本文選題：孫中山 + 越南華僑��； 參考：《南京大學(xué)》2011年博士論文

【摘要】：越南是一個華僑華人較多的國家。進入越南的中國移民,與中國一直保持著千絲萬縷的聯(lián)系。自古以來,越南就和中國關(guān)系密切,深受中國儒家文化影響。對于越南華僑華人群體而言,目前學(xué)界關(guān)于越南華僑的研究,習(xí)慣于把它從越南政體歷史中分割出來。如他們對越南各個時期華人政策的論述頗為詳盡,分析也頗具深度,但卻普遍缺乏宏觀視角和理論探討。越南學(xué)者主要傾向于從越南社會經(jīng)濟發(fā)展角度探討華人經(jīng)濟的地位,以及華人族群與當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣年P(guān)系等問題,但迄今為止,似未曾有越南華僑與辛亥革命之間關(guān)系研究的專門論著問世。因此,對于越南華僑與辛亥革命之間關(guān)系的研究,是一個有待開發(fā)的新課題。在本文當(dāng)中,我們將努力站在越南華僑立場上,把越南華僑作為研究對象,全面深入地研究越南華僑與辛亥革命的相互關(guān)系問題。在系統(tǒng)梳理辛亥革命時期越南華僑思想演變脈絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)上,擬嘗試從宏觀層面對辛亥革命過程中的一些關(guān)鍵問題,如越中關(guān)系、越南華僑以及越南人民與孫中山之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系等問題進行探討,以期對越南華人研究有所補益。同時冀望進行越南華僑與辛亥革命關(guān)系的專題研究,以增強越南華僑史和辛亥革命史研究的薄弱環(huán)節(jié)。本文運用歷史學(xué)的理論與方法,以文獻分析和實證分析為基礎(chǔ),適度運用國際關(guān)系、外交學(xué)理論與方法,對中、法、越的三邊關(guān)系展開詮釋,構(gòu)建越南華僑與辛亥革命關(guān)系之真實歷史場景,以對此進行一定深度的學(xué)理探討與深刻思考。 本文研究的主要內(nèi)容是： 一是,依據(jù)前人研究成果,進一步補充新材料,介紹在辛亥革命之前,特別是法國統(tǒng)治越南時期,越南華僑的基本情況、社會地位和對越南經(jīng)濟、社會的貢獻。從分析華僑移居越南的歷史背景、原因、華僑構(gòu)成、華僑華人對越南社會經(jīng)濟文化的貢獻、越南當(dāng)?shù)卣畬θA僑華人的政策等方面入手,論述辛亥革命前越南的華僑華人社會,探討辛亥革命之前對越南華人政策演變的脈絡(luò),并擬嘗試從宏觀上對演變過程中的一些關(guān)鍵問題做出歷史性透視,進而對越中關(guān)系、越南人民以及越南華僑本地化進程與華人政策之間的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系進行探討。 二是,根據(jù)豐富的中文、越文、法文文獻資料,尤其是越南檔案館的原始文獻,試圖運用歷史學(xué)的理論與方法,對中、法、越的三邊關(guān)系開展實證分析,為主題論證提供一個客觀環(huán)境,藉以深刻考察辛亥革命前孫中山與越南華僑的關(guān)系,并重建越南華僑和孫中山、同盟會之間互動關(guān)系的主要史實。孫中山長期在越南華僑中開展革命活動,啟迪越南華僑的革命覺悟,增進越南華僑的愛國凝聚力,為提升越南華僑在近代民主革命史上的地位作出了極大努力。廣大越南華僑志士由愛國走向革命,追隨孫中山進行革命,多方位支持孫氏的革命救國斗爭。研究辛亥革命前孫中山在國內(nèi)活動對越南華僑影響這一問題,不僅可以豐富我們對孫中山革命思想和革命活動的認(rèn)識,還能深刻了解孫中山在與越南華僑接觸和交往過程中雙方的互動關(guān)系。這種互動關(guān)系主要表現(xiàn)在：孫中山以自己鮮明的個性和魅力,喚起了越南華僑的民族愛國主義意識,調(diào)動了廣大愛國華僑的革命積極性,為“華僑是中國革命之母”提供了令人嘆服的歷史見證。而越南華僑革命態(tài)度的轉(zhuǎn)變、思想覺悟的提高,以及對孫中山革命事業(yè)的積極支持,使得孫中山從中受到啟發(fā)和鼓舞,以致于他在辛亥革命后期改變起義計劃,轉(zhuǎn)移了同盟會活動中心和籌款依靠對象,使越南一度成為革命的大本營和策源地。由此可見,對越南華僑的積極爭取,無疑為孫中山的革命事業(yè)莫定了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)和群眾基礎(chǔ)。但是,孫中山在喚起華僑民族意識,激發(fā)華僑革命熱情過程中,過高估計了越南華僑的革命力量,不切實際地向越南華僑提出過多經(jīng)濟等方面的要求,同時又持續(xù)不斷地組織軍事行動,這在一定程度上不僅影響了華僑革命黨人的積極性,而且客觀上也影響了辛亥革命的進程。 三是,筆者試圖從越南華僑對孫中山革命事業(yè)的積極支持和參與,以及對于越南華僑所表現(xiàn)出的眾志成城、共赴國難、積極支援革命事業(yè),且不甘人后的令人感奮的實例的簡要記述,略窺越南華僑積極支持和參與孫中山的辛亥革命,并為其做出多方面貢獻的事跡,充分論述和展現(xiàn)越南華僑的愛國主義精神。鑒于對于這一問題過去相關(guān)研究不多的情況,在本文當(dāng)中,筆者將圍繞越南華僑在辛亥革命中的地位與作用這一主線展開論述,從而使孫中山與越南華僑間這段重要的歷史事跡能夠得以真切而生動地彰顯于世。為此,筆者參閱了大量文獻資料,用兩個章節(jié)討論以上問題,并對越南華僑組織、輿論陣地的興起、發(fā)展演變、內(nèi)部機制以及在辛亥革命中的地位與作用都作了深入的研究分析。 對于以上內(nèi)容,筆者主要從以下幾方面加以論述：1、辛亥革命促使越南華僑更加積極地支持祖國革命與建設(shè)；促進越南華僑的聯(lián)合與團結(jié)；有力地推動了華僑文化教育事業(yè)的發(fā)展；廣泛地傳播了資產(chǎn)階級新思想。并在此基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)為這幾方面的影響是在越南華僑增強民族意識和愛國觀念的作用下產(chǎn)生的,而且確實也增強了越南華僑的民族意識和愛國觀念。這是辛亥革命對越南華僑社會最重大深遠(yuǎn)的影響。2、強調(diào)了中國辛亥革命取得勝利對越南在政治上、思想上、組織上、行動上的巨大影響。武昌起義直接鼓舞了越南解放運動的開展,筆者對此提出了自己的獨到見解,那就是孫中山的革命理論實際上也積極影響了一批越南愛國者,如潘佩珠和胡志明。他們在孫中山革命理論指導(dǎo)下,積極尋找救國之路,將中國革命實踐的理論應(yīng)用于越南,指導(dǎo)越南的革命斗爭。3、文章盡可能廣泛地考察了孫中山及其辛亥革命運動與越南的關(guān)系,認(rèn)為越南華僑與孫中山的關(guān)系不單純是兩者之間的關(guān)系,而是將這種越、中兩國的歷史關(guān)系放在越南所處的國際環(huán)境中加以把握。由于篇幅所限,本文盡量壓縮了孫中山在越南開展革命活動的歷史背景,如：越中近代關(guān)系以及孫中山運動自身變遷的記述。 由于史料限制等原因,越南華僑與辛亥革命的研究還存在不足,但希望本項課題能對此做出一點貢獻。這個課題不僅對越南華僑史的研究,而且對辛亥革命、中國革命史和越中關(guān)系的研究都做了多側(cè)面、多角度的考察,同時對相關(guān)問題的研究歷史與現(xiàn)狀都給予了關(guān)注。從這個意義上說,本文或可為越南華僑史的研究,辛亥革命史、中國革命史、越中關(guān)系的研究提供某些便利,對中國近代史的教學(xué)和研究也會具有一定的參考作用。由于篇幅限制,對眾多研究成果亦不可能廣為介紹,對重要的研究成果也無法詳加評說；另外局限于個人研究水平,本文在文章取舍、成果推介、論點引述、內(nèi)容陳述及論文目錄的搜集整理分類等方面,均難免存在缺點或錯誤,切望讀者指點匡正。 總之,筆者希望通過本文的研究,能更有利于完善越南華僑史、越中關(guān)系的評價機制,更有利于對越中近現(xiàn)代史的復(fù)雜性作出新的理解與解釋。
