本文選題：社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：中低收入靈活就業(yè)人員　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)已步入社會(huì)和經(jīng)濟(jì)轉(zhuǎn)型的關(guān)鍵時(shí)期,伴隨著新形勢(shì)的到來(lái),我國(guó)的勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)已經(jīng)發(fā)生了巨大的改變,近年來(lái),我國(guó)的靈活就業(yè)人員數(shù)量與日俱增,靈活就業(yè)已經(jīng)成為除正規(guī)就業(yè)之外最重要的就業(yè)方式。越來(lái)越多的下崗人員,農(nóng)村進(jìn)城務(wù)工人員、失業(yè)人員和大學(xué)生選擇靈活的就業(yè)方式。就業(yè)是民生之本,是撬動(dòng)人民幸福生活的支點(diǎn),發(fā)展好就業(yè)工作是經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)穩(wěn)定的前提條件。實(shí)踐證明,靈活就業(yè)人員為經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步做出了非常積極的貢獻(xiàn)。雖然靈活就業(yè)這一群體數(shù)量日益增多,在很大程度上促進(jìn)了我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)的進(jìn)步,但由于他們往往處于弱勢(shì)地位,使得靈活就業(yè)人員的社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題越來(lái)越凸顯。目前國(guó)家和各省市都相繼出臺(tái)了相關(guān)靈活就業(yè)人員參加養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的政策,在制度中對(duì)于如何參保都做了詳細(xì)的規(guī)定。但是靈活就業(yè)人員的參�，F(xiàn)狀仍然存在了很多問(wèn)題,如參保意愿不強(qiáng),參保率仍然偏低等。近幾年來(lái),由于人均壽命的逐漸延長(zhǎng)和年輕人口所占比重的減小,我國(guó)的人口老齡化進(jìn)程正在明顯加快,如果不能妥善解決靈活就業(yè)群體的社會(huì)保障問(wèn)題,今后必然會(huì)影響到我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)基金的平穩(wěn)運(yùn)行和可持續(xù)發(fā)展,給國(guó)家和社會(huì)造成負(fù)擔(dān)。因靈活就業(yè)人員參保行為的發(fā)生由其參保意愿直接決定,因此,如何提高靈活就業(yè)人員的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保意愿已經(jīng)成為一個(gè)迫切需要解決的課題。本文主要研究北京市中低收入靈活就業(yè)人員的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保意愿問(wèn)題。通過(guò)閱讀了國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的大量文獻(xiàn)后,選擇北京市兩個(gè)城區(qū)(西城區(qū)、豐臺(tái)區(qū))的三個(gè)地點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保意愿的問(wèn)卷調(diào)查,對(duì)這兩個(gè)城區(qū)的中低收入靈活就業(yè)人員的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)參保情況進(jìn)行實(shí)地調(diào)查研究,通過(guò)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查與個(gè)案訪談相結(jié)合的方式,了解靈活就業(yè)人員的基本情況、對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)政策的熟悉程度、認(rèn)知情況、滿意度、參保意愿以及未參保原因等,并分析影響他們參保意愿的因素,進(jìn)而探究提出能夠提高中低收入靈活就業(yè)人員參保意愿的政策建議,為完善針對(duì)于北京市靈活就業(yè)人員的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度提供一些基礎(chǔ)和支持。在分析了影響參保意愿的因素的基礎(chǔ)上,我們探索著提出一些政策建議。第一,應(yīng)采用法律制度來(lái)保障靈活就業(yè)人員的合法勞動(dòng)權(quán)益,社保部門(mén)還應(yīng)適當(dāng)?shù)膶?duì)他們進(jìn)行職業(yè)技術(shù)培訓(xùn),提高就業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,進(jìn)而提高收入水平。第二,增強(qiáng)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)政策的宣傳力度。政府或媒體應(yīng)當(dāng)加大宣傳力度讓靈活就業(yè)人員認(rèn)識(shí)到社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的重要性和必要性,增強(qiáng)他們對(duì)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的關(guān)注程度和參保意識(shí),提高其參加養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的意愿和積極性,從而決定其參保行為。第三,增強(qiáng)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)的靈活性,當(dāng)靈活就業(yè)群體由于某種原因不能繼續(xù)基本養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的繳費(fèi)時(shí),養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)制度應(yīng)當(dāng)能確保他們隨時(shí)繼續(xù)補(bǔ)繳養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)用的權(quán)利,同時(shí)其辦理轉(zhuǎn)移接續(xù)的流程應(yīng)當(dāng)簡(jiǎn)明便捷、容易操作。第四,循序漸進(jìn)的延長(zhǎng)繳費(fèi)年限,并稍微降低繳費(fèi)比例。這種低水平并且長(zhǎng)期的繳費(fèi)方式,既能讓靈活就業(yè)人員為自己的老年生活積累起一筆養(yǎng)老金,又能讓養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)基金長(zhǎng)期的收支平衡。第五,強(qiáng)制實(shí)施單位和個(gè)人共同參保。針對(duì)企業(yè)來(lái)說(shuō),政府必須在法律上強(qiáng)制其為靈活就業(yè)人員參保,并給予用人單位補(bǔ)貼,確立強(qiáng)有力的監(jiān)督管理機(jī)制,來(lái)促使企業(yè)為靈活就業(yè)人員承擔(dān)應(yīng)盡的義務(wù)。以上建議希望可以幫助提高北京市中低收入靈活就業(yè)人員養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)的參保意愿,進(jìn)而促進(jìn)北京市社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度的和諧發(fā)展,從而使我國(guó)的社會(huì)保障制度更加完善。
[Abstract]:Our country has entered a critical period of social and economic transformation, along with the arrival of the new situation, China's labor market has undergone tremendous changes, in recent years, the number of China's flexible employment and flexible employment has become grow with each passing day, in addition to regular employment outside the most important way of employment. More and more laid-off workers, rural migrant workers, unemployed workers and university students choose flexible employment. Employment is the people's livelihood, is the fulcrum leveraging a happy life for the people, the development of good employment is economic and social stability conditions. Practice has proved that the flexible employment has made a positive contribution