【摘要】：情緒對于人們的認知活動有著非常重要的影響。但是，以往的研究大都著重探討情緒與注意、知覺以及記憶等認知活動的相互關系，很少論及情緒對推理的影響。有關情緒與推理的關系研究，在國內外的文獻中都不多見。為此本研究著重探討不同的情緒狀態(tài)對推理的影響作用及其眼動機制。 實驗通過操控不同的情緒情境來誘發(fā)被試產生不同的情緒狀態(tài)，并采取圖形類比推理測驗作為實驗材料，選取了24名大學生被試參加眼動實驗。眼動實驗采取4*3兩因素混合實驗設計，其中一個因子是情緒的不同狀態(tài)，包括積極情緒、中性情緒、消極情緒和控制組，另外一個是類比推理測驗題目難度，包括低等、中等和高等三個水平，前者為被試間設計，后者為被試內設計，被試的推理成績和眼動數據作為因變量。 實驗通過對每個因素的主效應以及各因素之間的交互作用做出分析，結果表明：1.被試在積極和消極情緒狀態(tài)下，抑制了類比推理活動，這兩種情緒狀態(tài)下的作業(yè)成績明顯地低于中性情緒組和控制組的作業(yè)成績，中性情緒組和控制組的作業(yè)成績則沒有存在顯著差異；2.對于不同難度的題目來說，情緒狀態(tài)的抑制作用有顯著差別，對于低等難度的題目，抑制作用不顯著，對于中等和高等難度題目抑制作用比較顯著。
[Abstract]:Emotion has a very important effect on people's cognitive activities. However, previous studies have focused on the relationship between emotion and cognitive activities such as attention, perception and memory, and rarely on the influence of emotion on reasoning. The research on the relationship between emotion and reasoning is rare in the literature at home and abroad. Therefore, this study focuses on the effects of different emotional states on reasoning and eye movement mechanism. By manipulating different emotional situations, the experiment induced the subjects to produce different emotional states, and took the graphical analogical reasoning test as the experimental material, and selected 24 college students to participate in the eye movement experiment. The eye movement experiment was designed as a mixture of four factors, one of which was the different state of emotion, including positive emotion, neutral emotion, negative emotion and control group, and the other was the difficulty of the analogical reasoning test, including the low level. At the middle and higher levels, the former is the design between the subjects, the latter is the design within the subjects, and the reasoning scores and eye movement data of the subjects are taken as dependent variables. By analyzing the main effect of each factor and the interaction of each factor, the result shows that the main effect of each factor is 1: 1. In both positive and negative mood states, the activity of analogical reasoning was inhibited. The results of the two emotional states were significantly lower than those of the neutral emotion group and the control group. There was no significant difference between the neutral emotion group and the control group. For the different difficulty problems, the inhibitory effect of emotional state has significant difference, for the low difficulty problem, the inhibitory effect is not significant, and for the middle and high difficulty problems, the inhibitory effect is more significant.
【學位授予單位】：江西師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：B842.3

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