本文選題：宣傳畫 + 大躍進(jìn)　； 參考：《南開大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：20世紀(jì)初,宣傳畫作為一種藝術(shù)形式開始在中國流行。近代中國社會(huì)民族革命勃興的特征,使宣傳畫在發(fā)展過程中被更多地注入政治色彩,并逐漸成為政治宣傳的有效方式。1949年中華人民共和國成立后,中共為鞏固政權(quán),非常注重通過政治宣傳來加強(qiáng)意識(shí)形態(tài)教育,宣傳畫作為其關(guān)鍵手段之一,從一個(gè)重要側(cè)面呈現(xiàn)出中共推進(jìn)政治社會(huì)化進(jìn)程的特征。在經(jīng)過對(duì)中國民族民間藝術(shù)的改造并吸收蘇聯(lián)宣傳畫的藝術(shù)特征,同時(shí)被“藝術(shù)為政治服務(wù)”的觀念全面滲透后,宣傳畫在“大躍進(jìn)”時(shí)期達(dá)到發(fā)展高潮。中共的“躍進(jìn)”政策及其領(lǐng)導(dǎo)的一系列政治運(yùn)動(dòng)在這一時(shí)期的宣傳畫中都有極為夸張的表達(dá),以中共意識(shí)形態(tài)為核心內(nèi)容的政治文化通過這一通俗、簡(jiǎn)易、直觀的視覺形式逐步滲入人們思想觀念。與此同時(shí),人們的審美觀及價(jià)值觀受到宣傳畫中造型設(shè)計(jì)及表達(dá)形式的強(qiáng)烈引導(dǎo),思維及行為方式逐漸政治化。宣傳畫的創(chuàng)作理論及模式也在“大躍進(jìn)”時(shí)期基本定型,并通過群眾運(yùn)動(dòng)的方式在政治社會(huì)化過程中得到成功運(yùn)用,且不斷侵蝕到美術(shù)甚至其他藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域,是藝術(shù)政治化的集中體現(xiàn)。 隨著政治運(yùn)動(dòng)勢(shì)頭的消退,宣傳畫迅速淡出歷史,其藝術(shù)發(fā)展歷程較其他藝術(shù)形式而言相對(duì)短暫,又因過度的政治色彩使其在藝術(shù)領(lǐng)域中身份尷尬。但對(duì)于中共的意識(shí)形態(tài)教育和政治宣傳來說,它是非常重要的一部分,“大躍進(jìn)”中其展現(xiàn)的內(nèi)容和帶來的社會(huì)效果是不可忽視的。宣傳畫的構(gòu)圖及形象塑造昭示出中共重塑意識(shí)形態(tài)的政治符號(hào)、重新進(jìn)行身份認(rèn)定,并以階級(jí)分析的方法改寫“人民大眾”含義的政治意圖；宣傳畫創(chuàng)作的大眾化則展示了中共運(yùn)用群眾運(yùn)動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)政治社會(huì)化的過程,其賦予民眾以主人翁的使命感、責(zé)任感,民眾的政治行為逐漸從對(duì)政策的敷衍轉(zhuǎn)化為自身的自覺行動(dòng)。由此可理解,“大躍進(jìn)”中民眾的盲目一致行為離不開體制性因素帶來的思維及行為方式變異。中共在利用宣傳畫推進(jìn)政治化的過程中,同其運(yùn)用的其它方式一樣超出了合理限度,致使當(dāng)代中國政治社會(huì)化進(jìn)程走向激進(jìn),中國民眾也在相當(dāng)長一段時(shí)期內(nèi)保持著過度的政治熱情。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 20 th century, posters became popular in China as an art form. The characteristics of the flourishing national revolution in modern Chinese society made propaganda paintings more political in their development, and gradually became an effective way of political propaganda. After the founding of the people's Republic of China in 1949, the Communist Party of China tried to consolidate political power. Great attention has been paid to strengthening ideological education through political propaganda. As one of its key means, posters show the characteristics of the CPC in promoting the process of political socialization from an important aspect. After transforming Chinese national folk art and absorbing the artistic characteristics of Soviet propaganda painting, and being fully infiltrated by the concept of "art for politics", the propaganda painting reached the climax of development in the period of "Great Leap forward". The "leap forward" policy of the Communist Party of China and a series of political movements led by it were all exaggerated in the propaganda paintings of this period. The political culture with the ideology of the Communist Party as its core was adopted in this popular and simple way. Visual form of visual infiltration of people's ideas. At the same time, people's aesthetic and values are strongly guided by the styling design and expression in posters, and their thinking and behavior are gradually politicized. The creative theories and models of posters were basically shaped during the "Great Leap forward" period, and they were successfully applied in the process of political socialization through mass movement, and continued to erode art and even other artistic fields. It is the concentrated embodiment of art politicization. With the decline of the momentum of political movement, posters fade out of history quickly, its art development process is relatively short than other art forms, but also because of excessive political color in the field of art identity embarrassment. However, it is a very important part of the ideological education and political propaganda of the Communist Party of China. The contents and social effects of the Great Leap forward can not be ignored. The composition and image of the poster show the political symbol of remolding ideology of the Communist Party of China, reconfirm the identity, and rewrite the political intention of the meaning of "the masses of the people" by the method of class analysis. The popularization of posters shows the process of realizing political socialization by mass movement, which endows the people with a sense of mission, responsibility and political behavior of the masses gradually from perfunctory to self-conscious action. It can be understood that the blind consistent behavior of the people in the Great Leap forward can not be separated from the variation of thinking and behavior caused by institutional factors. In the process of using posters to promote politicization, the CPC, like the other ways it used, exceeded the reasonable limit, leading to the radicalization of the process of political socialization in contemporary China. Chinese people have also maintained excessive political enthusiasm for quite a long time.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南開大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K27

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