本文選題：第二次朝核危機(jī)后　切入點(diǎn)：對(duì)朝政策　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2011年碩士論文

【摘要】：韓中兩國(guó)于1992年建交后,由朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)時(shí)期起開始的敵對(duì)關(guān)系逐步發(fā)展為友好合作關(guān)系。建交當(dāng)時(shí),韓中兩國(guó)之間在政治、文化、意識(shí)形態(tài)等方面還存在一些差異,韓中關(guān)系發(fā)展初期主要集中在經(jīng)濟(jì)方面。在韓國(guó),金大中和盧武鉉總統(tǒng)上臺(tái)后采取對(duì)朝友好政策——“陽(yáng)光政策”、“和平繁榮政策”。從那時(shí)起,韓中關(guān)系取得了進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。 2002年第二次朝核危機(jī)爆發(fā)時(shí),正值韓國(guó)盧武鉉政府上臺(tái)時(shí)期。韓國(guó)政府雖然堅(jiān)持對(duì)朝友好政策,但是這次朝核危機(jī)使韓國(guó)民眾感到對(duì)朝鮮的不信任。因此,韓國(guó)政府在對(duì)朝政策上面臨不少的困難,受到了嚴(yán)厲的批評(píng)。中國(guó)彼時(shí)也恰逢新領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人胡錦濤主席上任之初。中國(guó)政府在這次朝核危機(jī)中采取了積極介入的政策,而且建立了“朝核六方會(huì)談”機(jī)制并在會(huì)談進(jìn)程中一直發(fā)揮主導(dǎo)和積極的斡旋作用。中朝關(guān)系也逐漸恢復(fù)了以往的傳統(tǒng)友好關(guān)系,包括領(lǐng)導(dǎo)層的交流在內(nèi)的兩國(guó)政府之間和黨際交流都開始活躍了。 2008年韓國(guó)李明博總統(tǒng)上臺(tái)后,韓中關(guān)系發(fā)生了變化。雖然韓中兩國(guó)之間建立了“戰(zhàn)略合作伙伴關(guān)系”,但是新任韓國(guó)政府更重視恢復(fù)韓美同盟關(guān)系。中國(guó)政府也重視恢復(fù)中朝傳統(tǒng)友好關(guān)系。韓中關(guān)系的發(fā)展面臨嚴(yán)重的挑戰(zhàn)。筆者認(rèn)為,2010年發(fā)生的“天安艦沉沒事件”和“延坪島炮擊事件”表明韓中兩國(guó)仍需要在對(duì)朝政策上的合作與相互理解。 對(duì)朝鮮來(lái)說(shuō),現(xiàn)在是關(guān)鍵的時(shí)刻。朝鮮領(lǐng)導(dǎo)人金正日剛剛過了70周歲,他的接班人金正恩還沒掌握穩(wěn)定的接班基礎(chǔ)。韓中兩國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮都有著特殊的戰(zhàn)略和安全利益。對(duì)韓國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),韓朝雙方是有著同樣的語(yǔ)言、文化和歷史的同一個(gè)民族,是要統(tǒng)一的對(duì)象。對(duì)中國(guó)來(lái)說(shuō),中朝雙方都是社會(huì)主義國(guó)家、朝鮮戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的盟友,在《中朝友好合作互助條約》上有著軍事援助義務(wù)的特殊關(guān)系。還有,韓中兩國(guó)都與朝鮮接壤。如果朝鮮發(fā)生體制崩潰等巨變的話,韓中兩國(guó)都會(huì)受到的巨大的影響。因此,韓中兩國(guó)的對(duì)朝政策合作很大程度上確實(shí)是必要的。 但是,韓中兩國(guó)都有各自的戰(zhàn)略和安全利益。尤其是韓中兩國(guó)在對(duì)朝政策和關(guān)系上有著不同的戰(zhàn)略利益考量。筆者認(rèn)為,韓中兩國(guó)在對(duì)朝政策上合作展望并不太樂觀。韓中兩國(guó)對(duì)朝鮮的認(rèn)識(shí)、對(duì)朝核問題的看法、對(duì)朝政策的根本性質(zhì)、對(duì)美國(guó)因素的作用的看法都有很大不同。而且,韓中兩國(guó)之間還存在著中國(guó)重視恢復(fù)中朝傳統(tǒng)友好關(guān)系、韓國(guó)重視恢復(fù)韓美同盟關(guān)系、兩國(guó)間的感情認(rèn)同和觀點(diǎn)分歧等障礙因素。 本文主要運(yùn)用比較分析方法進(jìn)行研究,而輔以層次分析法和統(tǒng)計(jì)分析法等。本文將韓中兩國(guó)的對(duì)朝政策研究范圍限于第二次朝核危機(jī)以后。第二次朝核危機(jī)對(duì)韓中兩國(guó)的影響是什么?韓中兩國(guó)的對(duì)朝政策是什么?有什么特點(diǎn)?哪些是影響到兩國(guó)對(duì)朝政策的決定性因素?韓中兩國(guó)對(duì)朝政策的未來(lái)如何?韓中兩國(guó)在對(duì)朝政策上能否合作?如果兩國(guó)未來(lái)合作可能性不大的話,其原因是什么?韓中兩國(guó)在對(duì)朝政策上為什么一定要合作?如何促進(jìn)韓中兩國(guó)在對(duì)朝政策上的合作? 筆者將在本文中對(duì)這些問題進(jìn)行研究并提供一些有益的參考意見。首先對(duì)第二次朝核危機(jī)爆發(fā)及其對(duì)韓中兩國(guó)的影響進(jìn)行分析。接下來(lái)對(duì)韓中兩國(guó)的對(duì)朝政策內(nèi)容、決定因素和走向進(jìn)行分析。然后,對(duì)韓中兩國(guó)的對(duì)朝政策進(jìn)行比較分析。通過比較分析,本研究最后展望韓中兩國(guó)對(duì)朝政策的合作前景。筆者得出的結(jié)論是:韓中兩國(guó)在對(duì)朝政策上合作前景并不樂觀。但是,為了兩國(guó)共同的戰(zhàn)略利益和友好合作關(guān)系的持續(xù)發(fā)展,唯有進(jìn)行相互理解與合作才是理性而實(shí)現(xiàn)的選擇。
[Abstract]:The two countries established diplomatic relations in 1992 after the hostile relations began from the Korean War on the gradual development of friendly and cooperative relations. The establishment of diplomatic relations between Korea and China at that time, in politics, culture, ideology, etc. there are some differences in the early development of relations between South Korea and mainly concentrated in the economy. In South Korea, Jin Dazhonghe after President Roh Moo-hyun took office to take the friendly policy of "sunshine policy", "policy of peace and prosperity". Since then, bilateral relations have made further development.
In 2002 second North Korean nuclear crisis, when South Korea Roh Moo-hyun administration period. Although the South Korean government will stick to the policy of friendship, but the nuclear crisis of North Korea to South Korea people feel distrust of North Korea. Therefore, the South Korean government policy toward the faced many difficulties, was severely criticized. Then China also coincides with the new leader President Hu Jintao took office at the beginning of Chinese. The government take active intervention policy in the North Korean nuclear crisis, and established the "six party talks" mechanism and has always played a leading role and actively mediate in the process of the talks. China DPRK relations also gradually restored the traditional friendly relations in the past, including leadership, communication between the two governments and inter party exchanges have begun active.
