【摘要】：當(dāng)前中國(guó)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的分析框架有西方現(xiàn)代化理論和馬克思的三大社會(huì)形態(tài)理論兩種，社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型既是社會(huì)結(jié)構(gòu)由傳統(tǒng)型向現(xiàn)代型的全面轉(zhuǎn)型，也是人的依賴性向以物的依賴性為基礎(chǔ)的人的獨(dú)立性的轉(zhuǎn)型。處于復(fù)雜、多變的轉(zhuǎn)型期中的社會(huì)陷入傳統(tǒng)與現(xiàn)代的交織，個(gè)體則面臨變革與守護(hù)的考驗(yàn)。其中，社會(huì)管理方式中的單位制與戶籍制在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型期的變革給個(gè)體身份的確認(rèn)帶來(lái)了不確定性焦慮，辨認(rèn)“我是誰(shuí)”的重要依據(jù)受到影響，同時(shí)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)空間的迅猛發(fā)展又將個(gè)體的“自我”推向由于虛擬世界與現(xiàn)實(shí)世界的分離造成的分裂困境。 個(gè)體自我認(rèn)同是個(gè)體對(duì)“我是誰(shuí)”的回答，應(yīng)當(dāng)從個(gè)體自我意識(shí)、個(gè)體自我評(píng)價(jià)活動(dòng)及其機(jī)制以及認(rèn)同體驗(yàn)的獲得等各方面整體把握其內(nèi)涵，并同時(shí)意識(shí)到自我認(rèn)同在個(gè)體層面與社會(huì)層面的不同側(cè)重，即在個(gè)體層面表現(xiàn)為個(gè)體對(duì)自身的理性確認(rèn)，在社會(huì)層面則表現(xiàn)為個(gè)體對(duì)社會(huì)價(jià)值等方面的內(nèi)化。因而就一定程度而言，個(gè)體自我認(rèn)同是更具特點(diǎn)、更富有內(nèi)涵的一個(gè)整體，，是在個(gè)體社會(huì)意義的確認(rèn)與社會(huì)情感的生成得到共同實(shí)現(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上形成的。換句話說(shuō)，自我認(rèn)同就是個(gè)體社會(huì)歸屬感的實(shí)現(xiàn)，表現(xiàn)為個(gè)體保持獨(dú)立自主，積極參與社會(huì)變革。 在社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型中重塑個(gè)體自我認(rèn)同，個(gè)體自身能力的增強(qiáng)與社會(huì)發(fā)展方式的相應(yīng)轉(zhuǎn)換都尤為重要。這兩個(gè)方面具體表現(xiàn)為建構(gòu)自我意識(shí)覺(jué)醒、主體性確立的反思性的個(gè)體；調(diào)整生產(chǎn)力發(fā)展路徑、引領(lǐng)社會(huì)價(jià)值觀念和倡導(dǎo)合理的社會(huì)生活方式等。尊重個(gè)體間的差異，并深刻意識(shí)到任何個(gè)體都無(wú)法脫離社會(huì)而存在，將為形成個(gè)體與社會(huì)之間的良好互動(dòng)提供可能，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)個(gè)體在社會(huì)中“安身立命”，獲得社會(huì)歸屬感的目的。 重視個(gè)體自我認(rèn)同的實(shí)現(xiàn)在塑造反思性的個(gè)體，從而在個(gè)體與社會(huì)的互動(dòng)中將經(jīng)過(guò)重新確認(rèn)和確立的價(jià)值或期望內(nèi)化并反映到個(gè)體行為中的意義，能夠有效應(yīng)對(duì)社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)型的困境，促進(jìn)社會(huì)主義和諧社會(huì)的建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:At present, there are two kinds of analytical framework of social transformation in China: Western modernization theory and Marx's three social formation theories. Social transformation is not only a comprehensive transformation of social structure from traditional to modern. It is also the transition from the dependence of man to the independence of man on the basis of material dependence. The society in the complex and changeable transition period is intertwined with tradition and modernity, while the individual faces the test of change and protection. Among them, the transformation of unit system and household registration system in the social management mode in the social transition period brings uncertainty anxiety to the identification of individual identity, and the important basis for identifying "who I am" is affected, at the same time, With the rapid development of cyberspace, the "self" of the individual is pushed to the break-up dilemma caused by the separation of the virtual world and the real world. Individual self-identity is the individual's answer to "who I am", which should be grasped from the aspects of individual self-consciousness, individual self-evaluation activity and its mechanism, and the acquisition of identity experience. At the same time, it realizes the different emphasis of self-identity on the individual level and the social level, that is, the individual's rational confirmation of himself at the individual level, and the internalization of the individual's social value on the social level. Therefore, to a certain extent, individual self-identity is a whole with more characteristics and connotation, which is formed on the basis of the recognition of individual social meaning and the formation of social emotion. In other words, self-identity is the realization of an individual's sense of belonging. It is very important to reshape individual self-identity, to enhance individual ability and to change social development mode in social transformation. These two aspects are embodied in the construction of self-consciousness awakening, the establishment of subjective reflexive individuals, the adjustment of the path of productive forces development, the guidance of social values and the advocacy of a reasonable social way of life, and so on. Respecting the differences among individuals and being aware that no individual can exist without society will provide the possibility for good interaction between individuals and society, thereby realizing the "security" of individuals in society, The purpose of gaining a sense of belonging in society. Attaching importance to the realization of individual self-identity in shaping the reflective individual, thus internalizing the values or expectations that have been reconfirmed and established in the interaction between the individual and society and reflecting the significance of the individual's behavior, Can effectively deal with the plight of social transformation and promote the construction of a harmonious socialist society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：上海大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：C912.1

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