[Abstract]:Vietnam is a country with many overseas Chinese. Chinese immigrants entering Vietnam have been closely linked with China. Since ancient times, Vietnam has been closely related to China and has been deeply influenced by Chinese Confucian culture. For the Vietnamese Chinese and Chinese, the study of Vietnamese overseas Chinese is used to take it from the Vietnamese regime. However, the Vietnamese scholars tend to discuss the status of the Chinese economy and the relationship between the Chinese ethnic group and the local society, as well as the relationship between the Chinese ethnic group and the local society, but the Vietnamese scholars are mainly inclined to discuss the status of the Chinese economy and the relationship between the Chinese ethnic group and the local society. So far, there seems to be no special treatise on the relationship between the Vietnamese Chinese and the 1911 Revolution. Therefore, the study of the relationship between the Vietnamese overseas Chinese and the 1911 Revolution is a new topic to be developed. In this article, we will try to stand on the Vietnamese Chinese position and take the Vietnamese overseas Chinese as the research object, and make a comprehensive and in-depth study. The relationship between the overseas Chinese and the 1911 Revolution in Vietnam is discussed. On the basis of the systematic review of the evolution of the thought evolution of the Vietnamese Chinese in the 1911 Revolution, some key problems in the process of the 1911 Revolution, such as the Sino Vietnamese relations, the Vietnamese Chinese and the internal relations between the Vietnamese people and Sun Zhongshan, are discussed. In order to make up for the study of Vietnamese Chinese, we hope to carry out a special study on the relationship between the overseas Chinese and the 1911 Revolution in order to strengthen the weak link of the history of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese and the history of the 1911 Revolution. The interpretation of the relationship between the three sides of China, the law and the more, the real historical scene of the relationship between the Vietnamese Chinese and the 1911 Revolution was constructed to carry out a deep study and deep thinking.
The main contents of this paper are as follows:
First, according to the achievements of previous studies, we should further supplement the new materials and introduce the basic situation, social status and contribution to Vietnam's economy and society before the revolution of 1911, especially in the period of the rule of France in Vietnam, and the historical background of the migration of overseas Chinese to Vietnam, the reasons, the overseas Chinese, the Chinese and Chinese and the social and economic culture of Vietnam. To contribute, the Vietnamese local government's policy on Chinese and overseas Chinese, discuss the Chinese Chinese society before the 1911 Revolution and discuss the evolution of the Vietnamese Chinese policy before the 1911 Revolution, and try to make a historical perspective on the key issues in the evolution process from the macro perspective, and then to the Vietnamese people. The relationship between localization process of Vietnamese overseas Chinese and Chinese policy is discussed.
