本文選題：哈加納　切入點(diǎn)：猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：哈加納是英國(guó)托管巴勒斯坦期間猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義政黨勞工聯(lián)盟建立的地下軍事組織,也是以色列建國(guó)前伊休夫(巴勒斯坦猶太社團(tuán))最大、最重要的防衛(wèi)組織。它在猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義運(yùn)動(dòng)史上占有重要的地位,并且成為后來(lái)以色列國(guó)防軍組建的基礎(chǔ)和核心,對(duì)以色列國(guó)的建立和發(fā)展產(chǎn)生了決定性影響。因此,對(duì)哈加納的研究有助于我們?nèi)媪私猹q太人在巴勒斯坦建國(guó)的曲折歷史,對(duì)于解決今天的巴以沖突也具有一定的參考價(jià)值。 本文由緒論、正文和結(jié)束語(yǔ)三部分組成。 緒論主要闡明了選題的緣由和意義,介紹了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)術(shù)界對(duì)哈加納問(wèn)題的研究現(xiàn)狀。 正文共分三章： 第一章,介紹了哈加納誕生的歷史背景。19世紀(jì)后期,由于沙皇俄國(guó)反猶和政治猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義思潮的影響,俄國(guó)和東歐猶太人掀起了向巴勒斯坦移民的阿利亞運(yùn)動(dòng),結(jié)果引起當(dāng)?shù)匕⒗说臄骋暫头磳?duì),兩個(gè)民族之間的矛盾沖突愈演愈烈。為求自保,猶太移民開始建立武裝防衛(wèi)組織,從而為哈加納的建立奠定了基礎(chǔ)。 第二章,概述了哈加納的誕生及其發(fā)展演變的歷程。隨著阿猶沖突的升級(jí),整個(gè)伊休夫的安全受到嚴(yán)重威脅,而此前建立的武裝組織已經(jīng)不能適應(yīng)猶太人自衛(wèi)的需要,于是哈加納應(yīng)運(yùn)而生。在經(jīng)歷了分裂與重組、阿拉伯人暴動(dòng)和第二次世界大戰(zhàn)后,哈加納逐漸發(fā)展壯大,并最終成為以色列國(guó)防軍建立的基礎(chǔ)和核心。 第三章,從四個(gè)方面論述了哈加納的歷史作用。面對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)匕⒗藢映霾桓F的暴力襲擊,哈加納最大程度地保衛(wèi)了伊休夫的安全。為了打破英國(guó)委任統(tǒng)治當(dāng)局對(duì)海外猶太移民的嚴(yán)格限制,哈加納組織歐洲猶太人非法移民到巴勒斯坦,并取得了顯著成效。在與阿拉伯人和英國(guó)人的沖突中,哈加納建立了系統(tǒng)的情報(bào)體系,有效地維護(hù)了伊休夫的利益。經(jīng)過(guò)二戰(zhàn)的洗禮,哈加納最終為猶太國(guó)家的建立和生存立下汗馬功勞。 結(jié)束語(yǔ)對(duì)文章進(jìn)行總結(jié),認(rèn)為猶太人在巴勒斯坦成功建國(guó)雖是諸多因素共同作用的結(jié)果,但是作為伊休夫“保護(hù)神”的哈加納無(wú)疑起到了決定性作用,正是它促成了猶太復(fù)國(guó)主義目標(biāo)的最終實(shí)現(xiàn)。哈加納因轉(zhuǎn)變成國(guó)防軍而在形式上消失以后,其影響仍在以色列國(guó)延續(xù)著。
[Abstract]:Harakana is an underground military organization set up by the labor alliance of the Zionist political party during the British Trust of Palestine and the largest Palestinian Jewish community before the founding of Israel. The most important defence organization, which played an important role in the history of the Zionist movement and became the foundation and core of the later formation of the Israel Defense Forces, which had a decisive impact on the establishment and development of the State of Israel... The study of Harakana helps us to understand the tortuous history of Jewish statehood in Palestine, and also has certain reference value for resolving today's conflict between Palestine and Israel. This paper consists of three parts: introduction, text and conclusion. The introduction mainly expounds the reason and significance of the topic, and introduces the present situation of the research on Hagana problem in the academic circles at home and abroad. The text is divided into three chapters:. The first chapter introduces the historical background of the birth of Kazakana. In the late 19th century, because of the influence of anti-Semitism and political Zionism in the Tsar Russia, the Russian and Eastern European Jews set off a Alija movement to immigrate to Palestine. As a result, the local Arabs were hostile and opposed, and the conflict between the two nations became more and more serious. In order to protect themselves, Jewish immigrants began to set up armed defense organizations, which laid the foundation for the establishment of Kazakana. The second chapter outlines the birth and evolution of Hagana. With the escalation of the conflict in Aw, the security of the whole of Ishuf is seriously threatened, and the armed groups previously established are no longer able to adapt to the needs of the Jews in self-defence, After the division and reorganization, the Arab riots and the second World War, the Kazakh Qana gradually grew and became the foundation and core of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF). The third chapter discusses the historical role of Kazakana in four aspects. In the face of the endless violent attacks by local Arabs, In order to break the strict restrictions imposed by the British mandate on Jewish immigrants abroad, Hagana organized illegal immigration of European Jews to Palestine. And achieved remarkable results. In the conflict with the Arabs and the British, Hagana established a systematic intelligence system that effectively defended Ishoff's interests. After the baptism of World War II, Hanagana finally contributed to the establishment and survival of the Jewish state. Summing up the article, the conclusion concludes that although the successful establishment of the Jewish people in Palestine is the result of the joint action of many factors, there is no doubt that Hagana, as the "protector of the god" of Ishoff, played a decisive role. It was it that led to the ultimate realization of the Zionist goal, and its influence continued in the State of Israel after its formal disappearance into the Defence Force.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：D815.4

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本文編號(hào)：1580521