發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-14 23:27

  本文選題：北華捷報(bào)　切入點(diǎn)：中英關(guān)系　出處：《南京大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：西方帝國(guó)主義打開中國(guó)國(guó)門之后,西方媒體陸續(xù)進(jìn)駐中國(guó),面向中國(guó)人和在華本國(guó)人發(fā)行各類報(bào)紙書刊,在一定程度上反映了西方世界對(duì)華的輿情動(dòng)態(tài)。素有英國(guó)"官報(bào)"之稱的《北華捷報(bào)》作為英國(guó)在華第一大報(bào)紙,在"盧溝橋事變"(亦稱"七七事變",本文取用"盧溝橋事變")前后發(fā)表大量報(bào)道,記錄下許多事關(guān)盧溝橋事變和中日關(guān)系的情況,成為我們現(xiàn)今研究盧溝橋事變的史料之一,也為以傳媒視角研究當(dāng)時(shí)中英兩國(guó)關(guān)系的提供了便利。本文選取《北華捷報(bào)》在1937年7月7日至1937年7月28日期間的報(bào)道為主要史料,期間共發(fā)行4期報(bào)紙,文章數(shù)量約1000余篇,盧溝橋事變、中日關(guān)系相關(guān)文章共70余篇。通過對(duì)《北華捷報(bào)》事變時(shí)政報(bào)道、評(píng)論報(bào)道、采訪報(bào)道的梳理,進(jìn)行深入地研究和分析,探討《北華捷報(bào)》對(duì)中國(guó)遭遇盧溝橋事變的立場(chǎng)態(tài)度變化,填補(bǔ)《北華捷報(bào)》在事變前后報(bào)道立場(chǎng)的研究空白�！侗比A捷報(bào)》標(biāo)榜"公正而不中立",在其對(duì)盧溝橋事變的報(bào)道中有所體現(xiàn),但卻又因利而變。本文以盧溝橋事變?yōu)闀r(shí)間界線,將其立場(chǎng)分為事變前、事變后兩個(gè)基本階段。事變前其袒護(hù)日本,關(guān)注度低;事變后,其立場(chǎng)從存在疑惑、指責(zé)中國(guó)轉(zhuǎn)變到同情中國(guó)。事變剛剛爆發(fā)時(shí),《北華捷報(bào)》對(duì)日本報(bào)道數(shù)量遠(yuǎn)超中國(guó),包括實(shí)地采訪、人物采訪、時(shí)評(píng)等,但的中國(guó)報(bào)道寥寥無幾,且指責(zé)中國(guó)的沖動(dòng)。后期隨著日本侵華加劇,處于保護(hù)英國(guó)在華利益的根本考慮,報(bào)道里對(duì)中日兩國(guó)報(bào)道的數(shù)量漸漸持平,而且對(duì)中國(guó)的指責(zé)明顯減少,同情增多。這樣的立場(chǎng)變化,深刻體現(xiàn)了《北華捷報(bào)》作為資本主義入侵的傳媒工具,所蘊(yùn)含的利益本質(zhì)。《北華捷報(bào)》的立場(chǎng)形成以及變化受到諸多因素影響,既因?yàn)槿毡居袦?zhǔn)備的"宣傳方案",也有英國(guó)長(zhǎng)期奉行的綏靖政策影響。英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)社會(huì)輿情的發(fā)展,在英華僑的救國(guó)運(yùn)動(dòng),都對(duì)《北華捷報(bào)》的立場(chǎng)轉(zhuǎn)變產(chǎn)生了影響。除此之外本文認(rèn)為《北華捷報(bào)》作者團(tuán)隊(duì)的成長(zhǎng),受到英國(guó)社會(huì)環(huán)境的影響,在這種潛移默化的影響下,其所秉持的觀點(diǎn)與英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)的輿情政策變動(dòng)具有一致性。總體來講,英國(guó)的利益使然,決定了《北華捷報(bào)》的根本立場(chǎng),英國(guó)的社會(huì)輿情潛移默化中引導(dǎo)《北華捷報(bào)》立場(chǎng)發(fā)生著變化,主編、作者團(tuán)隊(duì)自帶的英國(guó)屬性,使遠(yuǎn)在東方的《北華捷報(bào)》一直未能真正遠(yuǎn)離英國(guó)。通過使用心理學(xué)、傳播學(xué),探討同一時(shí)期英國(guó)國(guó)內(nèi)對(duì)華外交政策、輿情狀況,對(duì)《北華捷報(bào)》所產(chǎn)生的潛移默化的影響及其方式,更進(jìn)一步理解《北華捷報(bào)》在事變前后時(shí)間內(nèi)立場(chǎng)變化的深層次原因。中國(guó)在抗日戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)初期飽受欺辱,在傳媒方面亦受到?jīng)_擊,發(fā)聲困難。在如今以互聯(lián)網(wǎng)為基礎(chǔ)的國(guó)際傳媒日漸發(fā)達(dá)的時(shí)刻,我們既要不忘歷史,也要在國(guó)際關(guān)系中,認(rèn)識(shí)不同媒體所持立場(chǎng)態(tài)度的原始動(dòng)力,把握好輿論傳媒的重大作用,該發(fā)聲時(shí)毫不退縮,維護(hù)好國(guó)家主權(quán)。
[Abstract]:After Western imperialism opened its doors to China, the Western media moved into China one after another, distributing various newspapers, books and periodicals to Chinese and native people in China. To a certain extent, it reflects the trends of public opinion towards China in the western world. As the largest British newspaper in China, the Bei Hua Jie newspaper, known as the British "official newspaper," Before and after the "Lugou Bridge incident" (also known as the "July 7th incident"), this article draws on the "Lugou Bridge incident" and publishes a large number of reports, documenting a lot about the Lugou Bridge incident and the Sino-Japanese relations. It has become one of the historical materials that we study the Lugou Bridge incident today. It also facilitates the study of Sino-British relations from the perspective of the media. This paper selects the reports of the Beihua Jiebao from July 7th 1937 to July 28th 1937 as the main historical materials, during which a total of four issues of newspapers were published. The number of articles is about 1000, Lugou Bridge incident, Sino-Japanese relations related articles a total of more than 70. Through