本文選題：中美關(guān)系 + 經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系��； 參考：《中共中央黨�！�2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：2008年始于華爾街的次貸危機(jī)席卷全球，中國在這次應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)的過程中彰顯出經(jīng)濟(jì)的巨大潛力，，美國既想借重中國的“東風(fēng)”，又不樂見中國發(fā)展強(qiáng)盛。因此本文的寫作是基于這樣的事實(shí)：在這種微妙的中美關(guān)系中，經(jīng)貿(mào)一直作為穩(wěn)定中美關(guān)系的重要砝碼，但是美國白宮、國會(huì)參眾兩院、利益集團(tuán)在其中扮演不同的角色。他們的看法、意見和要求極大地影響著美國政府對(duì)華經(jīng)濟(jì)政策的走向。三十年的風(fēng)雨歷程表明，美國基本上處于“攻勢(shì)”，中方基本上處于“守勢(shì)”。 本文分為五部分，第一章歸納總結(jié)中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的總體情況，在經(jīng)濟(jì)全球化的背景下嘗試分析當(dāng)經(jīng)濟(jì)上的關(guān)系漸趨平等時(shí)，如何從中美關(guān)系的戰(zhàn)略定位中發(fā)掘經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系的動(dòng)向，通過對(duì)圖表直觀、清晰的分析把握中美經(jīng)貿(mào)的走向和變化。 第二章分析白宮在中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系中的立場(chǎng)變化，總統(tǒng)往往能夠前瞻性地、理性地看待經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系，但是白宮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下的行政部門受到利益集團(tuán)的影響只從該部門所代表的利益出發(fā)，以達(dá)到在總統(tǒng)的直接領(lǐng)導(dǎo)下影響總統(tǒng)的決定之目的，促進(jìn)或是阻礙雙邊關(guān)系，給雙邊貿(mào)易的發(fā)展制造各種問題，本章列舉了具體案例來展現(xiàn)各部門在經(jīng)濟(jì)利益與國家安全利益方面的對(duì)決。 第三章主要從國會(huì)入手，國會(huì)自詡“代表美國人民利益”，在冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束后越來越多的卷入對(duì)華經(jīng)濟(jì)政策中，本章從影響參眾兩院議員選舉的角色定位和競選籌資、國會(huì)內(nèi)部的政黨政治兩個(gè)角度分析議員在對(duì)華經(jīng)濟(jì)政策上的立場(chǎng)。 第四章對(duì)利益集團(tuán)進(jìn)行分類研究，經(jīng)貿(mào)類、勞工類、意識(shí)形態(tài)類、政治保守派等是如何影響對(duì)華經(jīng)貿(mào)決策的。利益集團(tuán)利用PAC對(duì)國會(huì)和白宮進(jìn)行游說，以達(dá)到其所要達(dá)到的目的，“旋轉(zhuǎn)門”現(xiàn)象的存在為其成功游說奠定了基礎(chǔ)，列舉證明在中國PNTR法案案例中，各利益集團(tuán)是如何游說國會(huì)和白宮。 結(jié)束語在總結(jié)全文的基礎(chǔ)上,試圖找出一些白宮、國會(huì)、利益集團(tuán)與中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系之間的規(guī)律，并對(duì)中美關(guān)系的未來發(fā)展予以展望，力圖從中得出結(jié)論，促使中美經(jīng)貿(mào)關(guān)系更好的向前發(fā)展，符合中美兩國人民的根本利益。
[Abstract]:China's response to the subprime mortgage crisis that began on Wall Street in 2008 has highlighted the huge potential of its economy, with the United States trying to capitalize on China's "east wind" and not to see China strong. Therefore, the writing of this paper is based on the fact that in this delicate Sino-US relationship, economy and trade have always played an important role in stabilizing Sino-US relations, but the White House, the Senate and House of Representatives, and interest groups play different roles. Their views, opinions and demands greatly affect the direction of the US government's economic policy toward China. Three decades of wind and rain show that the United States is basically on the offensive and the Chinese are basically on the defensive. This paper is divided into five parts. The first chapter summarizes the overall situation of Sino-US economic and trade relations, tries to analyze how to explore the trend of economic and trade relations in the strategic positioning of Sino-US relations when economic relations are gradually becoming equal under the background of economic globalization. Through intuitive and clear analysis of the chart, grasp the trend and changes of Sino-American economy and trade. The second chapter analyzes the changes in the White House's position in Sino-US economic and trade relations. The President is often able to look forward and rationally on economic and trade relations, but the administration under the leadership of the White House is influenced by interest groups only from the interests represented by the department. In order to achieve the purpose of influencing the decisions of the President under the direct leadership of the President, to promote or obstruct bilateral relations and to create problems for the development of bilateral trade, This chapter enumerates the concrete cases to show each department in the economic interest and the national security interest aspect confrontation. The third chapter mainly starts with the Congress, which claims to "represent the interests of the American people." since the end of the Cold War, more and more people have been involved in economic policies towards China. This chapter focuses on the role orientation and campaign financing that affect the election of members of the Senate and House of Representatives. Party politics inside Congress analyzes the position of congressmen on economic policy toward China. The fourth chapter makes a classification of interest groups, including economic and trade, labor, ideology, political conservatives and so on how to influence economic and trade decisions with China. Interest groups use PAC to lobby Congress and the White House to achieve what they want to achieve. The existence of the "revolving door" phenomenon has laid the foundation for their successful lobbying, citing evidence in the case of China's PNTR Act. How interest groups lobby Congress and the White House. On the basis of summing up the full text, the concluding remarks attempt to find out some laws between the White House, Congress, interest groups and Sino-US economic and trade relations, and to look forward to the future development of Sino-US relations, and try to draw conclusions from them. It is in the fundamental interests of the people of China and the United States to promote better economic and trade relations between China and the United States.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：F125.5;D871.2

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本文編號(hào)：1983120