【摘要】：中國(guó)是個(gè)有著廣闊海洋面積的臨海大國(guó),西太平洋北部海灣、良港、島嶼眾多,根據(jù)《聯(lián)合國(guó)海洋法公約》,中國(guó)擁有12海里領(lǐng)海包裹的海域,還有300萬平方公里的專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)的廣闊海域。然而,中國(guó)在歷史上由于輕視海洋,在近現(xiàn)代時(shí)期付出了慘痛的代價(jià),成為一個(gè)擁有強(qiáng)大海權(quán)的世界大國(guó)是每一個(gè)中國(guó)人所夢(mèng)寐以求的。21世紀(jì),陸地霸權(quán)已經(jīng)被現(xiàn)有的國(guó)際秩序固定,海洋領(lǐng)域的秩序?qū)⒏映蔀榇笮?guó)家爭(zhēng)奪的焦點(diǎn)。中國(guó)在這一輪秩序構(gòu)建中一定不能落后,接受海洋機(jī)制、參與海洋機(jī)制、制定海洋機(jī)制,中國(guó)應(yīng)扮演更重要的角色。 本文堅(jiān)持以馬克思主義為指導(dǎo),以歷史敘述與理論分析相結(jié)合的方法,本文通過對(duì)全球歷史范圍內(nèi)的中國(guó)參與國(guó)際海洋秩序進(jìn)程的梳理,對(duì)中國(guó)參與海洋秩序的理論基礎(chǔ)、歷史背景及內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行分析,以歷史為視角進(jìn)行研究,力圖對(duì)于我國(guó)的海洋戰(zhàn)略選擇做出應(yīng)對(duì)策略,以期對(duì)我國(guó)維護(hù)海洋權(quán)益、構(gòu)建海洋秩序有所啟示。在論述的過程中,作者以時(shí)間為順序,但是在每個(gè)部分中又力圖突出不同的側(cè)重主題。海洋秩序變遷的進(jìn)程如何?全世界范圍內(nèi)陸權(quán)如何轉(zhuǎn)化成海權(quán)?中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)地理觀念中對(duì)于海洋的認(rèn)識(shí)如何,難道都是持排斥的態(tài)度嗎?當(dāng)代中國(guó)與海洋秩序的互動(dòng)關(guān)系如何?影響中國(guó)參與海洋秩序的主要因素與困境是什么?在全球化、相互依賴日益加深的當(dāng)前,中國(guó)在海洋領(lǐng)域上將要做出什么樣的戰(zhàn)略選擇?這些重大問題,都是本文要關(guān)注的。 全文由導(dǎo)論和正文組成。導(dǎo)論部分交待了選題的意義、研究現(xiàn)狀、研究方法、創(chuàng)新之處以及重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)。 本論文內(nèi)容大體上以時(shí)間為線索,主要包括五個(gè)部分：第一,全球海洋秩序的形成。對(duì)于中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)地理觀念中的海洋觀、全球范圍內(nèi)陸權(quán)向海權(quán)的轉(zhuǎn)化以及太平洋地區(qū)海洋秩序的形成進(jìn)行分析。第二,冷戰(zhàn)初期新中國(guó)參與海洋秩序的實(shí)踐。這一部分主要分析冷戰(zhàn)時(shí)期的美蘇爭(zhēng)霸背景,以及新中國(guó)早期有限參與海洋秩序的情況。第三,全球化時(shí)代中國(guó)積極全面參與海洋秩序?qū)嵺`與國(guó)際機(jī)制構(gòu)建。這一部分是中國(guó)全方位、立體式參與海洋秩序的時(shí)期,本部分要探討中國(guó)這一個(gè)實(shí)體與國(guó)際海洋秩序的互動(dòng)關(guān)系。具體有當(dāng)代海洋秩序的演變(時(shí)代背景),國(guó)際海洋機(jī)制建設(shè)的新成就(機(jī)制背景),中國(guó)與國(guó)際海洋機(jī)制的互動(dòng)關(guān)系(中國(guó)參與制定規(guī)則和執(zhí)行情況,以及國(guó)際海洋機(jī)制在中國(guó)的參與之下有無發(fā)生變化),中國(guó)的海洋實(shí)踐活動(dòng)。第四,影響中國(guó)參與全球海洋秩序的因素分析。結(jié)合史實(shí),從中得出中國(guó)參與海洋秩序的規(guī)律性的因素分析,主要包括海洋領(lǐng)域的機(jī)制化制度化的趨勢(shì)影響,海權(quán)大國(guó)的影響,海洋領(lǐng)域新興國(guó)家與傳統(tǒng)國(guó)家的實(shí)力消長(zhǎng)之影響。第五,中國(guó)的海洋戰(zhàn)略選擇。根據(jù)全文的分析,給出中國(guó)未來的海洋戰(zhàn)略對(duì)策分析,做到理論與實(shí)踐的結(jié)合,有的放矢。
[Abstract]:China is a large coastal country with a vast sea area. It has a sea area of 12 nautical miles wrapped in its territorial waters, with a large number of islands in the northern western Pacific Ocean, good harbor, and numerous islands, according to the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). There are also 3 million square kilometers of exclusive economic zone of the vast area. However, because of its contempt for the sea in history, China has paid a heavy price in modern times. Becoming a world power with strong sea power is the dream of every Chinese in the 21st century. Land hegemony has been fixed by the existing international order. China must not lag behind in the construction of this order. China should play a more important role in accepting the ocean mechanism, participating in the ocean mechanism and making the ocean mechanism. Under the guidance of Marxism and the combination of historical narration and theoretical analysis, this paper, by combing the process of China's participation in the international marine order in the global historical scope, gives a theoretical