本文選題：公共外交　切入點：中國公共外交　出處：《山東大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：在全球化以及公民社會日益發(fā)展成熟的背景下,公共外交作為一種區(qū)別于傳統(tǒng)政府外交的新型外交形式,日益得到各國政府的重視。各國希望通過公共外交達到改善本國形象,影響他國輿論,獲得國際話語權(quán),維護國家利益的目的。伴隨中國崛起,我國面臨眾多國際輿論壓力。對此,公共外交成為我國在新形勢下一種新的外交手段,如何構(gòu)建完善的公共外交體系以發(fā)揮公共外交的作用也成為目前我國公共外交研究的重要任務(wù)。 本文認為公共外交在實現(xiàn)與國外公眾交流溝通的同時,也應(yīng)當包括對國內(nèi)公眾進行有關(guān)外交政策方面的宣傳推廣和解釋,這是公共外交得以順利開展的重要前提保證。公共外交的內(nèi)涵包括公共外交的主體(本國政府或由本國政府主導(dǎo)、授權(quán)或委托的非政府組織、社會團體及個人)、公共外交的客體(外國公眾)、公共外交的形式(政府公關(guān)、媒體傳播信息及教育文化交流)、公共外交的目標(國家形象的維護、國際話語權(quán)的獲得及國家利益的維護)四個要素。公共外交的興起背景則包括“公民社會的發(fā)展”以及“全球化、信息技術(shù)發(fā)展帶來的挑戰(zhàn)”。具體到我國公共外交發(fā)展所面臨的特殊狀況,主要涉及到中國在冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束之后所面臨的一系列負面輿論及不佳的國際形象。而根據(jù)不同階段公共外交背景、具體任務(wù)、側(cè)重點的不同,我國公共外交的進程分為新中國成立至文革結(jié)束、改革開放至九十年代初、冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束至今三個階段。從我國公共外交的發(fā)展進程來看,我國公共外交呈現(xiàn)出“文化傳播”的“一元”特征與偏好。 此外,由于我國在開展公共外交方面經(jīng)驗、專業(yè)人才的欠缺,受之前外交理念的影響以及政府機構(gòu)設(shè)置等問題,導(dǎo)致目前我國公共外交存在以下不足：戰(zhàn)略思想上對外交的重視程度不足；政策制定中凸顯外交體制不協(xié)調(diào)而造成無法全面整合公共外交資源；實際操作中方式方法不到位。這些問題制約了我國公共外交體系的構(gòu)建及其作用發(fā)揮。 面對我國公共外交存在的問題,本文提出相應(yīng)建議以構(gòu)建多元的公共外交體系。首先,要從公共外交體制著手,建立并協(xié)調(diào)公共外交體制,保證公共外交的高效實施；其次,要整合“多元”的支援力量,發(fā)揮民間非政府組織、社會團體、企業(yè)、個人在公共外交中的作用；再次,在公共外交的實踐過程中,要拓展“多元”的方式方法并不斷創(chuàng)新；最后,要注重公共外交得以順利實施的前提保障,包括加強國內(nèi)建設(shè)以及人才和資金的保證�？傊�,只有建立“多元”的、完善的公共外交體系,才能真正發(fā)揮我國公共外交的應(yīng)有作用。
[Abstract]:In the context of globalization and the growing development and maturity of civil society, public diplomacy, as a new form of diplomacy different from traditional government diplomacy, has been paid more and more attention by governments. To influence public opinion in other countries, to gain the right to speak internationally, and to safeguard the national interests. With the rise of China, China is facing numerous pressures of international public opinion. In view of this, public diplomacy has become a new diplomatic means of our country under the new situation. How to construct a perfect public diplomacy system to play the role of public diplomacy has also become an important task of our country's public diplomacy research. This paper holds that when public diplomacy communicates with the public abroad, it should also promote and explain the foreign policy of the domestic public. This is an important prerequisite for the smooth development of public diplomacy. The connotation of public diplomacy includes the main body of public diplomacy (the national government or the national government led, authorized or entrusted by non-governmental organizations). Social groups and individuals, objects of public diplomacy (foreign public relations, forms of public diplomacy (government public relations, media dissemination of information and educational and cultural exchanges), goals of public diplomacy (maintenance of national image), The rise of public diplomacy includes "the development of civil society" and "globalization". The challenges posed by the development of information technology "... with regard to the special conditions facing the development of our country's public diplomacy," It mainly involves a series of negative public opinions and poor international image that China faces after the end of the Cold War. According to the background of different stages of public diplomacy, specific tasks and different emphases, The process of China's public diplomacy is divided into three stages: the founding of New China and the end of the Cultural Revolution, the reform and opening up to the beginning of 90s, the end of the Cold War to the present. From the perspective of the development process of China's public diplomacy, China's public diplomacy presents the monistic characteristics and preferences of cultural communication. In addition, due to China's experience in carrying out public diplomacy, the lack of professional personnel, the influence of previous diplomatic concepts, and the setting up of government agencies, and so on, As a result, the following deficiencies exist in China's public diplomacy at present: the degree of emphasis on diplomacy is insufficient in strategic thinking, the incoordination of diplomatic system is highlighted in the policy formulation, and the overall integration of public diplomatic resources is not possible; These problems restrict the construction and function of China's public diplomacy system. In the face of the problems existing in China's public diplomacy, this paper puts forward corresponding suggestions to build a pluralistic system of public diplomacy. First, we should start with the system of public diplomacy, establish and coordinate the system of public diplomacy to ensure the efficient implementation of public diplomacy. It is necessary to integrate the support forces of "plural", bring into play the role of non-governmental organizations, social organizations, enterprises and individuals in public diplomacy, thirdly, in the practice of public diplomacy, we should expand the ways and methods of "plural" and innovate constantly. Finally, we should pay attention to the prerequisite for the smooth implementation of public diplomacy, including strengthening domestic construction, as well as the guarantee of personnel and capital. In short, only a "plural" and perfect public diplomacy system can be established. Only then can the public diplomacy of our country play its due role.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D820

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