本文選題：建國初期 + 中國共產(chǎn)黨��； 參考：《江蘇大學》2010年碩士論文

【摘要】：馬克思主義認為,“科學技術是生產(chǎn)力,是推動人類文明進步的有力杠桿。”中國共產(chǎn)黨自成立之日起,始終以馬克思主義科技思想為指導,積極發(fā)展中國的科學技術事業(yè)。本文以1949年-1956年為研究時段,全面分析了建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨發(fā)展科技事業(yè)的歷史背景、現(xiàn)實原因、主要戰(zhàn)略思想以及具體實踐活動,系統(tǒng)總結了建國初期我國發(fā)展科技事業(yè)的主要特點,并指出對當今中國科技政策制定和實踐活動的借鑒作用。 新中國建立之初,中國共產(chǎn)黨面對的是民生凋敝,滿目瘡痍的局面。如何發(fā)展中國的科技事業(yè)是擺在中國共產(chǎn)黨人面前的艱難課題。以毛澤東為核心的中共第一代領導集體迎難而上,就這一課題進行了艱辛的探索,從中國的具體國情出發(fā),明確了科技為國家建設服務、為人民大眾服務的總方針,團結、改造和培養(yǎng)了一大批科技人才,提出了“向科學進軍”的口號,制訂了第一個科技遠景規(guī)劃,并有力組織實施,把科技發(fā)展同國家工業(yè)、農業(yè)、國防、軍事等領域的建設緊密結合起來,取得了一系列科技成果,出現(xiàn)了新中國科技發(fā)展史上的第一個“黃金時期”。建國初期是中國共產(chǎn)黨科技政策的奠基期,這一時期的科技觀、科技方針政策及科技實踐為新中國成立60年來的科技發(fā)展歷程奠定了堅實和良好的基礎,對當代中國科技事業(yè)的發(fā)展以及新時期我國科技水平全面提升和進入世界先進行列具有十分重大的借鑒意義。 本文共分三個部分： 第一部分,闡述了建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨科技思想和實踐的歷史背景,主要從理論基礎、實踐基礎、內在因素和外部條件等四個方面來分析。 第二部分,論述了建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨科技思想和實踐的主要內容,這是本文的重點。中國共產(chǎn)黨為了早日實現(xiàn)科技現(xiàn)代化的發(fā)展目標,從我國實際出發(fā),提出了“人民科學觀”、“向科學進軍”、“重點發(fā)展,迎頭趕上”、“百家爭鳴,百花齊放”和“自力更生為主,爭取外援為輔”等科技發(fā)展思想。以這些科技思想為指導,中國共產(chǎn)黨組織實施了一系列科技實踐活動,本文嘗試性勾勒出六個方面：開展自然科學普及活動、成立中國科學院并初步建立國家新科技體制、結合國家建設實際開展科學研究、團結和培養(yǎng)科技人才、建立國家規(guī)劃科學模式和重視學習外國先進科學技術。 第三部分,總結了建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨科技思想和實踐活動的主要特點,提出了建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨科技思想和實踐活動對當今科技事業(yè)發(fā)展的借鑒意義。 總之,本文試圖從宏觀上、整體上把握建國初期中國共產(chǎn)黨的科技思想和科技實踐活動,力求比較客觀地對其進行分析和評價,總結其得失,為當今中國科技現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展提供理論借鑒和實踐經(jīng)驗。
[Abstract]:Marxism believes that "science and technology are productive forces and a powerful lever to promote the progress of human civilization." Since its founding, the Communist Party of China has always been guided by Marxist thought of science and technology to actively develop China's scientific and technological undertakings. Taking 1949-1956 as the research period, this paper comprehensively analyzes the historical background, realistic reasons, main strategic thoughts and concrete practical activities of the CPC's development of science and technology in the early years of the founding of the people's Republic of China. This paper systematically summarizes the main characteristics of the development of science and technology in our country in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and points out the reference function for the formulation and practice of science and technology policy in China. At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Communist Party of China was faced with a situation of desolation and devastation. How to develop China's science and technology is a difficult task for the Chinese Communists. The first generation of leading collectives of the Communist Party of China (Mao Zedong), with the core of Mao Zedong as the core, has made arduous explorations on this subject. Proceeding from China's specific national conditions, it has made clear the general policy of science and technology to serve national construction and serve the masses of the people. We have transformed and trained a large number of scientific and technological personnel, put forward the slogan of "advancing into science", formulated the first long-term plan for science and technology, and have the ability to organize and implement the development of science and technology together with national industry, agriculture and national defense. The construction of military and other fields has been closely combined, and a series of scientific and technological achievements have been achieved, and the first "golden period" appeared in the history of the development of science and technology in New China. The early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China were the foundation period of the scientific and technological policy of the Communist Party of China. During this period, the scientific and technological views, principles, policies and practice of science and technology laid a solid and good foundation for the development of science and technology in the 60 years since the founding of New China. It is of great significance for the development of contemporary Chinese science and technology and the promotion of our country's scientific and technological level in the new period and the entry into the advanced ranks of the world. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part expounds the historical background of the scientific and technological thought and practice of the Communist Party of China in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, mainly from four aspects: the theoretical basis, the practical basis, the internal factors and the external conditions. The second part discusses the main contents of the scientific and technological thought and practice of the Communist Party of China in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, which is the focus of this paper. In order to realize the development goal of science and technology modernization at an early date, the Communist Party of China, proceeding from the reality of our country, put forward the "people's view of science", "march towards science", "focus on development, catch up with each other", and "a hundred schools of thought contend," A hundred flowers bloom "and" self-reliance, foreign aid, and other scientific and technological development ideas. Guided by these scientific and technological ideas, the Communist Party of China has carried out a series of scientific and technological practice activities. This paper attempts to outline six aspects: popularizing the natural sciences, establishing the Chinese Academy of Sciences, and initially establishing a new national science and technology system. Scientific research should be carried out in combination with the actual construction of the country, scientific and technological personnel should be United and trained, a scientific model of state planning should be established and foreign advanced science and technology should be studied. The third part summarizes the main characteristics of the scientific and technological thoughts and practical activities of the Communist Party of China in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China, and puts forward the reference significance of the scientific and technological thoughts and practical activities of the Communist Party of China to the development of the scientific and technological undertakings in the In a word, this paper tries to grasp the scientific and technological thoughts and practice activities of the Communist Party of China at the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China from a macro perspective, and tries to analyze and evaluate them objectively and sum up their gains and losses. To provide theoretical reference and practical experience for the development of modern science and technology in China.
【學位授予單位】：江蘇大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：G322.9;K27

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本文編號：1976625