新農(nóng)合制度對農(nóng)村勞動力流動的影響
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-21 15:12
【摘要】：農(nóng)村醫(yī)療保障體系的構(gòu)建和完善是我國社會保障體系的一大難點(diǎn),也是我國社會保障體系建設(shè)的重點(diǎn)部分。新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療制度,簡稱"新農(nóng)合"。自2003年在部分省市試點(diǎn),并逐漸在全國范圍內(nèi)推廣開來。新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療其目的在于緩解農(nóng)村居民醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出壓力,防止"因病致貧,因病返貧"現(xiàn)象的再生的醫(yī)療制度。它由中央政府、地方政府和農(nóng)戶三方共同籌資建立,是以住院統(tǒng)籌和門診統(tǒng)籌為主要框架的新農(nóng)合基金,在解決農(nóng)民"看病難、看病貴"的問題上發(fā)揮了重要作用。在新農(nóng)合實(shí)施的十幾年以來,其在一定程度上降低了農(nóng)民的醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生支出壓力、改善了基層醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生條件,有效的提高了廣大農(nóng)民的醫(yī)療保障水平,提升了醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生整體福利。然而新農(nóng)合政策在制度上要求農(nóng)民在其戶籍所在地繳費(fèi)參合,并在當(dāng)?shù)匦l(wèi)生機(jī)構(gòu)看病報(bào)銷享受補(bǔ)償。對于新農(nóng)合參與者在異地報(bào)銷,不僅存在時(shí)間上的不及時(shí)性和手續(xù)繁雜等情況以外,還面臨著報(bào)銷比例下降與起付線增高的情況。這樣新農(nóng)合制度實(shí)際上對醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)在地域上做了限制。對于廣大農(nóng)民來說,在外務(wù)工流入地享受不到當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)療保障,新農(nóng)合制度又由于地域上的限制變相增加了外出務(wù)工的成本。在一定程度上,新農(nóng)合制度有可能對農(nóng)村勞動力在城鄉(xiāng)之間的流動產(chǎn)生影響。本文在此背景之下分析農(nóng)民參加新農(nóng)合政策是否會使農(nóng)民更加傾向于留在本地務(wù)農(nóng)與工作。通過以是否參合為選擇變量分析新農(nóng)合制度對農(nóng)村勞動力流動的影響,進(jìn)而為新農(nóng)合統(tǒng)籌層次提出合理化建議。對于影響農(nóng)村勞動力流動的新因素進(jìn)行分析,有利于通過政策調(diào)整引導(dǎo)農(nóng)村勞動力合理流動,保障農(nóng)民福利的同時(shí)繼續(xù)有效推進(jìn)城鎮(zhèn)化建設(shè)。在此研究思路之下本文的主要內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)安排如下:第一部分為緒論。主要介紹了關(guān)于研究的背景及在實(shí)際中的意義。第二部分為國內(nèi)與國外關(guān)于勞動力流動及醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)對其影響的研究成果綜述。對國內(nèi)外關(guān)于勞動力流動、勞動力遷移以及醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)制度對于農(nóng)村勞動力流動影響理論進(jìn)行歸納綜述。從理論分析的脈絡(luò)中,尋找分析影響勞動力流動的因素,并在此基礎(chǔ)上尋找新型農(nóng)村合作醫(yī)療這一新因素可能對農(nóng)村勞動力流動產(chǎn)生影響的原因。在理論分析過程中主要分析了國外經(jīng)典勞動力流動理論包括推拉理論、劉易斯理論和托達(dá)羅模型,同時(shí)分析國內(nèi)方面對于勞動力流動的動機(jī)和原因的研究,以及醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)對勞動力流動的影響。第三部分在理論分析的基礎(chǔ)之上,根據(jù)效用模型對于所建實(shí)證模型的作用機(jī)制做簡要分析,農(nóng)村勞動力根據(jù)流出地以及勞動力輸入地總效用大小為依據(jù)來決定是否進(jìn)行務(wù)工地點(diǎn)的改變,同時(shí)從社會保障總體角度分析其對勞動力供需的影響。第四部分利用"中國健康及營養(yǎng)數(shù)據(jù)"及各年度統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒數(shù)據(jù),利用微觀計(jì)量經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)方法建立二元選擇模型,研究是否參與新農(nóng)合對農(nóng)村勞動力流動的影響。并且在勞動力流動是否參加受新農(nóng)合影響研究的基礎(chǔ)之上,建立多元離散選擇模型分析農(nóng)村勞動力在新農(nóng)合制度異地報(bào)銷比例差異的影響之下對務(wù)工地點(diǎn)在縣內(nèi)、省內(nèi)縣外以及省外之間進(jìn)行重新選擇的影響。第五部分根據(jù)實(shí)證分析的結(jié)果,并結(jié)合理論知識及現(xiàn)實(shí)情況提出合理化建議,促進(jìn)農(nóng)村勞動力在城鄉(xiāng)之間合理流動,緩解農(nóng)村就業(yè)壓力的同時(shí)為城市提供充足的勞動力供給,促進(jìn)城鄉(xiāng)健康快速發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The construction and perfection of the rural medical security system is a difficult point of the social security system in our country, and it is also the key part of the construction of the social security system in our country. New rural cooperative medical system, short of "Xin Nong-in". It is a pilot in some provinces and cities in 2003 and is gradually spread across the country. The purpose of the new rural cooperative medical system is to relieve the pressure of medical and health expenditure of rural residents and prevent the regeneration of the "The disease is poor due to the disease, and the disease is returned to the poor." phenomenon. It is set up by the central government, the local government and the farmer's three-party co-financing, which is the new agriculture and closing fund which is the main framework of the integrated and outpatient service of the hospital, and plays an important role in solving the problem of the farmer's "It's hard to see the disease. It's expensive to see the disease.". More than ten years after the implementation of the new agriculture, it has reduced the pressure of the farmers' medical and health expenditure to a certain extent, has improved the medical and health conditions of the grass-roots level, effectively improves the medical security level of the farmers, and improves the overall welfare of the medical and health. However, the new non-agricultural co-operation policy, on the system, requires the farmers to pay the contributions at their place of residence, and to compensate for the reimbursement of the medical treatment of the local health institutions. In addition to the non-timeliness of time and the complexity of procedures, the reimbursement rate is also facing the increase of the reimbursement rate and the increase of the pay-down line for the new non-agricultural co-participants in the off-site reimbursement. Such a new farming system actually