement, fruit and vegetable cultivation, agrochemistry, pest and disease control, introduction and improvement of agricultural machinery and tools, and so on. But the agricultural scientific research achievement in the whole northeast popularizes the failure, and analyzes its reason. The third chapter reveals Japan's agricultural colonial rule over Northeast China. As Japan is facing an increasingly tense war situation, the puppet Manchuria agricultural control policy is also strengthened, plundering more agricultural resources to support Japan's aggressive war.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：K265.61

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