【摘要】： 本文從縱橫兩個角度論述了元代國子監(jiān)的發(fā)展。 縱向研究以時間為順序，論述了大蒙古國時期國子學的創(chuàng)辦與發(fā)展和元朝蒙 古國子監(jiān)、國子監(jiān)和回回國子監(jiān)的設置與發(fā)展，從總體上展示了元代國子監(jiān)的演 變軌跡。圍繞著辦學宗旨問題，大蒙古國國子學經(jīng)歷了由文字教育向儒學教育的 轉變。這是蒙古統(tǒng)治者在辦學問題上與漢人儒士的第一次沖突。但這并不說明蒙 古統(tǒng)治者就承認了尊孔崇儒代表著國家教育的正統(tǒng)。忽必烈一旦登基汗位并建立 元朝，其文治方針便顯現(xiàn)出樹立蒙古文化正統(tǒng)地位的傾向。漢人儒士為維護漢法 和爭取儒治，也在努力弘揚儒學。色目貴族則為了顯示其政治地位，也絕不放棄 在教育上的一席地位。多元政治勢力的較量，是促成元代蒙古國子監(jiān)、國子監(jiān)和 回回國子監(jiān)三元并存教育體制產(chǎn)生和發(fā)展的根本原因。 橫向研究以專題為綱目，著重對元代國子監(jiān)的人物、辦學模式和管理制度的 發(fā)展進行了探討，以揭示元代國子監(jiān)的辦學特色，及其在中國古代教育發(fā)展進程 中的地位。元代國子監(jiān)職官為爭得國家教育正統(tǒng)地位，，以弘揚儒學推進儒治為己 任，表現(xiàn)出了衛(wèi)道守道的教育熱情。他們借鑒宋代教育成果，將程朱理學引進國 子學，建立了升齋積分制，使元代國子監(jiān)的管理水平達到了歷史新高度。其中的 許多制度深刻地影響了明清國子監(jiān)的發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:This paper discusses the development of Guozi Supervision in Yuan Dynasty from both vertical and horizontal angles. In the order of time, the longitudinal study discusses the establishment and development of Guozi study in the period of Great Mongolia and the establishment and development of ancient Guozi Supervision, Guozi Supervision and Hui Guozi Supervision in Yuan Dynasty, and shows the track of the evolution and change of Guozi Supervision in Yuan Dynasty as a whole. Focusing on the purpose of running a school, the Chinese study of Great Mongolia has experienced the transformation from character education to Confucianism education. This is the first conflict between Mongolian rulers and Han Confucianism on the issue of running a school. But this does not mean that the ancient rulers recognized that respecting Confucius and advocating Confucianism represented the orthodoxy of national education. Once Hu Bilie ascended the throne and established the Yuan Dynasty, his policy of cultural governance showed the tendency to establish the orthodox position of Mongolian culture. In order to safeguard Han law and strive for Confucian rule, Han Confucian scholars are also trying to carry forward Confucianism. In order to show their political status, the color aristocrats will never give up their position in education. The contest of pluralistic political forces was the fundamental reason for the emergence and development of the ternary education system of Mongolian State Supervision, State son Supervision and Hui State Supervision in Yuan Dynasty. Taking the special topic as the outline, the horizontal study focuses on the development of the characters, the mode of running a school and the management system of the Yuan Dynasty, in order to reveal the characteristics of the Yuan Dynasty's national supervision and its position in the process of the development of ancient Chinese education. In order to gain the orthodox position of national education and carry forward Confucianism and promote the rule of Confucianism as his own duty, the supervisor of the Yuan Dynasty showed the educational enthusiasm of defending the Tao and keeping the Tao. They drew lessons from the educational achievements of the Song Dynasty, introduced Cheng Zhu Neo-Confucianism into Guozi Studies, and established the Shengzhai integral system, which made the management level of the Yuan Dynasty State and son Supervision reach a new historical height. Many of these systems had a profound impact on the development of the Ming and Qing dynasties.
【學位授予單位】：暨南大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2002
【分類號】：K247

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本文編號：2498397