limits the area of health insurance. For a large number of farmers, the outside migrant workers can't enjoy the local medical security, and the new farming system increases the cost of the migrant workers in a disguised form due to the regional limitation. To some extent, the new farming system is likely to have an impact on the flow of rural labour between urban and rural areas. Under this background, it is necessary to analyze whether the farmers' participation in the new agriculture-in-one policy will make the farmers more inclined to stay in the local farming and work. The influence of the new farming system on the flow of the rural labor force is analyzed, and the reasonable suggestions are put forward for the new non-agricultural co-integration level. The paper analyses the new factors that affect the rural labor force flow, which is conducive to the rational flow of the rural labor force through the policy adjustment, and to guarantee the welfare of the farmers and to continue to promote the construction of the urbanization effectively. The main contents and structure of this paper are as follows: the first part is the introduction. The background and significance of the study are introduced. The second part is a review of the research results on the impact of the domestic and foreign labor movement and medical insurance. This paper summarizes the theories of labor mobility, labor migration and medical insurance system in the rural labor force. In the context of the analysis of the theory, the author finds out the factors that influence the flow of the labor force, and on the basis of this, it is possible to find out the influence of the new factors of the new rural cooperative medical service on the flow of the rural labor force. In the course of the theoretical analysis, the foreign classical labor flow theory is mainly analyzed, including the push-pull theory, the Lewis's theory and the Todaro model. At the same time, the study of the motive and cause of the labor flow in the country and the effect of the medical insurance on the labor force flow are analyzed. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, the third part makes a brief analysis on the mechanism of the utility model on the basis of the utility model, and the rural labor force decides whether to make the change of the work place according to the total utility size of the flow and the input of the labor force. At the same time, it analyzes its influence on the supply and demand of the labor force from the general angle of social security. The fourth part uses the "China's health and nutrition data" and the annual statistical yearbook data, and uses the micro-econometrics method to set up a binary selection model to study whether to participate in the influence of the new agriculture on the rural labor force. and a multi-element discrete selection model is established to analyze the influence of the rural labor force under the influence of the difference of the reimbursement proportion of the new non-farming system on the basis of whether the labor mobility participates in the research on the influence of the new agriculture, The effect of re-selection between the outside of the province and the outside of the province. The fifth part, based on the results of the empirical analysis, puts forward reasonable suggestions on the basis of the theoretical knowledge and the reality, to promote the rational flow of the rural labor force between the urban and rural areas, to alleviate the rural employment pressure, to provide adequate labor supply for the city, and to promote the rapid development of urban and rural health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F323.6;F842.684;F323.89
本文編號：2347342
[Abstract]:The construction and perfection of the rural medical security system is a difficult point of the social security system in our country, and it is also the key part of the construction of the social security system in our country. New rural cooperative medical system, short of "Xin Nong-in". It is a pilot in some provinces and cities in 2003 and is gradually spread across the country. The purpose of the new rural cooperative medical system is to relieve the pressure of medical and health expenditure of rural residents and prevent the regeneration of the "The disease is poor due to the disease, and the disease is returned to the poor." phenomenon. It is set up by the central government, the local government and the farmer's three-party co-financing, which is the new agriculture and closing fund which is the main framework of the integrated and outpatient service of the hospital, and plays an important role in solving the problem of the farmer's "It's hard to see the disease. It's expensive to