本文選題：美元霸權(quán)　切入點(diǎn)：特里芬困境　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2010年博士論文

【摘要】： 貨幣是經(jīng)濟(jì)的命脈,經(jīng)濟(jì)是綜合國力的基礎(chǔ)。要了解一個國家的實(shí)力,就必須了解它的貨幣。在一個由個別或者少數(shù)國家貨幣占主導(dǎo)地位的世界,不了解這個或這些國家的貨幣,無法準(zhǔn)確評估發(fā)行國的經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力和綜合國力,而這些恰恰主宰著世界范圍內(nèi)大國權(quán)力的分配和此消彼長,無法從根本上把握這個世界的經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治格局的演變。 第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,美國世界霸權(quán)開始建立,其基礎(chǔ)是經(jīng)濟(jì)霸權(quán),而經(jīng)濟(jì)霸權(quán)確立的支柱之一是源于美元強(qiáng)勢地位的建立和以布雷頓森林體系、牙買加體系為主導(dǎo)的美元霸權(quán)體系的最終確立,這為美國稱霸世界提供了堅(jiān)實(shí)的貨幣霸權(quán)基礎(chǔ)。在21世紀(jì)初期,尤其席卷世界范圍的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)出現(xiàn)后,美元堅(jiān)挺地位松動,美元霸權(quán)體系日漸衰落已不可避免,因此,美國霸權(quán)護(hù)持戰(zhàn)略的基礎(chǔ)便是美元霸權(quán)體系的重振和護(hù)持。 當(dāng)代的經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)已經(jīng)使世界越來越多的國家意識到美元霸權(quán)危機(jī)的出現(xiàn),其固有弊端無窮,美元作為現(xiàn)有唯一的世界儲備貨幣始終無法做到在為世界提供流動性的同時確保幣值的穩(wěn)定,“特里芬困境”始終存在。 作為一種國際儲備及計(jì)價貨幣,美元并非僅是政治角力的結(jié)果,而更多是市場選擇的使然。以美元為中心的國際貨幣體系是通過一系列條約來實(shí)現(xiàn)的。它是通過美國向全球提供市場開放的方式來實(shí)現(xiàn)的,而美國金融市場的效率支持了美元國際化。當(dāng)然,美元作為國際貨幣,更重要的還在于美國國家經(jīng)濟(jì)競爭力,在于美國綜合國力,美元霸權(quán)支配美國霸權(quán)。 1973年隨著美國放棄金本位制,布雷頓森林體系解體。然而,美元霸權(quán)并沒有因此瓦解,美元依然是世界唯一合法性儲備貨幣,充當(dāng)國際結(jié)算的唯一貨幣單位。美元的獨(dú)特性使美國獲得極大的市場利益,占據(jù)有利于自身的世界資源。在鞏固美國霸權(quán)的同時壓制了其他經(jīng)濟(jì)體平等共享世界資源,抑制世界經(jīng)濟(jì)均衡發(fā)
[Abstract]:Money is the lifeblood of the economy, and the economy is the basis of comprehensive national strength.To understand a country's strength, one must know its currency.In a world dominated by the currencies of individual or few countries, it is impossible to accurately assess the economic strength and overall national strength of the issuing countries without knowing the currencies of this or these countries.And these just dominate the distribution of power in the world, unable to fundamentally grasp the evolution of the world's economic and political structure.After the second World War, American world hegemony began to be established, which was based on economic hegemony, and one of the pillars of economic hegemony was the establishment of the strong position of the dollar and the Bretton Woods system.The final establishment of the dollar hegemony system dominated by the Jamaican system provides a solid monetary hegemony foundation for the United States to dominate the world.In the early 21st century, especially after the worldwide economic crisis emerged, the strong position of the dollar loosened, the decline of the dollar hegemony system is inevitable, therefore,The foundation of American hegemonic defense strategy is the revival and preservation of US dollar hegemony system.The contemporary economic crisis has made more and more countries in the world aware of the emergence of the hegemonic crisis of the United States dollar, with its inherent drawbacks,The dollar, as the world's only reserve currency, has never been able to provide liquidity to the world while ensuring stability, and the Triffin dilemma remains.As an international reserve and currency, the dollar is not just the result of political wrangling, but more of a market choice.The dollar-centric international monetary system is achieved through a series of treaties.It is achieved through the opening up of U.S. markets to the world, and the efficiency of U.S. financial markets supports the internationalisation of the dollar.Of course, as an international currency, the dollar also depends more importantly on the national economic competitiveness of the United States, the overall national strength of the United States, and the hegemony of the dollar dominating the hegemony of the United States.The Bretton Woods system fell apart in 1973 as the United States abandoned the gold standard.However, the hegemony of the dollar has not collapsed. The dollar remains the world's only legitimate reserve currency and serves as the only currency unit for international settlement.The uniqueness of the dollar allows the United States to gain great market benefits and occupy its own world resources.While consolidating US hegemony, it suppresses the equal sharing of world resources among other economies and inhibits the balanced development of the world economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號】：D80

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