【摘要】：國(guó)家形象是一個(gè)國(guó)家綜合實(shí)力和國(guó)際地位的反映,是國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的重要組成部分和直觀體現(xiàn),是國(guó)家及其重要的無形資產(chǎn)。國(guó)家形象作為一種主觀印象,是人們對(duì)于一個(gè)國(guó)家及其民眾的心理預(yù)設(shè)。負(fù)面的國(guó)家形象,會(huì)使人排斥這個(gè)國(guó)家的相關(guān)信息；正面的國(guó)家形象能使人愿意用更親和的方式接納該國(guó)及其民眾的精神信息和物質(zhì)產(chǎn)品。公共外交的主要任務(wù)是運(yùn)用各種現(xiàn)代傳播工具,向世界介紹本國(guó)國(guó)情、解釋本國(guó)政府的政策與觀點(diǎn),消除他國(guó)公眾可能存在的誤解。通過展示本國(guó)文化和價(jià)值觀,積極影響他國(guó)公眾對(duì)本國(guó)的認(rèn)知,提升國(guó)家的形象和國(guó)際影響力,以維護(hù)本國(guó)的根本利益。公共外交是塑造國(guó)家形象的一個(gè)重要途徑,同時(shí)塑造良好的國(guó)際形象又是公共外交的重要目的之一,二者相輔相成,相互作用。 過去三十年里,中國(guó)的國(guó)家地位和國(guó)際影響力隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的飛速發(fā)展而發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,然而中國(guó)的國(guó)家形象卻沒有得到應(yīng)有的提升。由于中國(guó)的中國(guó)特色社會(huì)主義道路不同于歐美的資本主義道路,也不同于蘇聯(lián)的社會(huì)主義道路,世界對(duì)中國(guó)的理解仍然不足,意識(shí)形態(tài)的隔閡和東西方文化的差距影響西方政治力量和媒體對(duì)中國(guó)的正確認(rèn)識(shí),以至于中國(guó)在國(guó)際上的國(guó)家形象與中國(guó)實(shí)際不相符。很多國(guó)家的民眾對(duì)中國(guó)和中國(guó)人的看法還停留在二十年前,充滿著偏見和誤解,又或者忌憚中國(guó)快速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)和迅速上升的國(guó)際地位而宣揚(yáng)“中國(guó)威脅論”。如何在信息大爆炸的今天,向世界說明一個(gè)真實(shí)的中國(guó),讓世界更好的了解和認(rèn)識(shí)中國(guó)成為一個(gè)關(guān)系中國(guó)現(xiàn)代化進(jìn)程的重大課題。 本文從公共外交的視角出發(fā)研究中國(guó)國(guó)家形象構(gòu)建過程中取得成就和存在的問題,探尋如何通過完善公共外交來塑造和提升中國(guó)國(guó)家形象,其結(jié)構(gòu)如下： 第一部分先分別分析了公共外交與國(guó)家形象的基本概念,包括公共外交的起源與發(fā)展、組成部分、特點(diǎn)和作用,國(guó)家形象的含義、構(gòu)成要素、特點(diǎn)和作用等基本概念。然后分析出二者相輔相成、相互作用的關(guān)系。 第二部分先探討了近代以來中國(guó)公共外交發(fā)展歷程和階段特點(diǎn),中國(guó)國(guó)家公共外交體系的建立和完善的過程,然后分析了中國(guó)國(guó)家形象自十三世紀(jì)以來的七次演變,再以美國(guó)皮尤咨詢中心于2011年6月23日公布的一份的調(diào)查報(bào)告為主要依據(jù),分析中國(guó)國(guó)家形象的現(xiàn)狀和最近兩三年里的變化,分析中國(guó)國(guó)家形象中存在的問題,根據(jù)這些存在的問題探討中國(guó)國(guó)際形象的塑造的目標(biāo)和科學(xué)定位。 第三部分從三個(gè)角度出發(fā),以事實(shí)為例,探討中國(guó)公共外交在構(gòu)建國(guó)家形象過程中的各種嘗試,逐個(gè)分析取得的成就和存在的問題,然后針對(duì)這些存在的問題提出幾點(diǎn)加強(qiáng)公共外交塑造國(guó)家新形象的意見和建議。
[Abstract]:National image is a reflection of a country's comprehensive strength and international status, an important component and visual embodiment of national soft power, and a country and its important intangible assets. National image, as a subjective impression, is the psychological presupposition of a country and its people. A negative national image would exclude the country's relevant information; a positive national image would enable people to accept the spiritual information and material products of the country and its people in a more approachable manner. The main task of public diplomacy is to use various modern communication tools to introduce the national conditions to the world, to explain the policies and views of the government, and to eliminate the misunderstanding that may exist in the public of other countries. Through the display of national culture and values, the public's cognition of other countries is positively influenced, and the image and international influence of the country are promoted, so as to safeguard the fundamental interests of the country. Public diplomacy is an important way to shape the national image, and at the same time, to create a good international image is one of the important purposes of public diplomacy. They complement each other and interact with each other. In the past three decades, China's national status and international influence have changed dramatically with the rapid development of economy, but China's national image has not been promoted as it should. Since China's socialist road with Chinese characteristics is different from the capitalist road of Europe and the United States and the socialist road of the Soviet Union, the world still does not have enough understanding of China. The ideological estrangement and the cultural gap between the East and the West affect the correct understanding of China by the western political forces and the media, so that China's national image in the international arena is not in line with China's actual situation. People in many countries still hold their views on China and the Chinese 20 years ago, full of prejudices and misunderstandings, or preaching the "China threat" because of the fear of China's rapidly developing economy and rapidly rising international status. How to explain a real China to the world in today's information explosion, so that the world can better understand and understand China has become a major issue related to the process of China's modernization. From the perspective of public diplomacy, this paper studies the achievements and problems in the process of constructing China's national image, and explores how to mold and promote China's national image by perfecting public diplomacy. The structure is as follows: the first part analyzes the basic concepts of public diplomacy and national image, including the origin and development of public diplomacy, its components, characteristics and functions, the meaning of national image, and its constituent elements. Basic concepts such as characteristics and functions. Then the relationship between the two is analyzed. The second part first discusses the history and stage characteristics of China's public diplomacy since modern times, the process of the establishment and perfection of China's national public diplomacy system, and then analyzes the seven changes of China's national image since the thirteenth century. On the basis of a survey report published by the Pew Consulting Center on June 23, 2011, this paper analyzes the current situation of China's national image and changes in the past two to three years, and analyzes the problems existing in China's national image. According to these existing problems, this paper probes into the goal and scientific orientation of the shaping of China's international image. The third part from three angles, taking the fact as an example, discusses the various attempts in the process of constructing the national image of China's public diplomacy, and analyzes the achievements and existing problems one by one. Then it puts forward some suggestions and suggestions on how to strengthen public diplomacy to build a new image of the country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：延邊大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D820

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