發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-08-26 07:35

【摘要】：沈葆楨作為晚清重臣，對(duì)中國晚清社會(huì)的內(nèi)政外交都產(chǎn)生過重大影響。他雖不是晚清外交的靈魂人物，也未能形成一套完整的外交理論體系，但其外交思想與外交實(shí)踐卻是晚清外交的重要組成部分。本文擬就沈葆楨外交思想形成的淵源、主要內(nèi)容作一初步探討，并對(duì)其外交思想與實(shí)踐活動(dòng)作一扼要評(píng)述。 首先，，探討了沈葆楨外交思想形成的淵源。從家庭教育的熏陶和傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)世愛國觀念的影響兩方面來展開。 其次，闡述了沈葆楨外交思想與實(shí)踐的主要內(nèi)容。主要包括三個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容：其一：“權(quán)自我操”，維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和民族利益。這主要體現(xiàn)在他與英法斗爭，維護(hù)船政主權(quán)；對(duì)日交涉，保護(hù)臺(tái)灣；與英交涉，保護(hù)鐵路主權(quán)等涉外活動(dòng)中。其二：不妥協(xié)，不遷就，維護(hù)現(xiàn)存利益。這從他妥善平息教案、識(shí)破西班牙訛詐陰謀等處理涉外事件中得到了充分體現(xiàn)。其三：增強(qiáng)國力，為外交提供堅(jiān)強(qiáng)后盾。這主要體現(xiàn)為他主張積極引進(jìn)外國先進(jìn)技術(shù)、雇傭洋員、發(fā)展近代軍事企業(yè)；創(chuàng)辦學(xué)堂、派遣留學(xué)生、培養(yǎng)海軍人才；開發(fā)臺(tái)灣、加強(qiáng)內(nèi)政、防御外敵等方面。 再次，對(duì)沈葆楨的外交思想及外交實(shí)踐進(jìn)行了簡要評(píng)述。沈葆楨的外交實(shí)踐活動(dòng)在維護(hù)國家主權(quán)和民族利益、推動(dòng)中國外交近代化的進(jìn)程、拓展和豐富清朝政府對(duì)外交涉的經(jīng)驗(yàn)等方面都作出了積極貢獻(xiàn)。但他仍未能跳出封建意識(shí)的窠臼和傳統(tǒng)外交思想的束縛，故而不可避免地存在著某些局限性，具有守舊和不成熟的一面。
[Abstract]:Shen Baozhen, as an important minister in the late Qing Dynasty, exerted a great influence on the internal affairs and diplomacy of the late Qing Dynasty. Although he was not the soul of the diplomacy in the late Qing Dynasty, he failed to form a complete diplomatic theory system, his diplomatic thought and practice were an important part of the diplomacy in the late Qing Dynasty. The main contents are discussed briefly, and its diplomatic thoughts and practical activities are briefly reviewed.
Firstly, the paper discusses the origin of Shen Baozhen's diplomatic thought, which is based on the influence of family education and traditional patriotism.
Secondly, it expounds the main contents of Shen Baozhen's diplomatic thought and practice, mainly including three aspects: first, self-control of power, safeguarding national sovereignty and national interests. Second: not compromise, not compromise, to safeguard the existing interests. This is from his properly calming the religious case, to see through the Spanish blackmail conspiracy and other foreign-related incidents have been fully reflected. Third: to strengthen national strength, to provide a strong backing for diplomacy. This is mainly reflected in his advocacy of actively introducing foreign advanced technology, employing foreign personnel, the development of modern military enterprises; Run schools, send overseas students, train naval personnel, develop Taiwan, strengthen internal affairs and defend foreign enemies.
Thirdly, Shen Baozhen's diplomatic thought and practice are briefly reviewed. Shen Baozhen's diplomatic practice has made positive contributions to safeguarding national sovereignty and national interests, promoting the process of China's diplomatic modernization, expanding and enriching the Qing government's diplomatic experience. But he still can not get out of the feudal consciousness. As a result of the restriction of traditional diplomatic thoughts, there are inevitably some limitations, which are conservative and immature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：K256

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