近代安徽農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)變遷研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-09-02 08:44
【摘要】：1840年鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)以后,安徽進(jìn)入近代社會(huì)。作為農(nóng)業(yè)重要組成部分之一的種植業(yè),在國(guó)際國(guó)內(nèi)經(jīng)濟(jì)環(huán)境發(fā)生重大變化的背景下,出現(xiàn)了許多新的因素。本文擬通過對(duì)以下四部分的論述,探究近代安徽農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)的變遷過程、動(dòng)因及其與安徽經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)發(fā)展的互動(dòng)關(guān)系。 安徽襟江帶淮,分為皖北平原、江淮丘陵和皖南山區(qū)三大自然區(qū)域；氣候溫暖濕潤(rùn),土壤肥沃,農(nóng)業(yè)自然地理環(huán)境適合農(nóng)作物的生長(zhǎng)。安徽擁有悠久的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展史,明清時(shí)代作物生產(chǎn)、農(nóng)田水利等己達(dá)到相當(dāng)水平。近代以前皖省傳統(tǒng)農(nóng)作物種植主要包括水稻、麥、棉花、茶葉、豆類、蠶桑等,整體呈現(xiàn)出糧食作物種植占主導(dǎo),經(jīng)濟(jì)作物種植開始發(fā)展的特征。 近代安徽糧食作物與經(jīng)濟(jì)作物種植變遷各有特點(diǎn)：糧食作物以水稻和麥類為主,前者是清末皖省最主要的出口農(nóng)產(chǎn)品,在種植面積和產(chǎn)量方面均占據(jù)首位；后者商品化程度提高很快,新品種的研制和推廣成就顯著。棉花、茶葉、煙草等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物發(fā)展較快,由于此類產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)價(jià)值較高,人們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)利益驅(qū)使下,樂于接受種植新品種,并主動(dòng)擴(kuò)大種植面積,這也在局部地區(qū)造成經(jīng)濟(jì)作物擠占糧食作物種植的情況。 農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)的變化是一定自然地理環(huán)境、社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)結(jié)構(gòu)、生產(chǎn)技術(shù)條件和農(nóng)民傳統(tǒng)習(xí)慣等多種因素綜合作用的產(chǎn)物。其中,農(nóng)業(yè)商品化的拉動(dòng)、近代交通運(yùn)輸業(yè)的發(fā)展以及近代手工業(yè)、工業(yè)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)原材料的需求,均是促使近代安徽農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生變化的重要因素。 種植業(yè)在農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)各部門中居基礎(chǔ)性地位。近代安徽農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)與農(nóng)村的養(yǎng)蠶業(yè)、糧油加工業(yè)、農(nóng)村金融業(yè)等非農(nóng)產(chǎn)業(yè)以及農(nóng)民的飲食結(jié)構(gòu)、收入等方面關(guān)系密切。農(nóng)作物規(guī)�；�、區(qū)域化種植,帶動(dòng)地區(qū)間農(nóng)業(yè)商品貿(mào)易的發(fā)展,繁榮的市場(chǎng)貿(mào)易使得近代安徽形成了江淮地區(qū)的糧油貿(mào)易、皖西皖南地區(qū)的茶葉貿(mào)易和皖北地區(qū)煙草等經(jīng)濟(jì)作物貿(mào)易為主的三大農(nóng)村集市、城鎮(zhèn)集中分布區(qū)。
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, Anhui entered the modern society. As one of the important parts of agriculture, many new factors have emerged in the background of great changes in the international and domestic economic environment. In this paper, the following four parts of the discussion, to explore the modern Anhui agricultural planting structure of the vicissitude process, motivation and the interaction with the economic and social development of Anhui. There are three natural regions in Anhui Province, I. e. Northern Anhui Plain, Jianghuai Hilly area and Southern Anhui Mountain area. The climate is warm and humid, the soil is fertile, and the agricultural natural geographical environment is suitable for the growth of crops. Anhui has a long history of agricultural development, the Ming and Qing dynasties crop production, irrigation and water has reached a considerable level. Before modern times, traditional crops in Anhui Province mainly included rice, wheat, cotton, tea, beans, sericulture and so on. In modern Anhui Province, grain crops and cash crops had their own characteristics: Rice and wheat were the main crops, the former was the most important agricultural product of Anhui Province in the end of Qing Dynasty, and occupied the first place in planting area and yield. The degree of commercialization of the latter quickly increased, the development and promotion of new varieties of remarkable achievements. Cash crops such as cotton, tea and tobacco are developing faster. Because of the high market value of such products, people are willing to accept the planting of new varieties and take the initiative to expand the planting area, driven by economic benefits. This also causes cash crops to run out of food crops in some areas. The change of agricultural planting structure is the result of many factors, such as natural geographical environment, social and economic structure, production technical conditions and farmers' traditional habits and so on. Among them, the promotion of agricultural commercialization, the development of modern transportation industry and the demand of modern handicraft industry for agricultural raw materials are the important factors