明代東北亞地區(qū)陸路信息傳播研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-03-28 08:41
【摘要】：明帝國(guó)初立即積極在東北亞陸上邊疆地區(qū)進(jìn)行以新聞信息傳播為主要內(nèi)容的軟實(shí)力征服,對(duì)東北少數(shù)民族、北元?dú)堄鄤?shì)力都大加宣諭招撫使之來歸。并于洪武初年,即有于遼東建立驛路,復(fù)興文教傳播等等努力。同時(shí),著手重建對(duì)朝鮮的新聞信息傳播秩序。確定明帝國(guó)的東北亞新聞傳播政策與傳播層次劃分是明初東北亞傳播的主要內(nèi)容。帝國(guó)東部的陸路傳播邊疆即是帝國(guó)實(shí)質(zhì)上的地理邊疆。明帝國(guó)中前期中央政府對(duì)東北地區(qū)不斷進(jìn)行新聞傳播與信息輸出,通過傳播實(shí)踐加強(qiáng)了東北邊疆的民族向心力。元末動(dòng)亂的東北邊疆重回穩(wěn)定,明帝國(guó)的新聞傳播政策與行為,所起到的作用顯而易見。 在朝鮮半島上,李氏朝鮮取代王氏高麗后,制定了臣事大明的立國(guó)方針,在政治與文化傳播層面上積極與明廷進(jìn)行包括新聞在內(nèi)的各種信息的交互。朝鮮在對(duì)明廷的政治信息收集與反饋方面投入了相當(dāng)?shù)娜肆ξ锪?以之為國(guó)之要?jiǎng)?wù)。朝鮮派遣的使臣一年數(shù)次往返于北京與王京之間,將明廷的時(shí)政新聞大量收集帶回朝鮮。除了頻繁的政治新聞信息交流外,對(duì)中華文化的熱情也讓朝鮮做出了大量傳播方面的努力以參與進(jìn)漢字文化核心圈。這種努力與重視,在朝鮮的史料里留下了許多關(guān)于明帝國(guó)新聞傳播體系的細(xì)節(jié)記載,這是為中原史書所缺失的。 在明帝國(guó)東北亞的發(fā)展中,萬歷朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)與女真興起都是對(duì)歷史發(fā)展影響深遠(yuǎn)的事件。在其中,新聞傳播都扮演了重要的角色。 在萬歷朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中,無論是明廷入朝作戰(zhàn)前的信息準(zhǔn)備、戰(zhàn)時(shí)新聞信息傳播管控、和議時(shí)期的輿論處理,還是戰(zhàn)后對(duì)朝鮮與日本的信息互動(dòng)的掌握,都直接作用于明廷的政策調(diào)整與軍事安排,這都是決定戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)結(jié)局的關(guān)鍵因素。 而隨著東北境內(nèi)女真勢(shì)力的興起,弘治朝以后東北傳播氣氛日漸緊張。萬歷朝時(shí)期東北政治形勢(shì)動(dòng)蕩不安,東北境內(nèi)傳播亂象初起。盡管明廷一再加強(qiáng)對(duì)軍事新聞信息管控的力度,但對(duì)東北用兵的屢次失敗證明了明帝國(guó)傳播體制中存在著嚴(yán)重的新聞信息安全漏洞。在帝國(guó)統(tǒng)一東北的過程中,發(fā)揮了巨大作用新聞傳播體系在明末卻成為對(duì)帝國(guó)安全的一大威脅。盡管明廷與朝鮮雙方都盡了相當(dāng)大的努力,但軍事上的失敗最終導(dǎo)致明廷東北亞邊疆傳播體系的崩潰。這一結(jié)果也導(dǎo)致清朝建立后,徹底改變了對(duì)東北亞陸路地區(qū)的傳播政策,無形中埋下了近代東北亞悲劇的伏筆。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, it actively conquered the soft power with the main content of news and information dissemination in the land frontier of Northeast Asia. The minority nationalities in Northeast China and the remnants of the Northern Yuan Dynasty were greatly encouraged to return to the region. And in the early years of Hongwu, I. E. in Liaodong to establish a post road, rejuvenate the spread of culture and education, and so on. At the same time, the re-establishment of the North Korean news and information dissemination order. It is the main content of Northeast Asia communication in the early Ming Dynasty to determine the media policy and the division of communication levels of the Ming Empire in Northeast Asia. The land-borne frontier in the eastern part of the Empire is the geographical frontier of the Empire in essence. In the middle and early Ming Dynasty, the central government continuously carried out news dissemination and information output to Northeast China, and strengthened the national centripetal force in the Northeast Frontier through the practice of dissemination. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the unstable northeast frontier returned to stability, and the Ming Empire's news and communication policies and behaviors played an obvious role. On the Korean Peninsula, after Lee's Korea replaced Wang's Kali, he formulated the policy of establishing a country for his subjects, and actively interacted with the Ming Dynasty, including news, on the political and cultural dissemination level. North Korea has invested considerable human and material resources in the collection and feedback of political information to the Ming Dynasty as a matter of national importance. North Korea sent envoys to and from Beijing and Wang Jing several times a year, bringing back a large collection of the Ming Dynasty's current political news. In addition to the frequent exchange of political news and information, the enthusiasm for Chinese culture has also led North Korea to make a great deal of efforts in order to participate in the core circle of Chinese culture. This effort and attention, in the history of North Korea left a lot of details about the Ming Empire news and communication system, which is missing from the Central Plains historical books. In the development of Northeast Asia of Ming Dynasty, the Korean War of Wanli and the rise of Nushen are both far-reaching events to the development of history. Among them, news communication has played an important role. In the Korean War of Wanli, whether it was the preparation of information before the Ming Dynasty entered the DPRK, the control over the dissemination of news and information in wartime, the handling of public opinion during the period of reconciliation, or the mastery of the information interaction between Korea and Japan after the war, Both directly affect the Ming court's policy adjustment and military arrangements, which are the key factors to determine the end of the war. And with the rise of women's true forces in Northeast China, Hongzhi after the Northeast spread atmosphere increasingly tense. During the Wanli Dynasty, the political situation in Northeast China was volatile, and the spread of chaos in Northeast China began at the beginning. Although the Ming Dynasty has repeatedly strengthened the control of military news and information, the repeated failures of the Northeast military use have proved that there are serious security loopholes in the communication system of the Ming Empire. In the process of empire unifying northeast, the news communication system became a great threat to the imperial security in the late Ming Dynasty. Despite the great efforts of both the Ming Dynasty and North Korea, the military failure eventually led to the collapse of the Ming Dynasty Northeast Asian Border Communication system. This result also led to the establishment of Qing Dynasty, completely changed the dissemination policy of Northeast Asia land area, buried the tragedy of modern Northeast Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K248
