本文選題：紅色恐慌　切入點：杜魯門政府　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：“紅色恐慌”侵襲時期，美國原本屬于正常的社會反應(yīng)，被偏離自由軌跡的瘋狂反擊所代替。隨著冷戰(zhàn)的加劇和美國國內(nèi)政治的日趨反動，在中國問題上主張扶蔣反共的意見日益占據(jù)上風(fēng)。在“紅色恐慌”的氣氛下，在公眾輿論、國內(nèi)政治的壓力下，杜魯門政府害怕被指責(zé)“親共”而極力表現(xiàn)自己的反共熱情，結(jié)果斷送了美中和解的可能。在“紅色恐慌”的反共氛圍中，杜魯門政府正式完成了對華政策的轉(zhuǎn)型。 當(dāng)美國當(dāng)政者意識到，美國撤出中國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)才是上策時，美國國內(nèi)的反共主義已達到狂熱程度，這種壓力造成美國的扶蔣反共政策越陷越深。這就是為什么政策制定者幾乎預(yù)見到政策的不利后果，卻不能懸崖勒馬的原因。 美國國內(nèi)的一系列反共主義活動，促使美國統(tǒng)治集團采取反共主義的外交政策。這種極端反共的反擊方式，這種以意識形態(tài)主導(dǎo)美國外交政策的做法，不僅在理念上違背了美國社會所主張的“自由主義”原則，也因為捕風(fēng)捉影式指控的泛濫而引發(fā)了一連串的社會問題，，并深刻威脅到美國的民主自由理念。 雖然，美國民主制度所包含的司法保障、追求自由主義的理想和其奉行的寬容精神，為美國社會走出“紅色恐慌”的黑暗提供了完整的制度環(huán)境。但是，為避免“將意識形態(tài)等同國家利益”的理念可能對中美關(guān)系發(fā)展進程所造成的現(xiàn)實危險，中美雙方有必要將雙方的官僚體系編入一張合作的網(wǎng)絡(luò)中去。
[Abstract]:During the "Red panic" attack, the United States was originally a normal social reaction, replaced by a frenzied counterattack that deviated from the liberal trajectory. With the intensification of the Cold War and the growing reactionary nature of American domestic politics, In the atmosphere of "red panic", under the pressure of public opinion and domestic politics, the Truman government, afraid of being accused of being "pro-Communist", tried to show its anti-Communist enthusiasm. In the anti-communist atmosphere of "red panic", Truman government formally completed the transformation of China policy. By the time those in power realized that it was best for the United States to withdraw from China's civil war, anti-Communism in the United States had reached fanaticism. This pressure has led to a deeper and deeper U. S. policy of helping Chiang Kai-shek to oppose the Communist Party. That is why policymakers can hardly restrain themselves from the precipice even though they almost foresee the adverse consequences of the policy. A series of anti-Communist activities in the United States have prompted the US ruling clique to adopt an anti-Communist foreign policy. This extreme anti-Communist counterattack approach, which uses ideology to dominate US foreign policy, It not only violates the principle of "liberalism" advocated by American society, but also causes a series of social problems because of the proliferation of shadowy accusations, and threatens the democratic and liberal concept of the United States deeply. Although the judicial guarantees contained in American democracy, the pursuit of liberal ideals and the spirit of tolerance it pursues, provide a complete institutional environment for American society to emerge from the darkness of "red panic". In order to avoid the real danger caused by the idea of "equating ideology with national interests" to the development process of Sino-US relations, it is necessary for China and the United States to incorporate the bureaucracy of both sides into a network of cooperation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D871.2;D822.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 韋長發(fā);麥卡錫主義與美國對華政策的轉(zhuǎn)變[J];安慶師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(社會科學(xué)版);2001年03期

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