【摘要】：近年來(lái),我國(guó)的離婚率不斷攀升,對(duì)家庭和諧和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定造成很多負(fù)面影響。以往國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)離婚問(wèn)題的研究,多集中在離婚原因和離婚對(duì)子女影響方面,有關(guān)人們對(duì)離婚態(tài)度的實(shí)證研究較為匱乏。通過(guò)問(wèn)卷或自我報(bào)告量表進(jìn)行的有關(guān)離婚態(tài)度的調(diào)查,得到的外顯態(tài)度無(wú)法代表被試內(nèi)心真實(shí)的態(tài)度。 青年正處于從戀愛(ài)步入婚姻的重要時(shí)期,調(diào)查和了解青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度,以及青年是否對(duì)離婚持有刻板印象,從而對(duì)其隨后行為進(jìn)行有效預(yù)測(cè),可以更加有效地對(duì)青年進(jìn)行婚姻心理輔導(dǎo),以及有針對(duì)性地進(jìn)行態(tài)度干預(yù),避免婚姻危機(jī)以及挽救婚姻關(guān)系。 本研究包括兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn): 實(shí)驗(yàn)一運(yùn)用GNAT內(nèi)隱態(tài)度測(cè)量方法,以“積極”和“消極”評(píng)價(jià)屬性測(cè)驗(yàn)青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度,采用2(性別:男、女)×4(目標(biāo)屬性詞組:離婚積極、離婚消極、家庭積極、家庭消極)的混合設(shè)計(jì)。其中,性別為被試間變量,目標(biāo)屬性為被試內(nèi)變量。 實(shí)驗(yàn)一結(jié)果表明青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度是消極的,對(duì)家庭的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度是積極的,并且青年女性對(duì)離婚的反應(yīng)敏感性高于青年男性,即青年女性對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度比青年男性較積極。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二以歸因?yàn)榍腥朦c(diǎn)運(yùn)用SEB設(shè)計(jì)測(cè)量青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱刻板印象,研究青年對(duì)離婚是否具有內(nèi)隱性別刻板印象以及歸因方式的差異,采用2(離婚者性別:男、女)×2(離婚的結(jié)果:痛苦、不痛苦)×2(離婚與性別刻板印象的一致性:一致、不一致)×2(被試性別:男、女)混合設(shè)計(jì)。其中,離婚者性別、離婚的結(jié)果與離婚與性別刻板印象的一致性是被試內(nèi)變量,被試性別是被試間變量。 實(shí)驗(yàn)二結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)青年被試對(duì)離婚存在顯著的性別刻板印象,青年被試認(rèn)為離婚女性比離婚男性受到更多的傷害,并且這一性別刻板印象不存在性別差異。在進(jìn)行歸因時(shí),離婚者的性別對(duì)青年被試的歸因有顯著影響,青年被試對(duì)“離婚女性更痛苦”進(jìn)行歸因時(shí),傾向于內(nèi)歸因,而對(duì)“離婚男性更痛苦”進(jìn)行歸因時(shí),傾向于外歸因。 通過(guò)以上研究,得出下面的結(jié)論: (1)青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度是消極的; (2)青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度存在性別差異; (3)青年女性對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱態(tài)度比青年男性積極; (4)青年對(duì)于離婚具有明顯的內(nèi)隱性別刻板印象; (5)青年認(rèn)為離婚女性比離婚男性更痛苦; (6)青年對(duì)離婚的內(nèi)隱性別刻板印象不存在性別差異。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the divorce rate of our country continues to rise, causing a lot of negative effects on family harmony and social stability. In the past, the research on divorce at home and abroad mostly focused on the causes of divorce and the impact of divorce on children, and the empirical research on people's attitude towards divorce is relatively scarce. The investigation of divorce attitude by questionnaire or self-report scale showed that the explicit attitude could not represent the true attitude in the heart of the subjects. Young people are in an important period of transition from love to marriage, to investigate and understand their implicit attitudes towards divorce and whether they hold stereotypical attitudes towards divorce, thereby effectively predicting their subsequent behaviour, It can provide more effective counseling and attitude intervention for young people to avoid marriage crisis and save marriage relationship. This study included two experiments: the first experiment used the GNAT implicit attitude measurement method to test the implicit attitude of young people to divorce with "positive" and "negative" evaluation attributes, using 2 (gender: male). Female) 脳 4 (target attribute phrase: divorce positive, divorce negative, family positive, family negative) mixed design. Among them, gender is the inter-test variable, and the target attribute is the intra-test variable. The results of experiment 1 showed that the implicit attitude of young people to divorce was negative, and the implicit attitude towards family was positive, and the sensitivity of young women to divorce was higher than that of young men. That is, the implicit attitude of young women to divorce is more positive than that of young men. In the second experiment, the implicit stereotype of divorce was measured by SEB design, and the difference of implicit stereotype and attribution was studied. 2 (divorce sex: male, female, male) was used in experiment 2 (divorce sex: male, female, male). Female) 脳 2 (outcome of divorce: pain, not pain) 脳 2 (consistency of divorce and gender stereotype: consistent, inconsistent) 脳 2 (subject sex: male, female) mixed design. Among them, the gender of divorcees, the result of divorce and the consistency between divorce and gender stereotype are the internal variables of the subjects, and the sex of the subjects is the inter-test variable. The results of experiment 2 showed that young people had a significant gender stereotype about divorce. The young subjects considered that divorced women suffered more harm than divorced men, and there was no gender difference in this gender stereotype. In the attribution process, the divorcees' gender had a significant impact on the attribution of the young subjects. When the young subjects were attributing to "divorced women who were more painful," they tended to be internal attribution, while "divorced men were more painful" when they were attributing to the attribution. Tend to external attribution. Through the above research, the following conclusions are drawn: (1) the implicit attitude of young people to divorce is negative; (2) there is gender difference in the implicit attitude of youth to divorce; (3) the implicit attitude of young women to divorce is more positive than that of young men, (4) the implicit stereotype of divorce is obvious among young women; (5) the young people think that divorced women are more painful than divorced men, and (6) there is no gender difference in the implicit stereotype of divorce among young people.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：河北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號(hào)】：C913.1

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