本文選題：美國(guó) + 越南��； 參考：《復(fù)旦大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：正�；詠�(lái),美越關(guān)系取得了較快的發(fā)展。近年來(lái),隨著美國(guó)“重返亞太”戰(zhàn)略的出臺(tái)及中越南海主權(quán)爭(zhēng)端的高漲,美越軍事關(guān)系加速發(fā)展,引起較大的關(guān)注。本文在總結(jié)正常化以來(lái)美越軍事關(guān)系發(fā)展脈絡(luò)的基礎(chǔ)上,試圖歸納其特點(diǎn),分析其促進(jìn)因素及阻礙因素,并對(duì)其未來(lái)走向進(jìn)行預(yù)測(cè)。正�；詠�(lái),美越軍事關(guān)系大概經(jīng)歷了三個(gè)發(fā)展階段。1995年至1999年是美越軍事關(guān)系的有限接觸期。在這一階段,零星的高官互訪與交流特別是兩國(guó)在處理戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)遺留問(wèn)題上的合作增進(jìn)了相互的了解,有利于雙方準(zhǔn)確地把握對(duì)方的意圖。但這一階段兩國(guó)的軍事關(guān)系是極其有限的。2000年至2007年是美越軍事關(guān)系的深化交往期。2000年科恩和克林頓對(duì)越南的訪問(wèn)大大加速了兩國(guó)軍事關(guān)系的發(fā)展,兩國(guó)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人的互訪逐漸增多并日益機(jī)制化。2003年美國(guó)“范德格里夫特”驅(qū)逐艦對(duì)越南的訪問(wèn)開(kāi)啟了美越“艦艇外交”的序幕,2005年越南加入美國(guó)國(guó)際軍事教育與培訓(xùn)項(xiàng)目使得兩國(guó)軍事關(guān)系進(jìn)入了務(wù)實(shí)合作的階段。2008年之后,隨著奧巴馬上臺(tái)后美國(guó)“重返亞太”戰(zhàn)略的出臺(tái)及中越南海主權(quán)爭(zhēng)端的高漲,美越軍事關(guān)系進(jìn)一步加強(qiáng)。兩國(guó)軍事領(lǐng)域的雙邊和多邊對(duì)話與合作機(jī)制開(kāi)始發(fā)展,軍事醫(yī)學(xué)、民用核能等也成為兩國(guó)在軍事領(lǐng)域務(wù)實(shí)合作的亮點(diǎn)。正�；詠�(lái),美越軍事關(guān)系總體上是不斷發(fā)展的,但總體來(lái)看,雙邊軍事關(guān)系水平不高,具有明顯的實(shí)用主義色彩。正常化以來(lái)特別是近年來(lái)美越軍事關(guān)系的發(fā)展是多種因素綜合作用的結(jié)果。美國(guó)在“重返亞太”戰(zhàn)略的背景下更加重視越南,而革新開(kāi)放后的越南渴望加強(qiáng)與西方的聯(lián)系,以促進(jìn)本國(guó)現(xiàn)代化特別是軍事領(lǐng)域的現(xiàn)代化,而南海主權(quán)爭(zhēng)端更促使其拉攏域外大國(guó)以制衡中國(guó)。同時(shí),美越軍事關(guān)系也存在較大的障礙,人權(quán)問(wèn)題、戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)遺留問(wèn)題、對(duì)中國(guó)的顧忌和缺乏互信都阻礙了雙邊軍事關(guān)系的發(fā)展。此外,美國(guó)越南族群的政治游說(shuō)和越南國(guó)內(nèi)的民族主義對(duì)美越軍事關(guān)系的發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了影響�？梢灶A(yù)見(jiàn),未來(lái)美越軍事關(guān)系可能會(huì)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展,但存在難以突破的瓶頸,美國(guó)重返金蘭灣的愿望難以實(shí)現(xiàn),而美國(guó)也不大可能完全解除對(duì)越軍售限制。同時(shí),國(guó)內(nèi)問(wèn)題的壓力和全球與地區(qū)局勢(shì)的變化使得兩國(guó)有可能調(diào)整政策,雙方的吸引力存在下降的可能。盡管如此,非傳統(tǒng)安全領(lǐng)域可能成為未來(lái)美越軍事合作的重點(diǎn)。中國(guó)是美越軍事關(guān)系的重要第三方,美越軍事關(guān)系的發(fā)展不可避免地對(duì)中國(guó)產(chǎn)生影響。中國(guó)要堅(jiān)定不移地走和平發(fā)展道路,求同存異,大力發(fā)展與美國(guó)的新型大國(guó)關(guān)系和與越南的“四好關(guān)系”。
[Abstract]:Since normalization, US-Vietnam relations have made relatively rapid development. In recent years, with the introduction of the "return to the Asia-Pacific" strategy and the rising sovereignty dispute between China and Vietnam in the South China Sea, the military relations between the United States and Vietnam have accelerated development and attracted great attention. On the basis of summing up the development of military relations between the United States and Vietnam since normalization, this paper attempts to sum up its characteristics, analyze its promoting and hindering factors, and predict its future trend. Since the normalization of military relations between the United States and Vietnam, the military relations between the United States and Vietnam have probably undergone three stages of development. The period from 1995 to 1999 is a period of limited contact between the United States and Vietnam. At this stage, the sporadic exchange of visits and exchanges between senior officials, especially the cooperation between the two countries in handling issues left over by the war, has enhanced mutual understanding and helped both sides accurately grasp each other's intentions. However, the military relations between the two countries at this stage are extremely limited. The period from 2000 to 2007 is a period of deepening exchanges between the United States