【摘要】：中國(guó)的抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)不僅使國(guó)內(nèi)各階級(jí)、各種政治勢(shì)力聯(lián)合起來組成了共同反抗侵略者的統(tǒng)一戰(zhàn)線,還引起了全世界維護(hù)正義、擁護(hù)和平的國(guó)家和人民的極大關(guān)注。當(dāng)抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的帷幕揭開以后,曾有無數(shù)的國(guó)際友好人士,絡(luò)繹不絕地來到我們這個(gè)飽經(jīng)憂患的國(guó)度。他們中的許多人曾到中國(guó)抗戰(zhàn)的前線和后方,進(jìn)行采訪、觀察、研究,他們站在正義的立場(chǎng),以客觀的態(tài)度,忠實(shí)地記錄了自己在中國(guó)的所見所聞,特別是對(duì)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的抗日根據(jù)地進(jìn)行了全面的觀察、研究。本文的研究以抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)期間在華國(guó)際友人的中譯著作為中心,經(jīng)過對(duì)有關(guān)資料的研讀、整理,選擇以國(guó)際友人對(duì)中共抗日根據(jù)地的鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)的觀察為研究點(diǎn),以期使現(xiàn)代人能夠更全面地認(rèn)識(shí)中國(guó)共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的抗日根據(jù)地的農(nóng)村面貌。 本文的正文包括四個(gè)部分: 第一部分:記述了國(guó)際友人對(duì)抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村政治方面的觀察與評(píng)價(jià)。通過對(duì)國(guó)際友人觀察與評(píng)價(jià)的農(nóng)村的直接選舉,黨與非黨人士的民主合作兩方面進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而得出國(guó)際友人眼中抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村的政治是民主的。 第二部分:記述了國(guó)際友人對(duì)抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村經(jīng)濟(jì)方面的觀察與評(píng)價(jià)。通過對(duì)國(guó)際友人觀察與評(píng)價(jià)的中共在抗日根據(jù)地實(shí)行的三項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)改革措施的過程進(jìn)行分析,進(jìn)而得出國(guó)際友人眼中抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村的經(jīng)濟(jì)改革是一場(chǎng)靜悄悄的革命。 第三部分:記述了國(guó)際友人對(duì)抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村文化教育方面的觀察與評(píng)價(jià)。通過對(duì)國(guó)際友人觀察與評(píng)價(jià)的農(nóng)村教育方針的實(shí)施及變化過程,取之于民、用之于民的文化兩方面進(jìn)行分析,從而得出國(guó)際友人眼中抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村的文化教育是屬于人民大眾的。 第四部分:記述了國(guó)際友人對(duì)抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村社會(huì)生活方面的觀察與評(píng)價(jià)。通過對(duì)國(guó)際友人觀察與評(píng)價(jià)的抗日根據(jù)地農(nóng)村的生活衛(wèi)生條件的變化,婦女在一定程度上的解放兩方面進(jìn)行分析,從而得出國(guó)際友人眼中抗日根據(jù)地鄉(xiāng)村的社會(huì)生活是對(duì)舊有陋習(xí)的改造。
[Abstract]:China's War of Resistance against Japan not only brought together all classes and political forces in the country to form a United front against the invaders, but also aroused the great concern of countries and people all over the world who maintain justice and support peace. When the curtain of the War of Resistance against Japan was opened, countless international friendly people came to our troubled country. Many of them went to the front and rear of the Chinese War of Resistance to Japan to conduct interviews, observations and studies. They took a just stand and faithfully recorded what they had seen and heard in China with an objective attitude. In particular, the anti-Japanese base areas led by the Communist Party of China were comprehensively observed and studied. The study of this paper centers on the Chinese translations of international friends in China during the War of Resistance against Japan, through the study and collation of relevant materials, and chooses the observation of the rural society of the Chinese Communist Party's anti-Japanese base area by international friends as the research point. In order to enable modern people to more comprehensive understanding of the Communist Party of China-led anti-Japanese base areas in the countryside. The text of this paper includes four parts: the first part: it describes the observation and evaluation of the rural politics of the anti-Japanese base area by international friends. Through the analysis of the direct election of the rural areas observed and evaluated by the international friends, the democratic cooperation between the Party and the non-party personages is analyzed, and the conclusion is drawn that the politics of the countryside in the anti-Japanese base area is democratic in the eyes of the international friends. The second part describes the observation and evaluation of the rural economy in the anti-Japanese base area by international friends. Through the analysis of the process of three economic reform measures carried out by the Chinese Communist Party in the anti-Japanese base area observed and evaluated by the international friends, it is concluded that the economic reform in the countryside of the anti-Japanese base area is a quiet revolution in the eyes of the international friends. The third part describes the observation and evaluation of the rural culture and education in the anti-Japanese base area by international friends. Through the implementation and changing process of the rural education policy observed and evaluated by international friends, the author analyzes the two aspects of culture, which are adopted by the people and applied to the people. It is concluded that the cultural education in the countryside in the anti-Japanese base area belongs to the masses of the people in the eyes of international friends. The fourth part describes the observation and evaluation of the social life in the countryside in the anti-Japanese base area by international friends. Through the changes in living and sanitation conditions in the rural areas of the anti-Japanese base areas observed and evaluated by international friends, women were liberated to a certain extent. It is concluded that the social life in the countryside of the anti-Japanese base area is the transformation of the old bad habits in the eyes of the international friends.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K265

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