The two is, according to the rich Chinese, Vietnamese, French documents, especially the original documents of the Vietnamese archives, try to use the theory and method of history to carry out an empirical analysis of the relationship between the Chinese, the law and the more the three sides, to provide an objective environment for the theme demonstration, so as to deeply investigate the relationship between Sun Zhongshan and the Vietnamese in Vietnam before the 1911 Revolution and rebuild it. The main historical facts of the interaction between the Vietnamese Chinese and the overseas Chinese and Sun Zhongshan and the Alliance Association. Sun Zhongshan carried out the revolutionary activities among the Vietnamese overseas Chinese for a long time, enlightened the revolutionary consciousness of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese, promoted the patriotic cohesion of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese, and made great efforts to improve the position of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese in the history of modern democratic revolution. Patriotism went to the revolution, followed Sun Zhongshan to carry out the revolution and supported sun's revolutionary national struggle in many directions. The study of the influence of Sun Zhongshan on the Vietnamese Chinese before the 1911 Revolution not only enriched our understanding of Sun Zhongshan's revolutionary thoughts and revolutionary activities, but also deeply understood Sun Zhongshan's contact and exchange with the Vietnamese overseas Chinese. The interaction relationship between the two parties in the process is mainly manifested in the following: Sun Zhongshan arouses the national patriotism consciousness of the Vietnamese Chinese, arouses the revolutionary enthusiasm of the patriotic Chinese and overseas Chinese, and provides an impressive historical witness for "the overseas Chinese is the mother of the Chinese revolution". The change of life attitude, the improvement of ideological consciousness and the positive support to Sun Zhongshan's revolutionary cause made Sun Zhongshan inspire and inspire him, so that he changed the plan of uprisings in the late 1911 Revolution, transferred the center of the alliance and the fundraising object, and made Vietnam a revolutionary base and source. The active struggle for the Vietnamese Chinese is undoubtedly the material basis and the mass basis for Sun Zhongshan's revolutionary cause. However, Sun Zhongshan overestimated the revolutionary forces of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese in the process of arousing the ethnic consciousness of the overseas Chinese and arousing the revolutionary enthusiasm of the overseas Chinese, and unrealistic demands for the economic and other aspects of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese, and at the same time The continuous organization of military action, to a certain extent, not only affects the enthusiasm of the Chinese Revolution Party members, but also objectively affects the progress of the revolution of 1911.
