本文選題：華中抗日根據(jù)地 + 冬學(xué)運動��； 參考：《揚州大學(xué)》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】： 抗戰(zhàn)爆發(fā)后,中國共產(chǎn)黨提出了動員全國軍民開展民族解放戰(zhàn)爭,實行全面抗戰(zhàn)的路線。然而,我國農(nóng)村民眾文化素質(zhì)的普遍低下與全面抗戰(zhàn)的需求形成矛盾,這尤其表現(xiàn)在中國共產(chǎn)黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的廣大敵后抗日根據(jù)地。為充分動員廣大民眾投入抗日洪流,鞏固抗日根據(jù)地,爭取抗日戰(zhàn)爭的最后勝利,對抗日根據(jù)地的民眾進(jìn)行社會教育,提高他們的政治覺悟和文化素質(zhì)尤為必要。 冬學(xué),作為利用冬季農(nóng)閑時間為廣大民眾實施的一種補(bǔ)習(xí)教育形式,因其適應(yīng)了抗戰(zhàn)教育的要求及農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和農(nóng)村生活的特點而在抗戰(zhàn)時期迅速發(fā)展,成為各抗日根據(jù)地社會教育中最大量、最經(jīng)常、最有效的方式�？箲�(zhàn)前中國共產(chǎn)黨關(guān)于民眾教育的理論與實踐,為日后抗日根據(jù)地大規(guī)模開展冬學(xué)運動提供了理論和實踐的準(zhǔn)備。華中抗日根據(jù)地在借鑒其它根據(jù)地開展冬學(xué)運動經(jīng)驗的基礎(chǔ)上,結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)氐膶嶋H情況,使冬學(xué)運動開展的有聲有色,其發(fā)展大致經(jīng)歷了起步、發(fā)展、繁榮三個階段。根據(jù)地冬學(xué)采用了靈活多樣的教學(xué)形式,各級地方政府高度重視冬學(xué)工作,在冬學(xué)教材、教學(xué)內(nèi)容、冬學(xué)教師的選拔與培訓(xùn)、冬學(xué)經(jīng)費及教學(xué)設(shè)備等方面都做了大量細(xì)致工作,有力推動了冬學(xué)運動的發(fā)展。 華中抗日根據(jù)地冬學(xué)運動歷史作用主要在于:改造傳統(tǒng)社會文化和社會心理,推動民眾的政治覺醒,提高他們的文化水平,激發(fā)他們的抗戰(zhàn)愛國意識和民主意識,使根據(jù)地農(nóng)民的現(xiàn)代性得到極大提升;在華中各根據(jù)地抗日民主政權(quán)的施政過程中,冬學(xué)運動作為發(fā)動群眾抗日和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)農(nóng)村革命的重要手段之一,有效鍛煉和提高了黨在局部地區(qū)的執(zhí)政能力;立足當(dāng)時的抗日實際,植根于群眾生產(chǎn)生活實際,采用老百姓喜聞樂見的形式,在堅持實現(xiàn)馬克思主義中國化的同時,始終致力于馬克思主義的大眾化,取得了較好的效果。 華中地區(qū)冬學(xué)運動的成功開展離不開根據(jù)地領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的高度重視和有力的宣傳組織工作,同時根據(jù)地結(jié)合當(dāng)?shù)貙嶋H情況有針對性的開展工作,逐漸探索出有地方特色的冬學(xué)形式。當(dāng)然,冬學(xué)運動也存在著作為戰(zhàn)時體制下開展起來的社會教育又不可避免地存在以下不足:學(xué)習(xí)的有用性強(qiáng)調(diào)得不夠;過分強(qiáng)調(diào)了階級教育和時政教育,忽視了教育的全面性;計劃不夠周密,工作重點的不夠突出。這些不足不可避免地在一定程度上影響了冬學(xué)的質(zhì)量和效果,值得總結(jié)和思考。
[Abstract]:After the outbreak of the War of Resistance against Japan, the Communist Party of China put forward the line of mobilizing the army and the people throughout the country to carry out the war of national liberation and carry out the comprehensive war of resistance. However, the general low cultural quality of the rural people in our country is in contradiction with the demand of the total anti-Japanese war, especially in the vast anti-Japanese base areas behind the enemy lines led by the Communist Party of China. In order to fully mobilize the masses to participate in the anti-Japanese flood, consolidate the anti-Japanese base areas, and strive for the final victory of the Anti-Japanese War, it is particularly necessary to carry out social education for the people in the anti-Japanese base areas and to improve their political consciousness and cultural quality. Winter study, as a form of tutoring education carried out for the general public by using the agricultural leisure time in winter, developed rapidly during the War of Resistance against Japan because of its adaptation to the requirements of education in the War of Resistance against Japan and the characteristics of agricultural production and rural life. To become the largest, most frequent, and most effective way of social education in the anti-Japanese base areas. The theory and practice of the Chinese Communist Party on mass education before the Anti-Japanese War provided theoretical and practical preparation for the large-scale development of the winter study movement in the anti-Japanese base areas in the future. On the basis of drawing lessons from the experience of other places to carry out winter study movement and combining with the actual situation in central China's anti-Japanese base area, the development of winter study movement has generally experienced three stages: start, development and prosperity. The local governments at all levels attach great importance to the study of winter, and have done a great deal of meticulous work in the fields of teaching materials, teaching contents, selection and training of winter study teachers, funds for winter studies and teaching equipment, etc. The development of the winter study movement was promoted by the strong force. The historical function of the winter study movement in Central China's anti-Japanese base area mainly lies in: reforming the traditional social culture and social psychology, promoting the people's political awakening, raising their cultural level, arousing their patriotic consciousness and democratic consciousness in the War of Resistance against Japan. The modernity of the peasants in the base areas has been greatly enhanced. In the administration of the anti-Japanese democratic regime in various base areas in Central China, the Winter study Movement was one of the important means of arousing the masses' resistance to Japan and leading the rural revolution. It has effectively exercised and improved the Party's ability to govern in local areas, based on the actual situation of resistance against Japan at that time, rooted in the reality of mass production and life, adopted a form popular with the common people, and insisted on realizing the Sinicization of Marxism at the same time. Always committed to the popularization of Marxism, has achieved better results. The successful development of the winter study movement in central China can not be separated from the high attention of the leaders of the base area and the strong propaganda and organization work, and at the same time, according to the actual situation of the local area, it can be carried out pertinently, and gradually explore the winter study form with local characteristics. Of course, the winter study movement also has the following shortcomings: the usefulness of learning is not emphasized enough, the education of class and current politics is overemphasized, and the comprehensiveness of education is neglected. The plan is not well planned and the focus of work is not strong enough. These deficiencies inevitably affect the quality and effect of winter study to some extent, and are worth summing up and thinking.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：揚州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：K269.5

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 胡艷平;山西省掃盲運動研究（1950-1956）[D];山西師范大學(xué);2013年

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本文編號：2052421