重慶市民集體性項目鍛煉堅持性影響因素的探究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-10 18:43
【摘要】：本研究由2個子研究組成。研究1對610名重慶市民進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查,全而、系統(tǒng)地了解重慶市民鍛煉堅持性現(xiàn)狀,探索了不同人口學(xué)變量、社會學(xué)變量對重慶市民鍛煉堅持性的影響。研究2采用質(zhì)性研究,以堅持鍛煉的30名重慶市民為研究對象,通過深度訪談和扎根理論深入了解、挖掘集體性鍛煉項目鍛煉堅持性的影響因素,并建構(gòu)了影響因索模型。研究結(jié)果如下： 1、重慶市民的堅持鍛煉的基本情況。重慶市民的鍛煉堅持性的總體水平較低,堅持鍛煉的僅占11.8%,高達(dá)88.2%的市民沒有堅持鍛煉。在鍛煉行為階段上,重慶市民大多數(shù)(39.3%)處于鍛煉行為的準(zhǔn)備階段,18.1%處于前意識階段,18.2%處于意識階段,6.1%處于行動階段,18.2%處于維持階段。 2、不同人口學(xué)特征(性別、年齡)和不同社會學(xué)特征(職業(yè))的重慶市民在鍛煉堅持性上均存在顯著差異。在人口學(xué)特征方而,男性的堅持性比女性好；60歲以上的居民鍛煉堅持性最好,26-35歲的堅持性水平最低。在社會學(xué)特征方而,非在職人員的堅持性好于在職人員,退休及其他人員的堅持性最好,私企工作人員的堅持性水平最低。 3、重慶市民集體項口鍛煉堅持性的影響因素,包含次要類別(44個因素)、主要類別(10個因素)和核心類別(1個因素)。其中,核心類別為認(rèn)知與鍛煉堅持性的相互影響。主要類別包括鍛煉策略、生理因素、個性(個性傾向性與個性心理特征)、情緒與情感體驗、認(rèn)知、鍛煉效果、鍛煉歷史、社會環(huán)境、鍛煉條件和鍛煉活動特征等10個因素。在44個次要類別中,主觀努力、行為態(tài)度、項目選擇、時間管理、個體喜好、鍛煉動機(jī)、個體意識、氣質(zhì)、情緒體驗、情感體驗、鍛煉的認(rèn)知、參與選擇、鍛煉獲益、參與機(jī)會、過去的鍛煉行為、初始鍛煉經(jīng)歷、社會支持、鍛煉氛圍、人際氛圍、技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)、空閑時間、鍛煉機(jī)會、集體項日、適合自己、項目吸引力等25個因素是在訪談過程中被提到次數(shù)最多、最普遍的因素,屬于核心的影響因素。 4、集體項目的鍛煉堅持性影響因素的模型。以鍛煉堅持性影響因素的次要類別、主要類別和核心類別為基礎(chǔ),通過扎根理論初步提出了鍛煉堅持性的相關(guān)理論的模型假設(shè),即鍛煉堅持過程的四階段模型。此模型將個體鍛煉堅持的過程劃分為四個階段：第一階段,嘗試參與階段。在這個階段,個性傾向性(主要是需要和動機(jī))、鍛煉氛圍、生理因素、鍛煉條件、鍛煉活動特征等因素對個體的嘗試參與行為(包括現(xiàn)階段的參與行為或鍛煉歷史)產(chǎn)生了影響。第二階段,主觀體驗階段。在這個階段,參與行為或鍛煉歷史、鍛煉活動特征(主要是集體性、適合自己、運(yùn)動風(fēng)險和吸引力)對個體的主觀體驗產(chǎn)生了影響。第三階段,獲得效果階段。在這個階段,情緒與情感體驗、鍛煉策略、個性心理特征和社會環(huán)境等因素對個體能否取得鍛煉效果產(chǎn)生了影響。第四階段,堅持鍛煉階段。在這個階段,個體心理特征、個體喜好、鍛煉策略、認(rèn)知、鍛煉效果和社會環(huán)境等因素都對個體的堅持鍛煉行為產(chǎn)生了影響。 5、針對研究中發(fā)現(xiàn)的問題,從三個層面提出了提高個體鍛煉堅持性水平的一些建議：個體層面,應(yīng)發(fā)展符合自身情況的鍛煉策略,形成鍛煉能力；培養(yǎng)和完善個性特征,為鍛煉提供穩(wěn)定的內(nèi)驅(qū)力：了解各項鍛煉活動特征,選擇適合自身情況的鍛煉項目；深化鍛煉認(rèn)知,增強(qiáng)鍛煉行為的自主化程度。信息層面,應(yīng)開展健康風(fēng)險評價活動,提供生理狀況指標(biāo)的及時反饋；開展大眾傳媒宣傳活動,引導(dǎo)大眾關(guān)注健康；優(yōu)化公共場所標(biāo)記,提供鍛煉的決策提示。社會層面,應(yīng)營造良好的社會環(huán)境,提供堅持鍛煉的外部動力系統(tǒng)；組織機(jī)構(gòu)間大力協(xié)作,為個體堅持鍛煉提供環(huán)境和政策支持；健全學(xué)校體育的內(nèi)容與體系,將其作為開展全民健身的重要根基。
[Abstract]:This study consists of two sub-studies. In study 1, 610 Chongqing citizens were surveyed with questionnaires to find out the status quo of exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens systematically, and to explore the effects of different demographic and sociological variables on exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens. Through in-depth interviews and grounded theory, this paper explores the influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective exercise, and constructs an influencing factor model.
1. The basic situation of Chongqing citizens'persistent exercise. The general level of Chongqing citizens' persistence in exercise is low, only 11.8% of them persist in exercise, and 88.2% of them do not persist in exercise. Paragraph 6.1% is at the operational stage and 18.2% is in the maintenance stage.
