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晚清進士籍貫分布及分流研究

發(fā)布時間:2016-11-18 04:20

  本文關鍵詞:晚清進士籍貫分布及分流研究,由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。


晚清進士籍貫分布及分流研究

分享到: 本站編輯:admin 日期: 2010-05-21 22:15 點擊:次

【中文摘要】:

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    【中文摘要】晚清時局動蕩,內(nèi)外交困,八股取士的科目人才不足以應時務,人們變革科舉的呼聲日益高漲,科舉制度不斷演變。人物的地理分布既有自然環(huán)境的因素,亦涵蓋著人文社會環(huán)境各方面的影響,受自然環(huán)境、政治、經(jīng)濟、交通、文化狀況等的影響,晚清進士分布呈現(xiàn)明顯的地域不均衡性。文化底蘊深厚、經(jīng)濟繁榮、交通便利、學術文風壯盛的江浙地區(qū),人文薈萃,科甲聯(lián)翩。東北、西北、西南各省,地處邊陲,環(huán)境惡劣,交通不便,開發(fā)較遲,經(jīng)濟落后,文風不高,故進士稀缺。晚清做官重科舉、重正途。深受傳統(tǒng)儒家文化熏陶的中國知識分子以“學而優(yōu)則仕”為價值取向,大部分進士進仕為官,有的位列封疆大吏,在晚清的政治舞臺上大顯身手。然而隨著西方思潮的激烈涌進,中西文化不斷沖撞、交融,傳統(tǒng)的人才結構及人才流向發(fā)生了根本變化。晚清進士或投身于政界、軍界,或投身于工商界、教育界,或投身于文藝界、科技界,走上了更加寬廣的成才之路。本文初步探討了晚清科舉制度的演變過程、進士的做官及分流,并以清代行政區(qū)劃為準,著重對晚清進士的籍貫分布進行了系統(tǒng)的統(tǒng)計,對其分布規(guī)律及原因進行了分析和總結,以便進一步了解區(qū)域的自然環(huán)境、政治、經(jīng)濟、交通、文化發(fā)展的狀態(tài)對人才分布的影響,研究在風云激蕩幾十年中的晚清進士群體,探討晚清人才的地理分布規(guī)律。');
    【Abstract】 The current political situation turbulence of late Qing, the difficulties and knottiness at home and abroad ,the subject talents that are chosen from scholars to officials by the eight-part essay were not enough in conformity with these trends of the times. In this situation, the voice of improving imperial examinations increasingly grew to even greater heights, imperial examination system was also developing constantly. Personages’geographical distribution has not only a factor of natural environment, but also contains the influence of the humanism social environment of various fields. Influenced by natural environment, politics, economy, traffic, cultural state and so on, the distribution of successful candidate in the highest imperial examinations in late Qing showed obvious regional imbalance. With deep cultural details inside information, prosperous economy, convenient traffic, powerful and splendid academic writing style, many renowned personalities and successful candidates were born in Jiangsu and Zhejiang area.Oppositely, with the location in the border area, the abominable the environment, inconvenient the traffic, the every province of the Northeast, the Northwest, the Southwest, was relatively late to develop, economy and writing style were both not high, so the successful candidates were rare.Late Qing government recognized serious imperial examinations and serious straight way, the successful Chinese intellectuals from deep traditional edifying culture of the Confucian school took“a good scholar will make an official”as their value orientation, most successful candidates entered the government as the officials, exhibiting their skills on the political platform in late Qing.Howerver,with the pouring of western ideological trend,Chinese and Western cultures were colliding and blending constantly, traditional composition of trained personnel and the flowing of talent began to take place basic change. The successful candidates of Late Qing threw themselves into political circles, military circles, business circles, education circles, literature and art circles, scientific and technological circles, taking a more broad road to become a useful person.This thesis tentatively probes into the development course of imperial examination system in late Qing, the official career and the diffluence of the successful candidates. According to administrative division of Qing Dynasty, the author carries on systematic statistics to the distribution of native place of successful candidates in late Qing. In order to have a further understanding about how natural environment, politics, economy, traffic, culture state of development of area influence the distribution of talent, to study the development of the successful candidates group in the decade of agitational late Qing, to probe into late Qing talents\' geographical distribution law. The author also analyzes and summarizes the distribution law and reason of it.

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      本文關鍵詞:晚清進士籍貫分布及分流研究,,由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。



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