本文選題：鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí) + 耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)��； 參考：《山西大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)民作為耕地的使用者和維護(hù)者,耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí)豐富,加上我國(guó)城鄉(xiāng)二元化,農(nóng)村社會(huì)保障并不完善的背景,農(nóng)民也是最需要耕地、耕地保護(hù)意愿最迫切的群體。因此,挖掘、整理、利用耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方面的鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí),開(kāi)展耕地對(duì)農(nóng)民的價(jià)值研究不僅對(duì)于耕地保護(hù)工作具有重要的意義,而且可以為我國(guó)的耕地資源管理、土地征收制度改革等工作拓展視野并提供新的思路。各村莊均有"專(zhuān)屬"的耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果,但由于環(huán)境局限性其結(jié)果并不能直接推廣到更大的范圍或其他區(qū)域。鑒于此,本研究以寧武縣恢河沿岸的黃土丘陵區(qū)為例,整理、提煉并利用耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方面的鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí),形成基于村莊鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí)的耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)研究區(qū)的耕地質(zhì)量進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)。定級(jí)成果將研究區(qū)耕地質(zhì)量分為四級(jí),其中:一級(jí)地815.31 hm~2,占全區(qū)耕地的24.94%,位于河流、湖泊沿岸或者地勢(shì)較低、土層較厚的地帶,水分條件良好;二級(jí)地1086.03 hm~2,占全區(qū)耕地的33.22%,位于研究區(qū)中部及西部地勢(shì)相對(duì)平坦的區(qū)域;三級(jí)地825.79 hm~2,占全區(qū)耕地的25.26%,主要分布在研究區(qū)東部,多處于緩坡地帶;四級(jí)地542.25 hm~2,占全區(qū)耕地的16.59%,散布在各村莊,主要分布在坡度較大、海拔相對(duì)較高、土壤耕層較薄的丘陵區(qū)。研究認(rèn)為:(1)耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí)應(yīng)該收集、提煉和利用;(2)基于村莊鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí)的耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方法可用于區(qū)域耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià),其成果不僅符合當(dāng)?shù)氐淖匀弧⒔?jīng)濟(jì)、社會(huì)實(shí)際,實(shí)踐性更強(qiáng),且比常規(guī)的方法更便捷、準(zhǔn)確,也可為今后我國(guó)的耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)提供新的視角和方法�；谘芯繀^(qū)耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)的結(jié)果,結(jié)合調(diào)查分析進(jìn)行耕地對(duì)研究區(qū)村民的價(jià)值研究。研究認(rèn)為:(1)耕地對(duì)研究區(qū)村民的功能主要表現(xiàn)在四個(gè)方面:直接的經(jīng)濟(jì)收益、基本的生活保障、就業(yè)保障、社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。研究區(qū)耕地的總價(jià)值為96629.42萬(wàn)元,其中經(jīng)濟(jì)價(jià)值為19088.92萬(wàn)元,占耕地總價(jià)值的19.75%;基本生活保障價(jià)值為16173.83萬(wàn)元,占耕地總價(jià)值的16.74%;就業(yè)保障價(jià)值為44801.29萬(wàn)元,占耕地總價(jià)值的46.36%;社會(huì)穩(wěn)定價(jià)值為16262.38萬(wàn)元,占耕地總價(jià)值的17.14%。由此可見(jiàn),對(duì)村民而言,研究區(qū)的耕地社會(huì)保障價(jià)值對(duì)村民的日常生活起著不容忽視的作用。綜上所述,耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)以及耕地的價(jià)值問(wèn)題一直是學(xué)者們爭(zhēng)論和研究的課題,從不同的視角,采用不同的方法開(kāi)展研究很有必要�；诖迩f鄉(xiāng)土知識(shí)的耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)方法為今后我國(guó)的耕地質(zhì)量評(píng)價(jià)工作提供了新的視角和研究方法;開(kāi)展耕地對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)卮迕竦膬r(jià)值研究也為我國(guó)研究農(nóng)地制度提供了一個(gè)新的認(rèn)識(shí)視角和分析框架。
[Abstract]:As the users and maintainers of cultivated land, farmers are rich in knowledge of cultivated land quality evaluation, coupled with the dualization of urban and rural areas, rural social security is not perfect background, farmers are most in need of arable land, arable land protection is the most urgent group. Therefore, it is of great significance not only for the protection of cultivated land, but also for the management of cultivated land resources to excavate, sort out, utilize the local knowledge of cultivated land quality evaluation, and carry out the research on the value of cultivated land to farmers. Land expropriation system reform and other work to expand the vision and provide new ideas. All villages have "exclusive" cultivated land quality evaluation results, but due to environmental limitations, the results can not be directly extended to a larger scope or other areas. In view of this, this study takes the loess hilly area along the Huihe River in Ningwu County as an example, collates, refines and utilizes the local knowledge in the evaluation of cultivated land quality, and forms an evaluation index system of cultivated land quality based on village local knowledge. The quality of cultivated land in the study area was evaluated. The quality of cultivated land in the study area was divided into four grades. Among them, the first grade land was 815.31 h ~ (-2), accounting for 24.94% of the cultivated land in the whole area. It was located along the banks of rivers, lakes or on the lower and thicker soil layers, and the water condition was good. The second grade land (1086.03 hmm2), accounting for 33.22% of the cultivated land in the whole area, is located in the relatively flat area in the central and western part of the study area, and the third grade land (825.79 hmm2), accounting for 25.26% of the cultivated land in the whole area, is mainly distributed in the eastern part of the study area, most of which are located in the gentle sloping land zone. The fourth grade land is 542.25 h ~ (-2), accounting for 16.59% of the cultivated land in the whole area. It is scattered in every village, mainly in the hilly area where the slope is relatively high, the altitude is relatively high, and the soil tilling layer is thin. The study shows that the local knowledge should be collected, refined and utilized in the evaluation of cultivated land quality. 2) the evaluation method of cultivated land quality based on village local knowledge can be used to evaluate the quality of regional cultivated land, and the results are not only in line with the local natural, economic and social realities. It is more practical, more convenient and more accurate than the conventional methods. It can also provide a new perspective and method for the evaluation of cultivated land quality in China in the future. Based on the evaluation results of cultivated land quality in the study area, the value of cultivated land to villagers in the study area was studied by means of investigation and analysis. It is concluded that the function of cultivated land to villagers in the study area is mainly manifested in four aspects: direct economic benefits, basic life security, employment security and social stability. The total value of cultivated land in the study area is 966.2942 million yuan, of which the economic value is 190.8892 million yuan, which accounts for 19.75 yuan of the total value of cultivated land; the basic living security value is 161.7383 million yuan, accounting for 16.74 yuan of the total value of cultivated land; and the employment security value is 448.0129 million yuan. The value of social stability is 162.6238 million yuan, accounting for 17.14% of the total value of cultivated land. Therefore, for the villagers, the social security value of cultivated land plays an important role in the villagers' daily life. To sum up, the evaluation of cultivated land quality and the value of cultivated land have always been debated and studied by scholars. It is necessary to use different methods to carry out the research from different perspectives. The evaluation method of cultivated land quality based on village local knowledge provides a new perspective and research method for the evaluation of cultivated land quality in China in the future. The research on the value of cultivated land to local villagers also provides a new perspective and analysis framework for the study of farmland system in China.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F323.211

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