本文關(guān)鍵詞： 歐共體 歐盟 政治一體化 發(fā)展趨勢　出處：《西北師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：歐盟作為當(dāng)今國際社會一體化程度最高的區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)和政治集團(tuán)組織，迄今為止，沒有那個區(qū)域一體化組織像歐盟那樣團(tuán)結(jié)之緊密、聯(lián)系之密切并獲得成功。長期以來，歐洲歷史戰(zhàn)亂不斷，各國為避免相互間的戰(zhàn)爭不得不尋求能夠與超級大國相抗衡的一體化道路。自1952年，法國外長羅伯特舒曼提出建立歐洲“煤鋼共同體”的主張之后，歐共體經(jīng)歷了從“煤鋼共同體”到“經(jīng)濟(jì)共同體”和“原子能共同體”的發(fā)展。1967年7月1日《布魯塞爾條約》的生效，標(biāo)志著歐共體的誕生，，這使得歐盟成為一種可能，而將這種可能變成現(xiàn)實的是1992年2月簽署的《馬斯特里赫特條約》。歐盟的誕生，加強(qiáng)了各成員國間的相互合作，推動了本地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，但在全球化趨勢的推動下，歐盟各成員國逐漸的認(rèn)識到單憑經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化的發(fā)展難以承載政治所帶來的負(fù)擔(dān)，歐盟必須尋求政治的聯(lián)合。這樣，歐盟政治一體化的發(fā)展不僅成功地維護(hù)了歐洲地區(qū)的和平與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展，同時，也使得歐盟在國際舞臺上的作用越來越大。但未來歐盟政治一體化發(fā)展的趨勢仍然是一個復(fù)雜而又曲折前進(jìn)的漫長過程，對這一過程的研究，事關(guān)人們對世界力量變化的分析，有助于人們對當(dāng)代國家和國際組織的行為作出正確的解釋和合理的判斷，更有助于中國對外交及相關(guān)政策的完善，同時也對中歐關(guān)系的良好發(fā)展具有重要的理論借鑒和現(xiàn)實意義。 本文主要立足于歐盟政治一體化發(fā)展的實際,把歐盟政治一體化進(jìn)程的現(xiàn)狀作為分析對象,對歐盟政治一體化進(jìn)程的發(fā)展動因及這一進(jìn)程中所面臨的阻力因素進(jìn)行客觀分析的同時，預(yù)測了歐盟政治一體化未來的發(fā)展趨勢以及給中國帶來的影響。主要從以下四個方面進(jìn)行研究：第一部分以時間為縱向脈絡(luò)，在介紹學(xué)術(shù)界對歐盟政治一體化概念界定的基礎(chǔ)上，分別闡述了歐洲一體化的形成與發(fā)展，旨在對歐盟政治一體化有一個系統(tǒng)的了解與把握。第二部分主要論述了歐盟政治一體化構(gòu)建過程中顯現(xiàn)出的特點及這一超國家性質(zhì)的組織應(yīng)遵守的原則。第三部分主要闡述了歐盟一體化進(jìn)程完善的動力因素及其所面臨的挑戰(zhàn)。第四部分在分析歐盟政治一體化面臨的挑戰(zhàn)及其發(fā)展趨勢的基礎(chǔ)上，探析了歐盟政治一體化的歷史經(jīng)驗對中國產(chǎn)生的影響及借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:As the most integrated regional economic and political bloc organization in the international community today, so far, no regional integration organization has been as closely United, closely linked and successful as the European Union. In order to avoid wars in Europe, countries have to seek a way of integration that can compete with the superpowers. Since 1952, French Foreign Minister Robert Schumann proposed the establishment of a European "coal and steel community." The European Community has experienced a development from the Coal and Steel Community to the Economic Community and the Atomic Energy Community. The entry into force of the Brussels Treaty on July 1st 1967 marked the birth of the European Community, which made the European Union a possibility. What could make this possible reality is the signing of the Maastricht Treaty on February 1992. The birth of the European Union has strengthened cooperation among member States and promoted the economic development of the region, but with the impetus of globalization, The member States of the European Union have come to realize that the development of economic integration alone cannot bear the burden of politics and that the EU must seek political unity. The development of EU political integration has not only successfully maintained peace and economic development in the European region, but also, It also makes the EU play a more and more important role on the international stage. However, the development trend of EU political integration in the future is still a complicated and tortuous long process. The study of this process is related to people's analysis of the changes in world power. It is helpful for people to make correct explanations and rational judgments on the behavior of contemporary countries and international organizations, and to improve China's foreign and related policies. At the same time, it has important theoretical and practical significance for the good development of China-EU relations. Based on the reality of the development of EU political integration, this paper takes the current situation of EU political integration process as the object of analysis. At the same time, it makes an objective analysis of the reasons for the development of the political integration process of the European Union and the resistance factors in the process. This paper forecasts the future development trend of EU political integration and its impact on China. It mainly studies the following four aspects: the first part takes time as the vertical context. On the basis of introducing the definition of EU political integration in academic circles, this paper expounds the formation and development of European integration. The second part mainly discusses the characteristics of EU political integration and the principles that this supranational organization should abide by. The paper mainly expounds the dynamic factors and the challenges of the EU integration process. Part 4th is based on the analysis of the challenges and development trends of the EU political integration. This paper probes into the influence of the historical experience of EU political integration on China and its reference significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D814.1

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