2. Chongqing citizens with different demographic characteristics (gender, age) and different sociological characteristics (occupation) have significant differences in exercise persistence. The persistence of the staff is better than that of the on-the-job staff, the persistence of the retired and other staff is the best, and the persistence level of the private enterprise staff is the lowest.
3. The influencing factors of collective exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens include secondary categories (44 factors), main categories (10 factors) and core categories (1 factor). The core category is the interaction between cognition and exercise adherence. And emotional experience, cognition, exercise effect, exercise history, social environment, exercise conditions and characteristics of exercise activities. In 44 secondary categories, subjective effort, behavior attitude, project selection, time management, individual preferences, exercise motivation, individual consciousness, temperament, emotional experience, emotional experience, exercise cognition, participation selection, exercise benefit. Participation opportunity, past exercise behavior, initial exercise experience, social support, exercise atmosphere, interpersonal atmosphere, technical basis, leisure time, exercise opportunity, collective event day, fit for oneself, project attractiveness and other 25 factors were mentioned most frequently in the interview process, the most common factors, belonging to the core factors.
4. The model of influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective events. Based on the minor categories, main categories and core categories of exercise persistence influencing factors, this paper puts forward a preliminary theoretical hypothesis of exercise persistence through grounded theory, that is, a four-stage model of exercise persistence process. This model delineates the process of individual exercise persistence. There are four stages: the first stage, the attempt to participate in the stage. In this stage, personality tendencies (mainly needs and motivations), exercise atmosphere, physiological factors, exercise conditions, characteristics of exercise activities and other factors on the individual attempt to participate in the behavior (including the current participation behavior or exercise history) have an impact. The second stage, the level of subjective experience. In this stage, participation behavior or exercise history, exercise activity characteristics (mainly collective, suitable for oneself, sports risk and attraction) have an impact on the subjective experience of the individual. The third stage, the stage of effect. In this stage, emotional and emotional experience, exercise strategy, personality psychological characteristics and social environment and other factors on the individual. Fourth stage, persistent exercise stage. In this stage, individual psychological characteristics, individual preferences, exercise strategies, cognition, exercise effect and social environment and other factors have an impact on individual persistent exercise behavior.
