本文關(guān)鍵詞：近代以來(lái)日本海權(quán)思想研究　出處：《外交學(xué)院》2015年博士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 日本 海權(quán)思想 海權(quán) 海洋國(guó)家身份

【摘要】：本文主要圍繞近代以來(lái)日本海權(quán)思想進(jìn)行研究。日本海權(quán)思想不僅包括日本思想家、戰(zhàn)略家與政治家對(duì)海權(quán)尤其是發(fā)展日本海權(quán)的認(rèn)識(shí)，而且包括日本海洋擴(kuò)張行為所反映出來(lái)的海權(quán)思維邏輯。 19世紀(jì)末美國(guó)人馬漢提出海權(quán)概念后，追求海權(quán)逐漸成為瀕海強(qiáng)國(guó)海洋活動(dòng)的戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)和邏輯出發(fā)點(diǎn)。作為島國(guó)的日本也深受馬漢海權(quán)思想的影響，從19世紀(jì)末起，海權(quán)就與日本密不可分。但關(guān)于日本自身海權(quán)思想的研究卻顯得相當(dāng)不充分�；诖�，本文嘗試歸納和整理出日本海權(quán)思想演變的脈絡(luò)，，并分階段對(duì)其進(jìn)行分析。為此，本文首先嘗試分析日本海權(quán)思想產(chǎn)生的基礎(chǔ)，包括客觀(guān)層面的地理環(huán)境和意識(shí)形態(tài)層面的戰(zhàn)略文化。就地理環(huán)境而言，日本具備發(fā)展海權(quán)的自然條件；就戰(zhàn)略文化而言，日本固有的武士道精神和擴(kuò)張主義傳統(tǒng)成為日本發(fā)展海權(quán)的意識(shí)形態(tài)基礎(chǔ)。其次，本文將18世紀(jì)末至今的日本歷史分為三個(gè)階段，以日本認(rèn)識(shí)和構(gòu)建海洋國(guó)家身份為前提，分別論述每個(gè)階段的日本海權(quán)思想或其海洋活動(dòng)背后的海權(quán)邏輯。在18世紀(jì)末至20世紀(jì)40年代的第一階段中，日本海權(quán)思想有著較為完整的發(fā)展歷程，并在其海權(quán)實(shí)踐中體現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈的擴(kuò)張性。在20世紀(jì)40年代至冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束的第二階段中，日本海權(quán)思想的重點(diǎn)從軍事領(lǐng)域轉(zhuǎn)移到經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域，而在軍事領(lǐng)域則完成了從擴(kuò)張性向防御性的轉(zhuǎn)變。通過(guò)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，日本海權(quán)思想在這一階段并不完整，但日本卻保有發(fā)展海權(quán)的潛在能力和意識(shí)。在冷戰(zhàn)結(jié)束至今的第三階段中，日本海權(quán)思想逐漸走向完整，并以一種新的形式、即謀求同盟的方式回歸擴(kuò)張性。其實(shí)質(zhì)是借助所謂“海權(quán)同盟”的力量謀求發(fā)展自身的海權(quán)。 追求海權(quán)是日本一百多年以來(lái)的重要戰(zhàn)略目標(biāo)，日本海權(quán)思想始終服務(wù)于日本的國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略。日本國(guó)家戰(zhàn)略時(shí)有變化，但一百多年來(lái)的歷史告訴我們，日本海權(quán)思想引導(dǎo)下的海洋擴(kuò)張行為卻一直對(duì)中國(guó)產(chǎn)生著極為負(fù)面的影響，不利于甚至是阻礙了中國(guó)的海洋發(fā)展乃至國(guó)家發(fā)展。從現(xiàn)實(shí)的角度來(lái)看，中日兩國(guó)都有著強(qiáng)烈的發(fā)展海權(quán)的主觀(guān)意愿，也具備發(fā)展海權(quán)的客觀(guān)實(shí)力，而地理上的接近則為兩國(guó)發(fā)展海權(quán)帶來(lái)了不確定因素。正因如此，中日兩國(guó)、特別是日本更應(yīng)該摒棄對(duì)抗型的傳統(tǒng)地緣政治思維，謀求合作型的地緣政治思維，化解兩國(guó)在發(fā)展海權(quán)方面的結(jié)構(gòu)性矛盾，并正確認(rèn)識(shí)各自的地緣作用與地位，從而造就良性發(fā)展的雙邊關(guān)系。
[Abstract]:This paper mainly focuses on the modern Japanese maritime power thought, which includes not only Japanese thinkers, strategists and politicians, but also the understanding of sea power, especially the development of Japanese sea power. And includes the sea power thinking logic reflected by Japan's ocean expansion behavior. In 19th century, the American Mahan put forward the concept of sea power, and the pursuit of sea power gradually became the strategic goal and logical starting point of maritime activities of coastal powers. As an island country, Japan was also deeply influenced by Mahan's thoughts on sea power. Since the end of 19th century, sea power has been closely related to Japan. However, the study on Japan's own sea power thought is quite inadequate. Based on this, this paper tries to summarize and sort out the evolution of Japan's sea power thought. For this reason, this paper first tries to analyze the basis of Japanese sea power thought, including the objective level of geographical environment and ideological level of strategic culture. As far as geographical environment is concerned. Japan has the natural conditions for the development of maritime rights; In terms of strategic culture, Japan's inherent Bushido spirit and expansionist tradition have become the ideological basis for the development of maritime power in Japan. Secondly, this paper divides the Japanese history from the end of 18th century to the present into three stages. Based on the understanding and construction of the identity of the marine state in Japan, this paper discusses the thought of Japanese sea power in each stage or the logic of sea power behind its maritime activities. In the first stage from the end of 18th century to 1940s. Japan's maritime power thought has a relatively complete development process, and in its practice of sea power reflects a strong expansibility, in 1940s to the end of the second stage of the Cold War. The emphasis of Japanese maritime power thought shifted from the military field to the economic field, while in the military field, it completed the transformation from expansionary to defensive. Through the study, it was found that the Japanese maritime power thought was not complete at this stage. However, Japan retained the potential ability and consciousness to develop maritime power. In the third stage of the Cold War until now, Japan's maritime power thought gradually became complete and took a new form. The essence of the alliance is to develop its own sea power with the help of the power of the so-called "sea power alliance". The pursuit of sea power has been an important strategic goal of Japan for more than 100 years. The Japanese thought of sea power has always served Japan's national strategy. Japan's national strategy has changed, but the history of more than 100 years tells us. Japan's ocean expansion under the guidance of sea power thought has always had a very negative impact on China, which is not conducive to or even hindered the development of China's oceans and even the development of the country. From a realistic point of view. Both China and Japan have a strong subjective will to develop sea power, and also have the objective strength to develop sea power, and geographical proximity has brought uncertain factors for the development of sea power between the two countries. For this reason, China and Japan have brought about uncertainty. Japan, in particular, should abandon the traditional geopolitical thinking of confrontation, seek cooperative geopolitical thinking, resolve the structural contradictions in the development of maritime power between the two countries, and correctly understand their respective geopolitical roles and status. So as to create a healthy development of bilateral relations.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D831.3

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