【摘要】：祭鄂博儀式是裕固族牧民社會生活中最為重要的宗教儀式,是裕固族古老文化的縮影,它不僅有著極其豐富的文化內(nèi)涵,也是裕固族人日常生活中極為重要的組成部分。裕固族的祭鄂博儀式如同其他民族的民間儀式一樣,在裕固族社會變遷的進程中,經(jīng)歷著“延續(xù)一斷裂一復興—變遷”的嬗變歷程。 本文沿用儀式與社會變遷的視角,將祭鄂博儀式置于裕固族社會變遷的背景中來考察儀式的功能與變遷,從祭鄂博儀式的變遷中分析儀式對于當?shù)厣鐣畹囊饬x。首先,闡述祭鄂博儀式自20世紀80年代以來所發(fā)生的嬗變；其次,探究儀式的社會功能,,并從儀式的變遷中考察其功能的變化,從祭鄂博儀式的變遷中分析其功能的轉(zhuǎn)換,最后,對祭鄂博儀式發(fā)生變遷的動因進行了探析。 基于以上設想,本文首先討論了儀式自復興以后所經(jīng)歷的變遷,以及其功能發(fā)生的變遷,祭鄂博儀式復興后的變遷主要表現(xiàn)在以下六個方面：鄂博形制的變遷；儀式主持人的變遷；儀式參與人的變遷；儀式中語言、服飾的變遷,從民間信仰到民族文化；從宗教活動到民族節(jié)日。而儀式功能的變遷主要表現(xiàn)為六個方面：經(jīng)濟功能實現(xiàn)方式的轉(zhuǎn)變；由神圣性向娛樂性轉(zhuǎn)變；文化功能的變化；向整合社會關系的轉(zhuǎn)變；向整合社區(qū)結構的轉(zhuǎn)變；向整合民族關系的轉(zhuǎn)變。研究結果表明,社會變遷是祭鄂博儀式變遷的前提,儀式變遷是裕固族民眾對社會變遷的回應,而儀式文化在現(xiàn)代力量沖擊下的變遷與民眾的自主性適應和選擇決定了儀式變遷的方向。
[Abstract]:The ceremony of sacrificing Obo is the most important religious ceremony in the social life of Yugur herdsmen and the epitome of Yugur's ancient culture. It not only has extremely rich cultural connotations, but also is an extremely important part of the daily life of Yugur people. Like other folk rituals, the Yugur ritual of offering sacrifices to Obo has undergone the process of "continuation-rupture, rejuvenation and vicissitude" in the process of Yugur's social change. From the perspective of ritual and social change, this paper studies the function and changes of ritual in the background of Yugur's social change, and analyzes the significance of ritual to local social life from the change of ritual of oblation to Obo. First of all, it expounds the evolution of the ritual of oblation of Obo since the 1980s; secondly, it probes into the social function of the ritual, investigates the change of its function from the change of ritual, and analyzes the transformation of its function from the vicissitude of oblation to Obo. At last, the reason of the change of oblation ceremony is analyzed. Based on the above assumptions, this paper first discusses the changes experienced by the ceremony since the revival, and its function changes, the changes after the ceremony of worship Obo mainly reflected in the following six aspects: the change of Obo form system; The vicissitude of ceremony host; the vicissitude of ritual participant; the change of language and dress in ceremony, from folk belief to national culture; from religious activity to national festival. The change of ritual function is mainly manifested in six aspects: the transformation of economic function realization mode; the transformation from sacredness to entertainment; the change of cultural function; the transformation to integration of social relations; the transformation to integrated community structure; The transition to the integration of ethnic relations. The results show that the social change is the premise of the ritual change of the oblation of Obo, and the ritual change is the response of the Yugur people to the social change. The change of ritual culture under the impact of modern power and the adaptation and choice of people's autonomy determine the direction of ritual change.
【學位授予單位】：西北民族大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：C912.8

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