北極治理中原住民非政府組織的地位和作用
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-27 11:07
【摘要】：本文通過介紹北極地區(qū)原住民非政府組織在地區(qū)、國家和國際層面參與北極治理的分析，對原住民非政府組織在北極治理中的地位與作用加以闡釋，并試圖就原住民參與北極治理對全球治理產(chǎn)生的影響加以分析。當前，北極地區(qū)由于氣候變化導致的資源利用的可能性大大增加，北極國家加強了對北極的爭奪。如何實現(xiàn)北極的有效治理成為了當前北極地區(qū)重要的問題。北極地區(qū)的原住民在與北極極端氣候長期的斗爭中，逐步形成了適應(yīng)北極氣候、環(huán)境的原住民文化。冷戰(zhàn)后北極地區(qū)的國際合作逐漸增強，北極原住民非政府組織也不斷增多，它們的活動也日益活躍，并積極參與到事關(guān)原住民切身利益的北極區(qū)域治理中。作為北極地區(qū)最主要合作機制，北極理事會在北極治理中發(fā)揮了極其重要的作用，北極原住民非政府組織不僅參與了北極理事會成立的籌備工作，還積極參與到理事會下設(shè)各個工作組的各項工作之中。在環(huán)境保護與可持續(xù)發(fā)展、資源共管、自治運動等區(qū)域治理活動，北極原住民非政府組織代表原住民發(fā)出他們的聲音，提出他們的觀點。在原住民非政府組織的積極努力下，原住民知識在北極治理中的作用被充分認識到，并被廣泛運用到理事會的各項評估報告中。原住民非政府組織的參與有效地提升了原住民的權(quán)利。 在全球治理進程中，北極原住民非政府組織在涉及北極治理以及北極原住民權(quán)利保護方面發(fā)揮了積極作用。在聯(lián)合國起草的原住民族權(quán)利宣言的過程，北極原住民非政府組織廣泛而又深入的參與到草案的起草與修改過程中，堅決的捍衛(wèi)了原住民的應(yīng)有權(quán)利。原住民非政府組織已經(jīng)成為北極治理中一個重要的角色，這一事實也為中國參與北極治理提供了有益的啟示。中國在北極治理進程中，不僅要關(guān)注與北極國家的關(guān)系，也要尋求與原住民非政府組織之間建立良好的合作關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:By introducing the analysis of the participation of aboriginal NGOs in Arctic governance at the regional, national and international levels, this paper explains the status and role of aboriginal NGOs in Arctic governance. This paper attempts to analyze the impact of aboriginal participation in Arctic governance on global governance. At present, Arctic countries have intensified their competition for the Arctic as a result of the increased possibility of resource utilization due to climate change. How to realize the effective governance of the Arctic has become an important issue in the current Arctic region. In the long struggle with the Arctic extreme climate, the Arctic aborigines gradually formed the aboriginal culture adapted to the Arctic climate and environment. After the Cold War, the international cooperation in the Arctic region has been gradually strengthened, and the number of Arctic Aboriginal non-governmental organizations has been increasing, and their activities have become increasingly active, and they have been actively involved in the Arctic regional governance, which concerns the vital interests of the indigenous peoples. As the main cooperation mechanism in the Arctic region, the Arctic Council has played an extremely important role in Arctic governance, and the Arctic Aboriginal non-governmental organizations have not only participated in the preparatory work for the establishment of the Arctic Council, It is also actively involved in the work of the working groups established under the Council. In regional governance activities such as environmental protection and sustainable development, co-management of resources, autonomous movements, and other regional governance activities, Arctic Aboriginal non-governmental organizations make their voices heard and put forward their views on behalf of aboriginal peoples. The role of indigenous knowledge in Arctic governance is fully recognized and widely used in the Council's assessment reports as a result of the active efforts of Aboriginal non-governmental organizations. The participation of Aboriginal NGOs effectively promotes Aboriginal rights. In the process of global governance, Arctic Aboriginal NGOs have played an active role in the protection of Arctic governance and the rights of Arctic aborigines. In the process of the declaration of aboriginal peoples' rights drafted by the United Nations, the Arctic Aboriginal NGOs participated extensively and deeply in the process of drafting and revising the draft, and resolutely defended the rights of aboriginal peoples. The fact that aboriginal NGOs have become an important role in Arctic governance also provides a useful inspiration for China's participation in Arctic governance. In the process of Arctic governance, China should not only focus on its relations with Arctic countries, but also seek to establish good cooperative relations with aboriginal NGOs.
【學位授予單位】：上海國際問題研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D815
本文編號：2207089
[Abstract]:By introducing the analysis of the participation of aboriginal NGOs in Arctic governance at the regional, national and international levels, this paper explains the status and role of aboriginal NGOs in Arctic governance. This paper attempts to analyze the impact of aboriginal participation in Arctic governance on global governance. At present, Arctic countries have intensified their competition for the Arctic as a result of the increased possibility of resource utilization due to climate change. How to realize the effective governance of the Arctic has become an important issue in the current Arctic region. In the long struggle with the Arctic extreme climate, the Arctic aborigines gradually formed the aboriginal culture adapted to the Arctic climate and environment. After the Cold War, the international cooperation in the Arctic region has been gradually strengthened, and the number of Arctic Aboriginal non-governmental organizations has been increasing, and their activities have become increasingly active, and they have been actively involved in the Arctic regional governance, which concerns the vital interests of the indigenous peoples. As the main cooperation mechanism in the Arctic region, the Arctic Council has played an extremely important role in Arctic governance, and the Arctic Aboriginal non-governmental organizations have not only participated in the preparatory work for the establishment of the Arctic Council, It is also actively involved in the work of the working groups established under the Council. In regional governance activities such as environmental protection and sustainable development, co-management of resources, autonomous movements, and other regional governance activities, Arctic Aboriginal non-governmental organizations make their voices heard and put forward their views on behalf of aboriginal peoples. The role of indigenous knowledge in Arctic governance is fully recognized and widely used in the Council's assessment reports as a result of the active efforts of Aboriginal non-governmental organizations. The participation of Aboriginal NGOs effectively promotes Aboriginal rights. In the process of global governance, Arctic Aboriginal NGOs have played an active role in the protection of Arctic governance and the rights of Arctic aborigines. In the process of the declaration of aboriginal peoples' rights drafted by the United Nations, the Arctic Aboriginal NGOs participated extensively and deeply in the process of drafting and revising the draft, and resolutely defended the rights of aboriginal peoples. The fact that aboriginal NGOs have become an important role in Arctic governance also provides a useful inspiration for China's participation in Arctic governance. In the process of Arctic governance, China should not only focus on its relations with Arctic countries, but also seek to establish good cooperative relations with aboriginal NGOs.
【學位授予單位】：上海國際問題研究院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：D815
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