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  本文選題：中國　切入點：對外援助　出處：《上海外國語大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：2010年召開的全國援外工作會議首次提出“中國特色的援外發(fā)展模式”這一概念，本文通過考察中國開展對外援助的歷史與實踐認為“中國特色援外發(fā)展模式”的核心與基礎(chǔ)是“對口援外”，這種模式的邏輯起點是國內(nèi)統(tǒng)籌區(qū)域發(fā)展與扶貧開發(fā)領(lǐng)域的對口支援模式，“對口”是一種規(guī)則約束，對口援外的中國特色也集中體現(xiàn)在“對口”的制度安排方面。在與主要的援助國開展對外援助的比較中，明確了對口援外模式的中國屬性及其優(yōu)越性。 對口援外按照對外援助行為的實際執(zhí)行與實施主體可以劃分為地方政府對口援外、國家部委對口援外與大型企業(yè)對口援外三種類型，本文分別選取上海市援助越南與幾內(nèi)亞、衛(wèi)生部派遣援外醫(yī)療隊、中國石油天然氣集團公司援助蘇丹作為案例進行研究，從歷史事實的角度探討對口援外模式的運行機制及其成效。在三種類型的對口援外中，地方政府是主體，因為地方政府掌握了除中央以外最多的資源，對口援外正好可以在減輕中央負擔的同時發(fā)揮地方的積極性，地方參與通常專屬于中央政府的對外援助本身就是其實力與地位的展示，援助的實效得以保證。國家部委的對口援外主要在于能夠充分利用部委本身在分工方面的專業(yè)優(yōu)勢，而援外任務(wù)的最終執(zhí)行很多情況下還需要地方政府的協(xié)作與配合。大型企業(yè)直接參與對外援助是一個新的趨勢，在真正提高受援國自主發(fā)展能力、幫助其建立完整的工業(yè)體系方面意義重大。 中國特色對口援外模式在我國的產(chǎn)生，是有其必然性的，我國的國家結(jié)構(gòu)與社會主義的央地關(guān)系是其產(chǎn)生的先決條件，，而國內(nèi)對口支援的巨大成就又為對口援外提供了可資借鑒的現(xiàn)實參照，同時這也是一個國內(nèi)政治與國際政治互動的過程，今后這一進程仍將持續(xù)下去，或許會成為國際援助體系的福音。
[Abstract]:The concept of "the development model of foreign aid with Chinese characteristics" was put forward for the first time at the National Conference on Foreign Aid held in 2010. Based on the investigation of the history and practice of China's foreign aid, this paper holds that the core and foundation of the development model of "foreign aid with Chinese characteristics" is "foreign assistance with counterpart", and the logical starting point of this model is to coordinate regional development and poverty alleviation development in China. Domain counterpart support mode, "counterpart" is a rule constraint, The Chinese characteristics of counterpart foreign aid are also embodied in the institutional arrangement of "counterpart". In the comparison of foreign aid with the major donor countries, the Chinese attribute and superiority of the counterpart foreign aid model are clarified. According to the actual implementation and implementation of foreign aid, foreign aid can be divided into three types: local government counterpart foreign aid, foreign counterpart assistance from national ministries and large enterprises, and foreign assistance from large enterprises. This paper selects Shanghai to assist Vietnam and Guinea, respectively. The Ministry of Health dispatched a foreign aid medical team and the China National Petroleum Corporation assisted Sudan as a case study to explore the operational mechanism and effectiveness of the counterpart foreign aid model from the perspective of historical facts. The local government is the main body, because the local government has the most resources other than the central government, so giving assistance to foreign countries can help the central authorities at the same time as reducing the burden of the central government and giving play to the enthusiasm of the local authorities. Local participation, which usually belongs exclusively to the central government, is itself a demonstration of its strength and status, and the effectiveness of aid is guaranteed. The counterpart of national ministries mainly lies in being able to make full use of the professional advantages of the ministries themselves in the division of labour. And the ultimate implementation of the foreign aid mission in many cases also requires the cooperation and cooperation of local governments. Direct participation of large enterprises in foreign aid is a new trend, and it is really improving the capacity of recipient countries to develop independently. Helping to build a complete industrial system is significant. The emergence of the foreign aid mode with Chinese characteristics in China is inevitable, and the relationship between the state structure of our country and the central region of socialism is a prerequisite for its emergence. However, the tremendous achievements of domestic counterpart support have provided a practical reference for foreign counterparts, and it is also a process of interaction between domestic and international politics, and this process will continue in the future. It may be a boon for the international aid system.
【學位授予單位】：上海外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D822.3

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