and Vietnam. The visit of Cohen and Clinton to Vietnam in 2000 has greatly accelerated the development of military relations between the two countries. The exchange of visits between the leaders of the two countries has gradually increased and become increasingly institutionalized. The visit of the US destroyer van der Griff to Vietnam in 2003 opened the prelude of "naval diplomacy" between the United States and Vietnam, and Vietnam joined the United States in international military education and training in 2005. The project has brought the military relationship between the two countries into a phase of practical cooperation. After 2008, With the introduction of the U.S. "return to the Asia-Pacific" strategy after Obama took office and the rising sovereignty dispute between China and Vietnam in the South China Sea, US-Vietnam military relations have been further strengthened. Bilateral and multilateral dialogue and cooperation mechanisms in the military field between the two countries have begun to develop, and military medicine and civil nuclear energy have also become the highlight of pragmatic cooperation between the two countries in the military field. Since normalization, the military relations between the United States and Vietnam have been developing continuously, but on the whole, the level of bilateral military relations is not high and has obvious pragmatism. The development of US-Vietnam military relations since normalization, especially in recent years, is the result of many factors. In the context of the "return to the Asia-Pacific" strategy, the United States attaches greater importance to Viet Nam, which is eager to strengthen its ties with the West in order to promote its modernization, especially in the military field. The South China Sea sovereignty dispute urges it to attract foreign powers to check and balance China. At the same time, there are also major obstacles to US-Vietnam military relations. Human rights issues, problems left over by the war, scruples to China and lack of mutual trust have all hindered the development of bilateral military relations. In addition, the political lobbying of the Vietnamese ethnic groups and nationalism in Vietnam had an impact on the development of military relations between the United States and Vietnam. It can be predicted that military relations between the United States and Vietnam may develop further in the future, but there are bottlenecks that are difficult to break through, the desire of the United States to return to Jinlan Bay is difficult to realize, and it is unlikely that the United States will completely lift the restrictions on arms sales to Vietnam. At the same time, pressure on domestic issues and changes in the global and regional situation have made it possible for the two countries to adjust their policies, and there is a possibility that the attractiveness of both countries will decline. Nevertheless, non-traditional security is likely to be the focus of future US-Vietnam military cooperation. China is an important third party in the military relations between the United States and Vietnam, and the development of military relations between the United States and Vietnam inevitably has an impact on China. China should unswervingly follow the road of peaceful development, seek common ground while reserving differences, and vigorously develop new relations with the United States and "four good relations" with Vietnam.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D871.2;D833.3;E16

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