see the disease.". More than ten years after the implementation of the new agriculture, it has reduced the pressure of the farmers' medical and health expenditure to a certain extent, has improved the medical and health conditions of the grass-roots level, effectively improves the medical security level of the farmers, and improves the overall welfare of the medical and health. However, the new non-agricultural co-operation policy, on the system, requires the farmers to pay the contributions at their place of residence, and to compensate for the reimbursement of the medical treatment of the local health institutions. In addition to the non-timeliness of time and the complexity of procedures, the reimbursement rate is also facing the increase of the reimbursement rate and the increase of the pay-down line for the new non-agricultural co-participants in the off-site reimbursement. Such a new farming system actually limits the area of health insurance. For a large number of farmers, the outside migrant workers can't enjoy the local medical security, and the new farming system increases the cost of the migrant workers in a disguised form due to the regional limitation. To some extent, the new farming system is likely to have an impact on the flow of rural labour between urban and rural areas. Under this background, it is necessary to analyze whether the farmers' participation in the new agriculture-in-one policy will make the farmers more inclined to stay in the local farming and work. The influence of the new farming system on the flow of the rural labor force is analyzed, and the reasonable suggestions are put forward for the new non-agricultural co-integration level. The paper analyses the new factors that affect the rural labor force flow, which is conducive to the rational flow of the rural labor force through the policy adjustment, and to guarantee the welfare of the farmers and to continue to promote the construction of the urbanization effectively. The main contents and structure of this paper are as follows: the first part is the introduction. The background and significance of the study are introduced. The second part is a review of the research results on the impact of the domestic and foreign labor movement and medical insurance. This paper summarizes the theories of labor mobility, labor migration and medical insurance system in the rural labor force. In the context of the analysis of the theory, the author finds out the factors that influence the flow of the labor force, and on the basis of this, it is possible to find out the influence of the new factors of the new rural cooperative medical service on the flow of the rural labor force. In the course of the theoretical analysis, the foreign classical labor flow theory is mainly analyzed, including the push-pull theory, the Lewis's theory and the Todaro model. At the same time, the study of the motive and cause of the labor flow in the country and the effect of the medical insurance on the labor force flow are analyzed. On the basis of the theoretical analysis, the third part makes a brief analysis on the mechanism of the utility model on the basis of the utility model, and the rural labor force decides whether to make the change of the work place according to the total utility size of the flow and the input of the labor force. At the same time, it analyzes its influence on the supply and demand of the labor force from the general angle of social security. The fourth part uses the "China's health and nutrition data" and the annual statistical yearbook data, and uses the micro-econometrics method to set up a binary selection model to study whether to participate in the influence of the new agriculture on the rural labor force. and a multi-element discrete selection model is established to analyze the influence of the rural labor force under the influence of the difference of the reimbursement proportion of the new non-farming system on the basis of whether the labor mobility participates in the research on the influence of the new agriculture, The effect of re-selection between the outside of the province and the outside of the province. The fifth part, based on the results of the empirical analysis, puts forward reasonable suggestions on the basis of the theoretical knowledge and the reality, to promote the rational flow of the rural labor force between the urban and rural areas, to alleviate the rural employment pressure, to provide adequate labor supply for the city, and to promote the rapid development of urban and rural health.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F323.6;F842.684;F323.89
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，本文編號：2347342
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