發(fā)布時間：2018-07-23 10:25

【摘要】：隨著老齡化社會的來臨,老年人的身體狀況和生活質量的日益受到關注,與此同時,為了更好的應對老齡化帶來的各種社會問題,幫助老年人度過一個幸福的晚年,社會各界對老年人的精神狀況也愈加重視。抑郁癥是老年人常見的精神疾病,要緩解老年抑郁癥患者的癥狀,需要全面的關注其存在的問題,不僅僅集中在精神層面和身體層面,更要關注老年抑郁癥患者的社會融入問題。通過研究現(xiàn)有的文獻可以發(fā)現(xiàn),在現(xiàn)階段,大部分的專家學者對抑郁癥的研究主要集中在抑郁癥診斷、病因、老年抑郁癥臨床特征以及治療護理等方面。關于社會工作介入老年抑郁癥的研究是少之又少。特別是針對老年抑郁癥精神層面和社會融入方面的研究更少。在為數(shù)不多的研究文獻中,都是從宏觀的角度看待社會工作對于老年抑郁癥的介入,只是提出了社會工作的模式和一些工作方法。并沒有去深入分析直接服務在改善老年抑郁癥患者情況中的具體操作及效果。每位老年抑郁癥患者面臨的情況不同,表現(xiàn)出來的問題也不同,因而在運用社會工作的方法對老年抑郁癥患者進行介入的時候,需要靈活地運用社會工作的技巧,分析其實際情況,制定針對性的服務方法。通過查閱文獻資料、參與觀察、個案訪談,分析影響老年抑郁癥患者的原因并結合自身直接服務工作的經(jīng)驗制定出相應的服務計劃。然后以個案的方式對老年抑郁癥患者進行介入。本文以北京市西城區(qū)某社區(qū)的某老人為例,通過個案社會工作的方法介入來改變案主的情況。筆者把緩解案主情緒,增強案主的信心,改善案主的人際關系,發(fā)掘案主自身優(yōu)勢資源,建立案主的社會支持網(wǎng)絡,最終協(xié)助案主融入正常社會生活作為目標。通過研究發(fā)現(xiàn),對于老年抑郁癥患者情況的改善,家庭、朋輩群體、社會的支持起著至關重要的作用。因而在運用個案工作介入老年抑郁癥患者的過程中必須發(fā)揮社會支持網(wǎng)絡的作用,并為缺乏支持網(wǎng)絡的抑郁癥患者建立支持網(wǎng)絡。在實際開展工作的過程中,要把個案工作與家庭社會工作以及小組工作相結合,最大限度的為老年抑郁癥患者提供全方位、多角度的圍觀微觀服務。在以此為老年社會工作者提供一些借鑒和參考,為政府制定相關老年政策措施提供科學依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:With the advent of an aging society, the physical condition and quality of life of the elderly are receiving more and more attention. At the same time, in order to better deal with the various social problems brought by the aging, the elderly will be helped through a happy old age. People from all walks of life pay more and more attention to the mental condition of the elderly. Depression is a common mental disease in the elderly. In order to alleviate the symptoms of the elderly patients with depression, we need to pay attention to its existing problems, not only in the mental and physical level. We should pay more attention to the social integration of the elderly patients with depression. Through the study of the existing literature, it can be found that at this stage, the majority of experts and scholars mainly focus on the diagnosis of depression, etiology, clinical characteristics of depression in the elderly, as well as treatment and nursing. Research on social work intervention in elderly depression is rare. In particular, less research has been done on the mental and social integration aspects of depression in the elderly. In the few research literatures, the intervention of social work in senile depression is viewed from a macro perspective, but the mode of social work and some working methods are proposed. The operation and effect of direct service in improving elderly patients with depression were not analyzed in depth. Each elderly depression patient faces different situations and presents different problems. Therefore, when using social work to intervene in elderly depression patients, we need to use social work skills flexibly. Analysis of its actual situation, the development of targeted service methods. Through consulting literature, participating in observation, case interview, analyzing the causes of affecting elderly patients with depression and combining their own experience of direct service work to formulate the corresponding service plan. Then the elderly depression patients were involved in a case study. This paper takes an old man in a community in Xicheng District of Beijing as an example to change the situation of the victim by the method of individual social work. The author regards it as the goal to alleviate the victim's emotion, enhance his confidence, improve his interpersonal relationship, discover his own superior resources, establish his social support network, and finally assist him to integrate into normal social life. It is found that it plays an important role in the improvement of elderly depression patients, family, peer group and social support. Therefore, it is necessary to play the role of social support network in the process of using case work to intervene in elderly patients with depression, and to establish a support network for depression patients who lack the support network. In the process of practical work, case work should be combined with family social work and group work to provide all-round, multi-angle and microscopic services to elderly patients with depression. In order to provide some reference for the elderly social workers and provide scientific basis for the government to formulate policies and measures related to the elderly.
【學位授予單位】：吉林農(nóng)業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：C913.6

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本文編號：2139094