to promote the change of agricultural planting structure in modern Anhui. Planting plays a fundamental role in all sectors of agricultural production. The structure of agricultural planting in modern Anhui is closely related to the sericulture industry, grain and oil processing industry, rural financial industry and other non-agricultural industries, as well as the diet structure and income of farmers. The large-scale and regionalized cultivation of crops led to the development of inter-regional agricultural commodity trade. The prosperous market trade led to the formation of grain and oil trade in the Jianghuai region in modern Anhui. There are three rural bazaars in the west and south of Anhui province, and the distribution areas of towns and cities are mainly the trade of tobacco and other cash crops in the north of Anhui province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：F329;K25
本文編號(hào)：2218841
[Abstract]:After the Opium War of 1840, Anhui entered the modern society. As one of the important parts of agriculture, many new factors have emerged in the background of great changes in the international and domestic economic environment. In this paper, the following four parts of the discussion, to explore the modern Anhui agricultural planting structure of the vicissitude process, motivation and the interaction with the economic and social development of Anhui. There are three natural regions in Anhui Province, I. e. Northern Anhui Plain, Jianghuai Hilly area and Southern Anhui Mountain area. The climate is warm and humid, the soil is fertile, and the agricultural natural geographical environment is suitable for the growth of crops. Anhui has a long history of agricultural development, the Ming and Qing dynasties crop production, irrigation and water has reached a considerable level. Before modern times, traditional crops in Anhui Province mainly included rice, wheat, cotton, tea, beans, sericulture and so on. In modern Anhui Province, grain crops and cash crops had their own characteristics: Rice and wheat were the main crops, the former was the most important agricultural product of Anhui Province in the end of Qing Dynasty, and occupied the first place in planting area and yield. The degree of commercialization of the latter quickly increased, the development and promotion of new varieties of remarkable achievements. Cash crops such as cotton, tea and tobacco are developing faster. Because of the high market value of such products, people are willing to accept the planting of new varieties and take the initiative to expand the planting area, driven by economic benefits. This also causes cash crops to run out of food crops in some areas. The change of agricultural planting structure is the result of many factors, such as natural geographical environment, social and economic structure, production technical conditions and farmers' traditional habits and so on. Among them, the promotion of agricultural commercialization, the development of modern transportation industry and the demand of modern handicraft industry for agricultural raw materials are the important factors to promote the change of agricultural planting structure in modern Anhui. Planting plays a fundamental role in all sectors of agricultural production. The structure of agricultural planting in modern Anhui is closely related to the sericulture industry, grain and oil processing industry, rural financial industry and other non-agricultural industries, as well as the diet structure and income of farmers. The large-scale and regionalized cultivation of crops led to the development of inter-regional agricultural commodity trade. The prosperous market trade led to the formation of grain and oil trade in the Jianghuai region in modern Anhui. There are three rural bazaars in the west and south of Anhui province, and the distribution areas of towns and cities are mainly the trade of tobacco and other cash crops in the north of Anhui province.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：F329;K25
【引證文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條
1 烏瑋琪;農(nóng)業(yè)種植結(jié)構(gòu)變化及其效果評(píng)價(jià)研究[D];內(nèi)蒙古農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué);2012年
，本文編號(hào)：2218841
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