to the economic development and social progress. Although flexible the employment of this group increased, largely promoted China's economic development and social progress, but because they are often in a weak position, the spirit of The social security problem of living employment is more and more prominent. At present the national various provinces and cities have introduced the relevant personnel to participate in the flexible employment pension insurance policy in the system for the insured to do the detailed provisions. But the insured status of flexible employment still exist many problems, such as the desire of participation is not strong, the participation rate is still low. In recent years, due to the reduced proportion life expectancy increases gradually and young population, the population aging process in China is significantly accelerated, if not properly solve of the flexible employment social security problems, the future will inevitably affect the smooth operation of the social insurance fund in our country and sustainable development, a burden to the state and society. Due to the occurrence of flexible employment insurance act by the insured will directly determine, therefore, how to improve the flexible employment pension insurance Willingness has become an urgent problem. Pension insurance will Beijing City, this paper mainly studies the problem of low-income flexible employment. Through reading a lot of literatures at home and abroad, choose a city in Beijing city (Xicheng District, Fengtai District) of the three sites conducted a survey of social pension insurance will, pension insurance of the two urban low-income flexible employment field research, through questionnaire investigation and case interview combination, understand the basic situation of flexible employment, the degree of familiarity with the endowment insurance policy cognition, satisfaction, willingness and uninsured reasons, and analysis the factors that influence their willingness to participate, and then explore the proposed to improve low-income flexible employment willingness to improve policy recommendations According to the Beijing municipal flexible employees social insurance system to provide some support and foundation. Based on the analysis of the factors affecting the willingness of the us to explore, put forward some policy suggestions. First, the legal system to protect the flexible employment of the legitimate labor rights, social security departments should carry out appropriate occupation technical training for them, to improve the employment competitiveness, and improve the level of income. Second, strengthen the endowment insurance policy propaganda. The government or the media should step up publicity efforts to make flexible employees aware of the importance and necessity of social endowment insurance of endowment insurance, increase their degree of attention and the insurance awareness, improve their willingness to participate in pension insurance and the enthusiasm, thus determine its insured behavior. Third, strengthen the endowment insurance transfer and continuation of flexibility, when the flexible employment groups for some reason To the basic old-age insurance payment, the endowment insurance system should be able to ensure that they continue to pay the pension costs at right, at the same time for the transfer and continuation of the process should be concise and convenient, easy to operate. Fourth, step by step to extend the payment period, and slightly reduce the proportion of payment. The low level and long term of payment, can to accumulate a flexible employment pension for their old age, and can let the pension insurance fund long-term balance. Fifth, enforcement units and individuals to the insured. For enterprises, the government must be in the law enforcement of the flexible employment insurance, and give the employer subsidies, the establishment of supervision and management strong, to encourage enterprises to undertake the obligation for flexible employment. These suggestions can help improve the Beijing City Low-income flexible employment The willingness to participate in the insurance of personnel endowment insurance promotes the harmonious development of the social insurance system in Beijing, thus making the social security system of our country more perfect.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F842.67

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