本文選題：馬丕瑤 + 賑災(zāi)��； 參考：《東北師范大學(xué)》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：馬丕瑤作為晚清重要的地方官員,雖然不似曾國(guó)藩、李鴻章等封疆大吏那樣顯赫,但卻歷經(jīng)同治、光緒兩朝,深得當(dāng)政者的寵信。多次受到光緒皇帝和慈禧太后的嘉獎(jiǎng),這在晚清官員中并不多見(jiàn)。通過(guò)對(duì)他的研究可以了解晚清時(shí)期地方官員在面對(duì)國(guó)家內(nèi)憂外患的情況下,如何來(lái)治理地方,解決國(guó)家危亡。本文旨在對(duì)馬丕瑤一生中的為官時(shí)期進(jìn)行論述,著重論述其賑災(zāi)思想、經(jīng)濟(jì)思想、吏治思想及相關(guān)實(shí)踐。把對(duì)馬丕瑤一生的研究作為一個(gè)整體,了解這位晚清時(shí)期重要的地方官員,以期得出其重要的歷史地位,并給予公正的評(píng)價(jià)。另外,本文力圖在還原歷史本來(lái)面目的同時(shí)更希望能挖掘出深刻的現(xiàn)實(shí)借鑒意義。 本文主要通過(guò)三大方面來(lái)進(jìn)行論述: 第一部分:論述馬丕瑤的賑災(zāi)思想與實(shí)踐。百年不遇的旱災(zāi)給晚清社會(huì)帶來(lái)了巨大沖擊,臨危受命的馬丕瑤擔(dān)任了受災(zāi)最嚴(yán)重的地區(qū)之一——解州的知州。所以本部分全面概括馬丕瑤在面對(duì)災(zāi)荒時(shí)所做的思考,以及對(duì)其賑災(zāi)思想的實(shí)踐,主要包括賑濟(jì)災(zāi)民、平抑物價(jià)、清丈土地、均減徭役、恢復(fù)災(zāi)后生產(chǎn)、進(jìn)行民眾教化等。通過(guò)對(duì)其賑災(zāi)措施的論述從而挖掘其措施中所存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)借鑒意義。同時(shí),其對(duì)災(zāi)荒的治理雖然取得了重大成效,但是也存在著不可避免的局限。 第二部分:論述馬丕瑤的經(jīng)濟(jì)思想與實(shí)踐。為了挽救統(tǒng)治,晚清時(shí)期進(jìn)行了學(xué)習(xí)西方先進(jìn)技術(shù)的洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng),馬丕瑤雖然不是洋務(wù)運(yùn)動(dòng)的典型代表,但是其經(jīng)濟(jì)思想?yún)s體現(xiàn)出了向洋務(wù)思想的轉(zhuǎn)變,這主要體現(xiàn)在工業(yè)、農(nóng)業(yè)、對(duì)外貿(mào)易等方面。通過(guò)對(duì)其洋務(wù)思想實(shí)踐的探討,進(jìn)一步分析其洋務(wù)思想的成因。 第三部分:對(duì)馬丕瑤的吏治思想與實(shí)踐進(jìn)行論述。即對(duì)馬丕瑤為官三十年中對(duì)地方吏治措施的總結(jié)歸納,并與同時(shí)期的其他地方官員進(jìn)行比較,從而得出其吏治思想的突出特點(diǎn)。 結(jié)語(yǔ)部分:通過(guò)上述具體史實(shí)的闡述,以及對(duì)馬丕瑤賑災(zāi)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、吏治思想的分析,有助于我們?nèi)媪私怦R丕瑤一生的為官思想。雖然身處封建沒(méi)落的晚清社會(huì),但是其思想中卻時(shí)時(shí)體現(xiàn)出“關(guān)注民生”的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。通過(guò)上述材料的把握,有助于我們理性而客觀的分析馬丕瑤的歷史地位,更準(zhǔn)確地把握歷史真相。
[Abstract]:Ma Pi-yao, as an important local official in the late Qing Dynasty, was not as prominent as Zeng Guofan, Li Hongzhang, and so on.Many times by Emperor Guang Xu and Empress Cixi, this was rare among officials in the late Qing Dynasty.Through his research, we can understand how the local officials in the late Qing Dynasty managed the local government and solved the national crisis in the face of the internal and external troubles of the country.The purpose of this paper is to discuss Ma Pi-yao 's life as an official, focusing on his thoughts on disaster relief, economic thought, official administration and related practice.Taking the study of Ma Pi-yao 's life as a whole, this important local official in the late Qing Dynasty was understood in order to obtain his important historical status and to give a fair evaluation.In addition, this paper tries to restore the history as it is, and hope to excavate the profound practical significance.This article mainly through three aspects to carry on the discussion:The first part discusses Ma Piyao's thought and practice of disaster relief.The once-in-a-century drought had a great impact on the society in the late Qing Dynasty, and Ma Pi-yao was appointed as one of the worst-hit areas-Zhizhou.Therefore, this part summarizes the thinking made by Ma Pi-yao in the face of famine, and the practice of his thoughts on disaster relief, mainly including relief to the victims, stabilizing prices, clearing the land, reducing corvee, resuming the production after the disaster, carrying on the education of the people and so on.Through the discussion of disaster relief measures, it excavates the practical significance of its measures.At the same time, although its management of famine has made great achievements, but there are inevitable limitations.The second part discusses Ma Piyao's economic thought and practice.In order to save the rule, the Westernization Movement was carried out in the late Qing Dynasty to learn the advanced western technology. Although Ma Pi-yao was not a typical representative of the Westernization Movement, his economic thought reflected the change to the Westernization thought, which was mainly reflected in industry.Agriculture, foreign trade, etc.Through the practice of his Westernization thought, the causes of its Westernization thought are further analyzed.The third part discusses Ma Piyao's thought and practice of official administration.That is to say, Ma Pi-yao as an official in 30 years of summing up the measures of local officials, and compared with other local officials in the same period, so as to get the prominent characteristics of his thoughts on the administration of officials.Conclusion: the analysis of Ma Pi-yao 's thoughts of relief, economy and administration is helpful for us to understand Ma Pi-yao 's thought of serving as an official in his life.Although he was in the late Qing Dynasty, his thoughts always reflected the practical significance of paying attention to the people's livelihood.It is helpful for us to analyze the historical position of Ma Pi-yao rationally and objectively, and to grasp the historical truth more accurately.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K252

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本文編號(hào)：1763649