本文編號(hào)：2448711
[Abstract]:At the beginning of Ming Dynasty, it actively conquered the soft power with the main content of news and information dissemination in the land frontier of Northeast Asia. The minority nationalities in Northeast China and the remnants of the Northern Yuan Dynasty were greatly encouraged to return to the region. And in the early years of Hongwu, I. E. in Liaodong to establish a post road, rejuvenate the spread of culture and education, and so on. At the same time, the re-establishment of the North Korean news and information dissemination order. It is the main content of Northeast Asia communication in the early Ming Dynasty to determine the media policy and the division of communication levels of the Ming Empire in Northeast Asia. The land-borne frontier in the eastern part of the Empire is the geographical frontier of the Empire in essence. In the middle and early Ming Dynasty, the central government continuously carried out news dissemination and information output to Northeast China, and strengthened the national centripetal force in the Northeast Frontier through the practice of dissemination. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the unstable northeast frontier returned to stability, and the Ming Empire's news and communication policies and behaviors played an obvious role. On the Korean Peninsula, after Lee's Korea replaced Wang's Kali, he formulated the policy of establishing a country for his subjects, and actively interacted with the Ming Dynasty, including news, on the political and cultural dissemination level. North Korea has invested considerable human and material resources in the collection and feedback of political information to the Ming Dynasty as a matter of national importance. North Korea sent envoys to and from Beijing and Wang Jing several times a year, bringing back a large collection of the Ming Dynasty's current political news. In addition to the frequent exchange of political news and information, the enthusiasm for Chinese culture has also led North Korea to make a great deal of efforts in order to participate in the core circle of Chinese culture. This effort and attention, in the history of North Korea left a lot of details about the Ming Empire news and communication system, which is missing from the Central Plains historical books. In the development of Northeast Asia of Ming Dynasty, the Korean War of Wanli and the rise of Nushen are both far-reaching events to the development of history. Among them, news communication has played an important role. In the Korean War of Wanli, whether it was the preparation of information before the Ming Dynasty entered the DPRK, the control over the dissemination of news and information in wartime, the handling of public opinion during the period of reconciliation, or the mastery of the information interaction between Korea and Japan after the war, Both directly affect the Ming court's policy adjustment and military arrangements, which are the key factors to determine the end of the war. And with the rise of women's true forces in Northeast China, Hongzhi after the Northeast spread atmosphere increasingly tense. During the Wanli Dynasty, the political situation in Northeast China was volatile, and the spread of chaos in Northeast China began at the beginning. Although the Ming Dynasty has repeatedly strengthened the control of military news and information, the repeated failures of the Northeast military use have proved that there are serious security loopholes in the communication system of the Ming Empire. In the process of empire unifying northeast, the news communication system became a great threat to the imperial security in the late Ming Dynasty. Despite the great efforts of both the Ming Dynasty and North Korea, the military failure eventually led to the collapse of the Ming Dynasty Northeast Asian Border Communication system. This result also led to the establishment of Qing Dynasty, completely changed the dissemination policy of Northeast Asia land area, buried the tragedy of modern Northeast Asia.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)社會(huì)科學(xué)院研究生院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：K248
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