South Korea in 2008 after President Lee Myung-bak took office, changed Korean relations. Although the establishment of a "strategic partnership" between South Korea and China, but the New South Korean government attached more importance to restore the ROK-US alliance. China government also attaches great importance to restore the traditional friendly relations between China and North Korea. South Korea relations development is facing serious challenges. The author thinks that happened in 2010 "the sinking of the Cheonan incident" and "the shelling of Yeonpyeong island" that the two countries still need policy toward cooperation and mutual understanding.
For North Korea, now is a critical moment. The North Korean leader Kim Jong-il after just 70 years of age, his successor Kim Jeong-eun also did not have a stable succession basis. South Korea and China have a special strategic and security interests in North Korea. South Korea, both north and South Korea are in the same language, culture and history of the same a nation, is the object to be unified. Chinese on both sides, is a socialist country, the Korean war ally in the "China DPRK friendly cooperation and mutual assistance treaty > has a special relationship between military assistance obligations. Also, the two countries are on the border with North Korea. If North Korea collapse system changes, South Korea the two countries will have a huge impact. Therefore, cooperation policy toward ROK largely is really necessary.
However, the two countries have their own strategic and security interests. Especially in South Korea and China have different strategic interests and considerations of policy toward the relationship. The author believes that the two countries in the prospect of cooperation on North Korea policy is not optimistic. The two countries of North Korea on the Korean nuclear issue, the fundamental nature of the in the policy, to the United States factors are very different. Moreover, the two countries also exist between the Chinese attention to restore the traditional friendly relations between China and the DPRK, South Korea attaches great importance to restore the ROK-US alliance between the two factors, emotion recognition and view differences and other obstacles.
This paper mainly uses comparative analysis methods, and combined with AHP method and statistical analysis method. The two countries on the scope of the study is limited to second policy toward the North Korea nuclear crisis. What is the impact of the second nuclear crisis in South Korea and China's policy toward ROK? What is it? What are the characteristics of what is? The two decisive factors affect policy toward ROK? How policy toward the future? ROK in cooperation on whether North Korea policy? If there is little possibility of the cooperation, what is the reason? Han China in policy toward why cooperation? How to promote the two countries in the policy toward the cooperation?
The author in this paper studies these problems and provide some useful reference. The first of the second North Korean nuclear crisis broke out and its influence on South Korea and China are analyzed. Next to South Korea and China's policy toward the content, determinants and trend analysis. Then, the two countries carry on comparative analysis to the policy toward the DPRK. Through the comparative analysis, this research finally prospects the prospects for bilateral cooperation policy toward Korea. The conclusion is that: the two countries in the policy toward cooperation is not optimistic about the prospects. However, in order to continue to develop strategic interests of the two countries mutual relations and friendly cooperation, only mutual understanding and cooperation is the rational choice and implementation.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：D815.2

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