basis for China's participation in the marine order. The historical background and connotation are analyzed and studied from the perspective of history in order to make some suggestions to our country's marine strategic choice in order to safeguard the rights and interests of the sea and to construct the marine order. In the process of discussion, the author takes time as the order, but tries to highlight different themes in each part. What is the process of the evolution of the marine order? How does the world's inland power translate into sea power? What is the understanding of the ocean in the traditional Chinese geographical concept? is it an attitude of exclusion? What is the interaction between contemporary China and the marine order? What are the main factors and difficulties that affect China's participation in the marine order? With globalization and deepening interdependence, what kind of strategic choices will China make in the field of ocean? All these important issues should be paid attention to in this paper. The full text is composed of introduction and text. The introduction explains the significance, research status, research methods, innovations, key points and difficulties. In this paper, time is the main clue, including five parts: first, the formation of the global marine order. This paper analyzes the ocean view in Chinese traditional geographical concept, the transformation from inland power to sea power and the formation of ocean order in the Pacific Ocean. Second, the practice of New China's participation in marine order in the early cold war. This part mainly analyzes the background of American and Soviet hegemony during the Cold War and the limited participation in marine order in the early days of New China. Third, in the era of globalization, China actively and fully participates in the practice of marine order and the construction of international mechanism. This part is the period in which China participated in the marine order in an all-round and three-dimensional manner. This part discusses the interactive relationship between China, an entity, and the international marine order. In particular, there are the evolution of the contemporary marine order (background of the times), the new achievements in the construction of the international ocean regime (the institutional background), the interaction between China and the international ocean regime (China's participation in rulemaking and implementation), And whether the international ocean mechanism has changed with China's participation), China's ocean practice. Fourth, the factors influencing China's participation in the global marine order. Combined with historical facts, this paper draws from the analysis of the regularity of China's participation in the marine order, mainly including the trend of institutionalization in the field of the sea, the influence of the great powers of sea power, The impact of the strength of emerging and traditional nations in the ocean. Fifth, China's maritime strategic choice. According to the analysis of the full text, this paper gives the analysis of China's future marine strategy, which combines theory with practice.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D820;D993.5

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