Three, the author tries to give a brief account of the positive support and participation of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese in the revolutionary cause of Sun Zhongshan, as well as a brief account of the national difficulties, the revolutionary cause, and the inspiring examples of the oversea Chinese, which are shown by the Vietnamese overseas Chinese, and a brief glimpse of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese to actively support and participate in the 1911 Revolution of Sun Zhongshan. In this paper, the author will discuss the importance of the status and role of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese in the 1911 Revolution, so that the importance of Sun Zhongshan and the overseas Chinese in Vietnam will be discussed in this paper. The historical facts can be vividly and vividly shown in the world. For this reason, I have read a lot of documents and discussed the above problems in two chapters, and made an in-depth study and analysis of the rise, evolution, internal mechanism and the position and role of the overseas Chinese overseas Chinese, the rise of the position of public opinion, the development and evolution, the internal mechanism and the revolution of 1911.
In the following aspects, the author mainly discusses the following aspects: 1, the revolution of 1911 prompted the Vietnamese Chinese to support the revolution and construction of the motherland more actively; promote the Union and unity of the overseas Chinese in Vietnam; vigorously promoted the development of the Chinese cultural and educational undertakings; and widely spread the new bourgeois ideas. On this basis, it is believed that The influence of these aspects is produced by the Vietnamese Chinese to strengthen their national consciousness and patriotism, and indeed enhance the national consciousness and patriotism of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese. This is the most profound and far-reaching influence of the 1911 Revolution on the Vietnamese Chinese society,.2, which emphasizes the political and ideological of the victory of the revolution of 1911 to Vietnam. The great influence on organization and action. The Wuchang uprising directly inspired the movement of the liberation movement of Vietnam. The author put forward his own opinion, that is, Sun Zhongshan's revolutionary theory has actually influenced a number of Vietnamese patriots, such as Pan Peizhu and Hu Zhiming. They are actively seeking to save the country under the guidance of Sun Zhongshan's revolutionary theory. The road, applying the theory of Chinese revolutionary practice to Vietnam, directs the revolutionary struggle of Vietnam.3. The article examines the relationship between Sun Zhongshan and his 1911 revolutionary movement and Vietnam as far as possible. The relationship between the Vietnamese Chinese and Sun Zhongshan is not simply the relationship between the two, but the historical relationship between the two countries is placed in Vietnam. Because of the limit of the space, this article tries to compress the historical background of Sun Zhongshan's revolutionary activities in Vietnam, such as the relationship between the Vietnam and the modern times and the account of the change of Sun Zhongshan's movement.
Because of the limitation of historical materials, the study of the Vietnamese Chinese and the 1911 Revolution is still inadequate, but it is hoped that this topic can make a contribution to this. This topic is not only a study of the history of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese, but also the research of the 1911 Revolution, the Chinese revolution history and the relationship between the Vietnam and the China. In this sense, this article may provide some convenience for the study of the history of the Vietnamese overseas Chinese, the history of the 1911 Revolution, the history of the Chinese revolution and the relationship between the Vietnam and the Vietnam. It will also have a certain reference for the teaching and research of the modern history of China. For the introduction, the important research results can not be described in detail. In addition, limited to the level of personal research, this article will inevitably have shortcomings and mistakes in the collection and selection of the article, the introduction of the results, the introduction of the argument, the collection and sorting of the contents of the paper and the catalogue of the papers.
In a word, the author hopes that through this study, it is more conducive to the improvement of the history of Vietnamese overseas Chinese and the evaluation mechanism of the relationship between Vietnam and Vietnam, which is more conducive to a new understanding and interpretation of the complexity of the more modern and modern history of Vietnam.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：K257

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本文編號：1848196