山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民健康不平等及其分解研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-07-20 11:49
【摘要】：研究背景健康是人類(lèi)存在和發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ),追求健康是人類(lèi)社會(huì)的共同奮斗目標(biāo)。改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)的迅速發(fā)展、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生技術(shù)水平的進(jìn)步以及社會(huì)保障制度的逐步完善,居民的健康狀況明顯改善,期望壽命大幅提高。但居民健康水平在不同地區(qū)之間、不同人群之間的不平等現(xiàn)象依然存在,特別是由收入等社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)因素導(dǎo)致的健康不平等出現(xiàn)加劇的趨勢(shì)。研究目的本論文利用全國(guó)第五次衛(wèi)生服務(wù)調(diào)查山東省部分的數(shù)據(jù),通過(guò)對(duì)自評(píng)健康相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析,了解城鄉(xiāng)居民自評(píng)健康不平等的影響因素,探索居民自評(píng)健康的不平等程度,并對(duì)城鄉(xiāng)居民健康不平等的來(lái)源進(jìn)行分析,并按其重要性進(jìn)行排序,在此基礎(chǔ)上有針對(duì)性的提出改善山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民自評(píng)健康不平等的對(duì)策建議。研究方法資料來(lái)源于山東省第五次全國(guó)衛(wèi)生服務(wù)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)。第五次衛(wèi)生服務(wù)調(diào)查采用多階段分層整群隨機(jī)抽樣的方法進(jìn)行抽取,共抽取20個(gè)樣本縣(市、區(qū)),共12000戶(近4萬(wàn)人)納入本次調(diào)查。本研究根據(jù)需要選取15歲以上的居民共27599人。利用STATA12.0軟件進(jìn)行統(tǒng)計(jì)分析,對(duì)變量進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析、單因素卡方檢驗(yàn)以及Logistic回歸分析,探索影響居民自評(píng)健康結(jié)果的因素,利用集中指數(shù)分解法探索各個(gè)影響因素對(duì)居民自評(píng)健康結(jié)果不平等的貢獻(xiàn)率。主要結(jié)果(1)山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民自評(píng)健康不良率為12.4%,其中城鎮(zhèn)居民自評(píng)健康不良率為11.3%,農(nóng)村居民自評(píng)健康不良率為13.7%。(2)L ogistic回歸結(jié)果顯示,影響城鄉(xiāng)居民自評(píng)健康不良結(jié)果的因素中,年齡、婚姻狀況、受教育程度、就業(yè)狀況、居住地區(qū)、廁所類(lèi)型、家庭人均收入等差異有統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)意義(P0.05)。(3)山東省城鎮(zhèn)居民自評(píng)健康不良結(jié)果的集中指數(shù)為-0.125,農(nóng)村居民自評(píng)健康不良結(jié)果的集中指數(shù)為-0.287,集中曲線均位于絕對(duì)公平線的上方。(4)城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū),收入、受教育水平、廁所類(lèi)型對(duì)自評(píng)健康不良的貢獻(xiàn)率分別為64.492%、26.603%、10.492%；農(nóng)村地區(qū)收入、年齡、受教育水平對(duì)自評(píng)健康不良的貢獻(xiàn)率分別為48.394%、13.842%、10.412%。結(jié)論與建議山東省城鄉(xiāng)居民自評(píng)健康存在親窮不平等,農(nóng)村居民自評(píng)健康不平等程度大于城鎮(zhèn)居民。城鄉(xiāng)居民自評(píng)健康不平等的來(lái)源中收入是第一位的貢獻(xiàn)因素,受教育程度是主要貢獻(xiàn)因素。城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū),廁所類(lèi)型是影響居民自評(píng)健康不平等的第三位貢獻(xiàn)因素；農(nóng)村地區(qū)年齡是影響居民自評(píng)健康不平等的第二位貢獻(xiàn)因素；就業(yè)狀況會(huì)擴(kuò)大農(nóng)村地區(qū)自評(píng)健康不平等、縮小城鎮(zhèn)地區(qū)自評(píng)健康不平等。針對(duì)上述結(jié)論提出的政策建議有：縮小收入差距,促進(jìn)收入分配公平性；提高居民受教育水平,普及健康相關(guān)知識(shí)；加強(qiáng)農(nóng)民技能培訓(xùn),提高農(nóng)民技能；加快推進(jìn)對(duì)棚戶區(qū)、城中村改造工作。
[Abstract]:Background Health is the foundation of human existence and development, and the pursuit of health is the common goal of human society. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, the progress of medical and health technology and the gradual improvement of social security system, the health status of residents has been obviously improved, and the life expectancy has been greatly increased. However, the health level of residents in different regions and between different groups of people still exist inequality, especially the income and other social and economic factors caused by the health inequality is increasing trend. Objective to study the influencing factors of self-rated health inequality in urban and rural residents by analyzing the data of the fifth national health service survey in Shandong Province. To explore the inequality degree of residents' self-assessment of health, and analyze the sources of health inequality of urban and rural residents, and rank it according to its importance. On this basis, the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the health inequality of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province. The data of the research methods were derived from the data of the Fifth National Health Service Survey of Shandong Province. The fifth health service survey adopted the method of multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. A total of 20 sample counties (cities and districts) were selected and 12000 households (nearly 40 thousand people) were included in the survey. In this study, 27599 residents over 15 years old were selected according to their needs. Using STATA12.0 software for statistical analysis, descriptive statistical analysis of variables, single-factor chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors that affect the health outcomes of residents self-rated. The contribution rate of various influencing factors to the inequality of residents' self-rated health outcomes was explored by means of concentrated exponential decomposition method. The main results were as follows: (1) the rate of self-rated poor health of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province was 12.4. among them, the rate of self-rated health of urban and rural residents was 11.3 and that of rural residents was 13.7%. (2) the results of L ogistic regression showed that, among the factors influencing the self-assessment of poor health of urban and rural residents, Age, marital status, education, employment status, residence area, toilet type, There were significant differences in family per capita income (P0.05). (3). The concentration index of self-assessment of poor health results of urban residents in Shandong Province was -0.125, and that of rural residents was -0.287. The concentration curve was located on the line of absolute fairness. Above. (4) Urban areas, The contribution rate of income, education level and toilet type to self-rated health was 64.4920.26.603and 10.492.The contribution rate of income, age and education level to self-rated health was 