5. In view of the problems found in the study, some suggestions are put forward to improve the level of individual exercise persistence from three aspects: at the individual level, exercise strategies should be developed in accordance with their own conditions to form exercise ability; at the same time, personality traits should be cultivated and perfected to provide a stable driving force for exercise; at the same time, the characteristics of various exercise activities should be understood and the suitable ones should be selected. At the information level, health risk assessment activities should be carried out to provide timely feedback on physiological status indicators; mass media publicity activities should be carried out to guide the public to pay attention to health; public signs should be optimized to provide decision-making hints for exercise. To create a good social environment and provide an external motivation system for persistent exercise; to organize inter-agency cooperation to provide environment and policy support for individual persistent exercise; to improve the content and system of school physical education as an important foundation for national fitness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G249.2
本文編號：2175863
[Abstract]:This study consists of two sub-studies. In study 1, 610 Chongqing citizens were surveyed with questionnaires to find out the status quo of exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens systematically, and to explore the effects of different demographic and sociological variables on exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens. Through in-depth interviews and grounded theory, this paper explores the influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective exercise, and constructs an influencing factor model.
1. The basic situation of Chongqing citizens'persistent exercise. The general level of Chongqing citizens' persistence in exercise is low, only 11.8% of them persist in exercise, and 88.2% of them do not persist in exercise. Paragraph 6.1% is at the operational stage and 18.2% is in the maintenance stage.
2. Chongqing citizens with different demographic characteristics (gender, age) and different sociological characteristics (occupation) have significant differences in exercise persistence. The persistence of the staff is better than that of the on-the-job staff, the persistence of the retired and other staff is the best, and the persistence level of the private enterprise staff is the lowest.
3. The influencing factors of collective exercise adherence of Chongqing citizens include secondary categories (44 factors), main categories (10 factors) and core categories (1 factor). The core category is the interaction between cognition and exercise adherence. And emotional experience, cognition, exercise effect, exercise history, social environment, exercise conditions and characteristics of exercise activities. In 44 secondary categories, subjective effort, behavior attitude, project selection, time management, individual preferences, exercise motivation, individual consciousness, temperament, emotional experience, emotional experience, exercise cognition, participation selection, exercise benefit. Participation opportunity, past exercise behavior, initial exercise experience, social support, exercise atmosphere, interpersonal atmosphere, technical basis, leisure time, exercise opportunity, collective event day, fit for oneself, project attractiveness and other 25 factors were mentioned most frequently in the interview process, the most common factors, belonging to the core factors.
4. The model of influencing factors of exercise persistence in collective events. Based on the minor categories, main categories and core categories of exercise persistence influencing factors, this paper puts forward a preliminary theoretical hypothesis of exercise persistence through grounded theory, that is, a four-stage model of exercise persistence process. This model delineates the process of individual exercise persistence. There are four stages: the first stage, the attempt to participate in the stage. In this stage, personality tendencies (mainly needs and motivations), exercise atmosphere, physiological factors, exercise conditions, characteristics of exercise activities and other factors on the individual attempt to participate in the behavior (including the current participation behavior or exercise history) have an impact. The second stage, the level of subjective experience. In this stage, participation behavior or exercise history, exercise activity characteristics (mainly collective, suitable for oneself, sports risk and attraction) have an impact on the subjective experience of the individual. The third stage, the stage of effect. In this stage, emotional and emotional experience, exercise strategy, personality psychological characteristics and social environment and other factors on the individual. Fourth stage, persistent exercise stage. In this stage, individual psychological characteristics, individual preferences, exercise strategies, cognition, exercise effect and social environment and other factors have an impact on individual persistent exercise behavior.
5. In view of the problems found in the study, some suggestions are put forward to improve the level of individual exercise persistence from three aspects: at the individual level, exercise strategies should be developed in accordance with their own conditions to form exercise ability; at the same time, personality traits should be cultivated and perfected to provide a stable driving force for exercise; at the same time, the characteristics of various exercise activities should be understood and the suitable ones should be selected. At the information level, health risk assessment activities should be carried out to provide timely feedback on physiological status indicators; mass media publicity activities should be carried out to guide the public to pay attention to health; public signs should be optimized to provide decision-making hints for exercise. To create a good social environment and provide an external motivation system for persistent exercise; to organize inter-agency cooperation to provide environment and policy support for individual persistent exercise; to improve the content and system of school physical education as an important foundation for national fitness.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：G249.2
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 吳波;我國心理健康服務(wù)方法的現(xiàn)狀研究[D];西南大學(xué);2012年
2 付道領(lǐng);初中生體育鍛煉行為的影響因素及作用機(jī)制研究[D];西南大學(xué);2012年
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