the "Beihua Jiebao" incident of the current political reports, review reports, interview reports combing, in-depth research and analysis, To probe into the change in the attitude of the Beihua Czech News to the incident of Lugou Bridge in China, Fill in the blank in the research on the reporting position of Bei Hua Jie Bao before and after the incident. The Beihua Jiejie News preaches "impartiality but not neutrality", which is reflected in its report on the incident of Lugou Bridge, but also changes because of profit. This article regards the Lugou Bridge incident as the time limit. Its position can be divided into two basic stages before and after the incident. Before the incident, it was protective of Japan and its attention was low; after the incident, its position was confused. Accuse China of turning to sympathy with China. When the incident broke out, the Beihua Jiejie newspaper reported on Japan far more than China, including field interviews, character interviews, time reviews, and so on, but there were very few reports on China. And blame China's impulse. Later, as Japan's invasion of China intensified, in the fundamental consideration of protecting Britain's interests in China, the number of reports on China and Japan in the report gradually levelled off, and there was a marked decrease in the number of accusations against China. Sympathy has increased. Such a change of position profoundly reflects the essence of the interests contained in the "Beihua Jiebao" as a media tool for capitalist invasion. The formation and change of the "Beihua Jiebao" stand was influenced by many factors. Not only because Japan has prepared "propaganda programs", but also because of the long-held appeasement policy of Britain. The development of public opinion in Britain and the national salvation movement of overseas Chinese in Britain, In addition, this paper believes that the growth of the author's team is influenced by the British social environment, under the influence of this kind of subtle influence. Its views are consistent with the changes in public opinion policies in Britain. Generally speaking, the interests of the United Kingdom have determined the fundamental position of the "North China Czech News". The British social public opinion led to the change in the position of Beihua Jiebao, the British attribute brought by the editor and the author's team, so that the Bei Hua Jie News in the far East has never really been far away from the United Kingdom. Through the use of psychology, Communication, the study of British foreign policy towards China in the same period, the state of public opinion, the subtle influence on Beihua Jiebao and its methods, To further understand the deep-rooted reasons for the change of position in the period before and after the incident, the Beihua Czech News. China was humiliated at the beginning of the War of Resistance against Japan, and it was also hit by the media. It is difficult to speak out. At a time when the international media based on the Internet is becoming increasingly developed, we should not only not forget history, but also understand the original motive force of the stance and attitude of different media in international relations, and grasp the important role of the media of public opinion. We should not back down when we speak, and safeguard our national sovereignty.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南京大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：D815

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本文編號(hào)：1613442