【摘要】：新中國建國以后，中美關系的發(fā)展一直是國際社會關注的焦點。受冷戰(zhàn)、意識形態(tài)等因素的影響，杜魯門政府對新中國實施“威懾”戰(zhàn)略政策，目的是通過政治孤立、經(jīng)濟封鎖、軍事包圍等手段，威脅新中國政權，，遏制新中國發(fā)展。杜魯門政府這一做法不僅使中美關系走向了對抗，而且影響了之后美國歷屆政府的對華政策。因此，研究這一時期美國對華政策，對于理解之后中美關系的發(fā)展意義將是不言而喻的，而本文研究的目的也在于此。 本文共分為四個章節(jié)。第一章主要是介紹威懾戰(zhàn)略的感念及其構成要素。其次，重點介紹了威懾戰(zhàn)略思想在美國決策層的初步形成。第二章介紹戰(zhàn)后美國在東亞政策的調(diào)整及其對華政策的演變。最終美國出于利益的考慮，對新中國實施威懾戰(zhàn)略，遏制新中國的發(fā)展。主要論述美國對新中國實施威懾戰(zhàn)略的原因，說明中美關系之所以緊張、敵對，美國是要負主要責任的。第三章論述美國對新中國實施威懾戰(zhàn)略所造成的影響。戰(zhàn)后亞太地區(qū)的動蕩、新中國對外政策的制定與國內(nèi)發(fā)展，甚至之后美國歷屆政府的對外政策都無不受此影響，可謂是影響深遠。最后在本文結(jié)論部分，闡述個人的一些認識與觀點，總結(jié)了中美關系發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗教訓，希望對未來中美關系的發(fā)展起到良好的借鑒作用。
[Abstract]:Since the founding of the people's Republic of China, the development of Sino-US relations has been the focus of international attention. Under the influence of cold war, ideology and other factors, Truman government carried out the strategic policy of "deterrence" against the new China, with the aim of threatening the new Chinese regime and containing the development of the new China by means of political isolation, economic blockade and military encirclement. Truman's approach not only led to confrontation between China and the United States, but also affected the policy toward China of successive American administrations. Therefore, it is self-evident to study the American policy toward China in this period, and the purpose of this study is to understand the significance of the development of Sino-US relations. This paper is divided into four chapters. The first chapter mainly introduces the feeling of deterrence strategy and its constituent elements. Secondly, it mainly introduces the initial formation of deterrence strategy in the decision-making level of the United States. The second chapter introduces the adjustment of American policy in East Asia and the evolution of its China policy after the war. Finally, for the benefit of the United States, the United States to implement the new China deterrence strategy to curb the development of new China. This paper mainly discusses the reasons why the United States implements the deterrent strategy against the new China, and explains that the United States should bear the primary responsibility for the tension and hostility between China and the United States. The third chapter discusses the impact of the United States on the implementation of the new China deterrence strategy. The turbulence in the Asia-Pacific region after the war, the formulation of the new China's foreign policy and its domestic development, and even the foreign policy of the successive American governments have all been affected by this, which can be said to be far-reaching. Finally, in the conclusion of this paper, the author expounds some personal cognition and views, summarizes the experience and lessons of the development of Sino-US relations, and hopes to play a good reference role in the future development of Sino-US relations.
【學位授予單位】：湖南科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：D871.2

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