本文關(guān)鍵詞： 最低生活保障制度 福利依賴 就業(yè) 聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制　出處：《重慶理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：最低生活保障制度作為我國社會(huì)救助制度的重要組成部分,其設(shè)立的初衷就是為了能夠幫助人們擺脫貧困,切實(shí)保障其基本生活水平,因此最低生活保障制度也常常被看成是社會(huì)保障制度的最后一張安全網(wǎng),是社會(huì)救助制度的基礎(chǔ)和核心。自1993年實(shí)施最低生活保障制度以來,我國投入了大量的財(cái)力和物力,保障的人數(shù)和范圍也在不斷的擴(kuò)大,為了努力實(shí)現(xiàn)“應(yīng)保盡�！钡哪繕�(biāo),部分有勞動(dòng)能力的低收入人群及其家庭也納入了低保救助對(duì)象的范圍,這一系列的變化在一定程度上保障了居民的基本生存權(quán)利,使那些能力較低或者沒有勞動(dòng)能力的人不至于因?yàn)樨毨Ф鵁o法生存,但是這種對(duì)“應(yīng)保盡保”目標(biāo)的追逐在一定程度上導(dǎo)致了最低生活保障的膨脹。隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,隱性就業(yè)、隱性收入逐漸顯現(xiàn)并有所增多,另外由于我國最低生活保障制度自身設(shè)計(jì)的缺陷,造成社會(huì)上出現(xiàn)了大量的低保養(yǎng)懶漢、人情低保等“福利依賴”問題頻發(fā),這種現(xiàn)象不僅造成了勞動(dòng)力資源的浪費(fèi),加重了政府的財(cái)政負(fù)擔(dān),而且還在一定程度上致使那些真正需要“低�！钡娜巳合硎懿坏綉�(yīng)有的待遇和保障,這大大地影響了社會(huì)公平和效率,進(jìn)一步加劇了社會(huì)矛盾,所以最低生活保障制度帶來的福利依賴問題需要及時(shí)解決。福利依賴問題的出現(xiàn)反映了一些社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)問題和我國社保制度的設(shè)計(jì)缺陷,一方面一些有勞動(dòng)能力的人由于得不到合適的工作,沒有經(jīng)濟(jì)收入,只能依賴國家的救濟(jì)來維持基本生活,另一方面,由于低保制度缺乏監(jiān)管和退出機(jī)制,一部分人通過特殊的方法進(jìn)入“低�！本戎I(lǐng)域,獲得更多醫(yī)療、衛(wèi)生、教育、住房等相關(guān)的福利優(yōu)惠,占用低保名額;所以解決福利依賴問題,應(yīng)該著眼于最低生活保障制度的本身,剔除最低生活保障制度設(shè)計(jì)的弊端,分化最低生活保障的附加福利,加強(qiáng)監(jiān)管職能,保障切實(shí)需要低保救助人群的切身利益,為那些有勞動(dòng)能力的低保人群解決就業(yè)問題等。本研究將依托最低生活保障制度與福利依賴等相關(guān)理論,在前人研究的基礎(chǔ)上,分析我國最低生活保障制度的發(fā)展歷程和福利依賴問題的表現(xiàn)以及成因,通過運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)年鑒、文獻(xiàn)收集到的有用數(shù)據(jù),對(duì)最低生活保障制度對(duì)就業(yè)的影響進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析,討論最低生活保障制度相關(guān)因素對(duì)就業(yè)的實(shí)際影響,再結(jié)合國外解決福利依賴問題的經(jīng)驗(yàn),吸取有利信息,最后,通過建立最低生活保障制度與就業(yè)之間的聯(lián)動(dòng)機(jī)制從各個(gè)方面解決福利依賴問題,并提出相關(guān)的措施和建議。
[Abstract]:As an important part of our social assistance system, the minimum living security system was set up in order to help people out of poverty and ensure their basic standard of living. Therefore, the minimum living security system is often regarded as the last safety net of the social security system and the foundation and core of the social assistance system. Since the implementation of the minimum living security system in 1993, our country has invested a lot of financial and material resources. The number and scope of guarantees are also constantly expanding. In order to strive to achieve the goal of "should be insured," some low-income people with working ability and their families have also been included in the scope of the minimum allowance recipients. To some extent, this series of changes has guaranteed the residents' basic right to live so that those who are less able or unable to work will not be unable to survive because of poverty. However, this pursuit of the goal of "guaranteed to the fullest extent" has led to the expansion of minimum living security to a certain extent. With the development of the economy, recessive employment, recessive income has gradually appeared and increased. In addition, due to the defects in the design of our minimum living security system itself, there have been a large number of "welfare dependence" problems such as low maintenance lazy people and low human security in the society. This phenomenon has not only resulted in the waste of labor resources, It has increased the financial burden on the Government and, to a certain extent, deprived those who really need a "minimum living standard" of the treatment and protection they deserve, which has greatly affected social equity and efficiency and further exacerbated social contradictions. Therefore, the problem of welfare dependence brought about by the minimum living security system needs to be solved in time. The emergence of welfare dependency problems reflects some social reality problems and the design defects of our social security system. On the one hand, some people who have the ability to work are unable to get a suitable job and have no economic income, so they have to rely on state relief to support their basic livelihood. On the other hand, because of the lack of supervision and exit mechanisms in the minimum security system, Some people enter the field of "minimum subsistence" assistance through special methods, get more benefits such as medical care, health, education, housing and other related welfare benefits, and occupy minimum insured places. So, we can solve the problem of welfare dependence. We should focus on the minimum living security system itself, eliminate the drawbacks of the design of the minimum living security system, divide the additional benefits of the minimum living security system, strengthen the supervisory function, and safeguard the vital interests of the people who really need to be assisted by the minimum living security system. This study will rely on the relevant theories, such as minimum living security system and welfare dependence, on the basis of previous studies. This paper analyzes the development course of the minimum living security system in China and the performance and causes of welfare dependence. By using the useful data collected in the statistical yearbooks, the paper makes an empirical analysis of the impact of the minimum living security system on employment. To discuss the actual impact of the relevant factors of the minimum living security system on employment, and then combine the experience of foreign countries to solve the problem of welfare dependence, and draw on the favorable information. Finally, Through establishing the linkage mechanism between the minimum living security system and employment, the problem of welfare dependence is solved from various aspects, and the relevant measures and suggestions are put forward.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D632.1

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號(hào)：1510236