48.39413.842and 10.412in rural areas, respectively. Conclusion and it is suggested that urban and rural residents in Shandong Province have inequality in self-assessment of health, and the degree of self-assessment of health of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents. Income is the first contributing factor and education level is the main contributing factor among the sources of self-rated health inequality of urban and rural residents. In urban areas, toilet type is the third contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality; age is the second contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality in rural areas; employment situation will expand self-assessment health inequality in rural areas. Reduce self-assessment of health inequality in urban areas. In response to the above conclusions, the policy recommendations are: narrowing the income gap, promoting income distribution equity; improving the education level of residents, popularizing health-related knowledge; strengthening farmers' skills training, improving farmers' skills; accelerating the promotion of shantytown, Transformation of villages in cities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R195
本文編號(hào)：2133421
[Abstract]:Background Health is the foundation of human existence and development, and the pursuit of health is the common goal of human society. Since the reform and opening up, with the rapid development of economy and society, the progress of medical and health technology and the gradual improvement of social security system, the health status of residents has been obviously improved, and the life expectancy has been greatly increased. However, the health level of residents in different regions and between different groups of people still exist inequality, especially the income and other social and economic factors caused by the health inequality is increasing trend. Objective to study the influencing factors of self-rated health inequality in urban and rural residents by analyzing the data of the fifth national health service survey in Shandong Province. To explore the inequality degree of residents' self-assessment of health, and analyze the sources of health inequality of urban and rural residents, and rank it according to its importance. On this basis, the author puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the health inequality of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province. The data of the research methods were derived from the data of the Fifth National Health Service Survey of Shandong Province. The fifth health service survey adopted the method of multi-stage stratified cluster random sampling. A total of 20 sample counties (cities and districts) were selected and 12000 households (nearly 40 thousand people) were included in the survey. In this study, 27599 residents over 15 years old were selected according to their needs. Using STATA12.0 software for statistical analysis, descriptive statistical analysis of variables, single-factor chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to explore the factors that affect the health outcomes of residents self-rated. The contribution rate of various influencing factors to the inequality of residents' self-rated health outcomes was explored by means of concentrated exponential decomposition method. The main results were as follows: (1) the rate of self-rated poor health of urban and rural residents in Shandong Province was 12.4. among them, the rate of self-rated health of urban and rural residents was 11.3 and that of rural residents was 13.7%. (2) the results of L ogistic regression showed that, among the factors influencing the self-assessment of poor health of urban and rural residents, Age, marital status, education, employment status, residence area, toilet type, There were significant differences in family per capita income (P0.05). (3). The concentration index of self-assessment of poor health results of urban residents in Shandong Province was -0.125, and that of rural residents was -0.287. The concentration curve was located on the line of absolute fairness. Above. (4) Urban areas, The contribution rate of income, education level and toilet type to self-rated health was 64.4920.26.603and 10.492.The contribution rate of income, age and education level to self-rated health was 48.39413.842and 10.412in rural areas, respectively. Conclusion and it is suggested that urban and rural residents in Shandong Province have inequality in self-assessment of health, and the degree of self-assessment of health of rural residents is greater than that of urban residents. Income is the first contributing factor and education level is the main contributing factor among the sources of self-rated health inequality of urban and rural residents. In urban areas, toilet type is the third contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality; age is the second contributing factor to self-assessment health inequality in rural areas; employment situation will expand self-assessment health inequality in rural areas. Reduce self-assessment of health inequality in urban areas. In response to the above conclusions, the policy recommendations are: narrowing the income gap, promoting income distribution equity; improving the education level of residents, popularizing health-related knowledge; strengthening farmers' skills training, improving farmers' skills; accelerating the promotion of shantytown, Transformation of villages in cities.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：R195
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