論反雇傭軍使用的規(guī)范及國際規(guī)制
發(fā)布時間:2018-04-20 12:13
本文選題:雇傭軍 + 規(guī)范; 參考:《外交學(xué)院》2012年碩士論文
【摘要】:雇傭軍是指那些處于低程度國家控制以及沒有合理動機的戰(zhàn)斗人員。雇傭軍在起始階段基本上是散兵游勇式的個人雇傭軍行為,后來國家禁止個人的雇傭軍活動,采用“國家對國家”的商業(yè)行為方式,19世紀晚期公民軍隊成為標準之后雇傭軍一度銷聲匿跡,直至20世紀60年代雇傭軍才又開始在非洲出現(xiàn),在90年代轉(zhuǎn)型為私營軍事公司在國際舞臺上大顯身手。反雇傭軍使用規(guī)范起源于12至14世紀,其后經(jīng)歷了三次轉(zhuǎn)變,第一次是主權(quán)國家放棄與獨立雇傭軍合作并開始使用常備軍,同時雇傭軍的國際交換成為“國家對國家”的商業(yè)形式,,第二次是主權(quán)國家停止“國家對國家”的雇傭軍貿(mào)易,只讓本國公民加入軍隊,反雇傭軍使用規(guī)范在這個階段實質(zhì)上已經(jīng)內(nèi)化,第三次是在20世紀60年代,國際社會制定規(guī)制雇傭軍使用的國際法。雖然反雇傭軍使用規(guī)范很強大,但由于法律中高度強調(diào)非洲國家的利益、強規(guī)范可能產(chǎn)生弱國際法以及反雇傭軍使用規(guī)范與其他規(guī)范相沖突等原因,反雇傭軍使用的國際規(guī)制體系很不完善且效力有限。
[Abstract]:Mercenaries are combatants who are in low state control and have no reasonable motivation. Mercenaries were, at the outset, essentially individual mercenary acts in the form of scattered soldiers, and subsequently the State prohibited individual mercenary activities. The use of "State-to-State" commercial practices and the disappearance of mercenaries in the late 19th century, when civil armies became the norm, did not begin to emerge in Africa until the 1960s, In the 1990 s, it was transformed into a private military company with a strong presence on the international stage. The norm against the use of mercenaries originated in the 12th to 14th centuries and has undergone three subsequent transformations, the first of which was the abandonment by sovereign States of cooperation with independent mercenaries and the beginning of the use of standing forces. At the same time, the international exchange of mercenaries has become a commercial form of "State-to-State", the second time when sovereign States stop the "State-to-State" mercenary trade and only allow their citizens to join the army. The anti-mercenary norms have been internalized in essence at this stage, and the third time was in the 1960s, when the international community formulated the international law to regulate the use of mercenaries. Although the norm against the use of mercenaries is very strong, due to the high emphasis placed on the interests of African States in the law, strong norms may give rise to weak international law and conflict between the norms on the use of mercenaries and other norms, The international system of anti-mercenary use is imperfect and limited.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2012
【分類號】:D815
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前10條
1 王宏偉;私人軍事公司的興起原因及發(fā)展前景[J];國際論壇;2005年03期
2 張惠蘭;駐香港廓爾喀兵的由來[J];當代亞太;1997年03期
3 牛寶成;悄然興起的“戰(zhàn)爭服務(wù)公司”[J];環(huán)球軍事;2002年05期
4 王秀梅;;雇傭軍、私營軍事公司與非洲[J];理論觀察;2009年04期
5 葉鳳剛;;論晚清雇傭軍的歷史影響[J];菏澤學(xué)院學(xué)報;2005年06期
6 葉鳳剛;論中外對晚清雇傭軍之重視與利用[J];前沿;2005年09期
7 趙長峰;薛亞梅;;羅伯特·基歐漢的國際合作思想[J];社會主義研究;2006年05期
8 閻文虎;論國外雇傭軍對我國安全的影響[J];世界經(jīng)濟與政治論壇;2002年04期
9 王秀梅;;私營軍事公司及其國際規(guī)制問題初探[J];河南省政法管理干部學(xué)院學(xué)報;2009年04期
10 陳日華;;中古英格蘭國家軍事力量的構(gòu)成[J];天津師范大學(xué)學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2006年06期
本文編號:1777696
本文鏈接:http://www.sikaile.net/shekelunwen/waijiao/1777696.html
最近更新
教材專著