本文選題：人口理論 + 生育新政��； 參考：《山西師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：人口問題是我國現(xiàn)階段面臨的主要問題,是促進(jìn)我國經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)發(fā)展的主要因素。自20世紀(jì)70年代以來,在馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論的指導(dǎo)下,我國的人口政策和計(jì)劃生育工作的調(diào)整取得了很大進(jìn)展。本文通過對(duì)馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論與我國計(jì)劃生育新政的研究,一方面總結(jié)了在馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論指導(dǎo)下,我國計(jì)劃生育政策的變遷,同時(shí)分析了在這一理論指導(dǎo)下提出“全面二胎”計(jì)劃生育新政的必要性。另一方面,對(duì)我國計(jì)劃生育新政可能帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行了分析,并提出了規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的方法,要堅(jiān)持可持續(xù)發(fā)展,協(xié)調(diào)好人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)、資源和環(huán)境之間的關(guān)系。本文共分為四個(gè)部分。第一部分為緒論部分,論文采用文獻(xiàn)分析法,主要介紹了論文的現(xiàn)實(shí)和理論意義、國內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)綜述以及涉及到的人口政策和生育政策的概念。第二部分主要描述了馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論及其對(duì)我國計(jì)劃生育政策的指導(dǎo)作用。從哲學(xué)、經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)和人類學(xué)三個(gè)角度對(duì)馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論進(jìn)行闡述,指出人口生產(chǎn)應(yīng)該是全面的生產(chǎn)。同時(shí)總結(jié)了馬克思人口生產(chǎn)以人作為出發(fā)點(diǎn)、以現(xiàn)實(shí)的社會(huì)生產(chǎn)為依據(jù)、以人口生產(chǎn)和物質(zhì)資料生產(chǎn)相統(tǒng)一為特色,最終實(shí)現(xiàn)人的全面發(fā)展。在馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論的指導(dǎo)下,我國經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和人口之間的沖突得到緩和。第三部分則把馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論和我國現(xiàn)行的計(jì)劃生育新政“全面二胎”結(jié)合起來。分析了“全面二胎”政策實(shí)施的依據(jù):人口結(jié)構(gòu)失衡、性別比嚴(yán)重失調(diào)、4-2-1家庭模式的到來;同時(shí),從計(jì)劃生育管理體制、優(yōu)質(zhì)的服務(wù)和配套福利以及法律制度的保障三個(gè)角度提出了應(yīng)對(duì)二胎政策的方法;分析了二胎政策可能會(huì)帶來的價(jià)值:優(yōu)化人口結(jié)構(gòu)、緩解養(yǎng)老壓力、以及刺激連鎖產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展;提出了全面二胎政策在實(shí)施中可能存在的人本關(guān)懷屬性弱、人口數(shù)量大幅度增加、對(duì)資源和環(huán)境造成巨大的壓力等預(yù)期風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。第四部分提出了如何規(guī)避二胎政策帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)以及我國人口政策的最終目標(biāo)。實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展不僅僅是馬克思人口生產(chǎn)理論的最終追求目標(biāo),也是我國人口政策的最終目標(biāo)。生育政策的調(diào)整需要堅(jiān)持最佳容量原則、公平原則與平衡原則,處理好人口、資源、環(huán)境和經(jīng)濟(jì)之間的關(guān)系,實(shí)現(xiàn)人口的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。最后,為了規(guī)避二胎政策可能會(huì)面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),從人文關(guān)懷、人口總量的調(diào)整、人與自然的關(guān)系提出了具體的對(duì)策。
[Abstract]:Population problem is the main problem that our country faces at present, it is the main factor that promotes our country's economic and social development.Since the 1970s, under the guidance of Marx's theory of population production, great progress has been made in the adjustment of population policy and family planning in China.Based on the study of Marx's theory of population production and the new policy of family planning in China, on the one hand, this paper summarizes the changes of family planning policy under the guidance of Marx's theory of population production.At the same time, it analyzes the necessity of the new family planning policy under the guidance of this theory.On the other hand, this paper analyzes the possible risks brought about by the new family planning policy in China, and puts forward the methods to avoid the risks. It is necessary to persist in sustainable development and coordinate the relationship among population, economy, resources and environment.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part is the introduction. The paper mainly introduces the realistic and theoretical significance of the paper, the literature review at home and abroad, and the concepts of population policy and fertility policy.The second part mainly describes Marx's theory of population production and its guiding role in China's family planning policy.This paper expounds Marx's theory of population production from three angles of philosophy, economics and anthropology, and points out that population production should be comprehensive production.At the same time, it summarizes that Marx's population production takes the human as the starting point, takes the realistic social production as the basis, takes the population production and the material material production as the characteristic, finally realizes the human's all-round development.Under the guidance of Marx's theory of population production, the conflict between economic development and population has been alleviated.The third part combines Marx's theory of population production with the new family planning policy.This paper analyzes the basis for the implementation of the "comprehensive two-child" policy: the population structure imbalance, the serious sex ratio imbalance and the arrival of the 4-2-1 family model; at the same time, from the perspective of the family planning management system,This paper puts forward the methods to deal with the two-child policy from the three angles of high-quality service and supporting welfare and the guarantee of the legal system, and analyzes the value that the two-child policy may bring: optimizing the population structure, alleviating the pressure of the aged.It also puts forward the expected risks such as weak humanistic care property, large increase of population and great pressure on resources and environment, which may exist in the implementation of the policy of comprehensive two-child policy, and stimulate the development of chain industry.The fourth part puts forward how to avoid the risk brought by the second child policy and the ultimate goal of our country's population policy.To realize sustainable development is not only the ultimate goal of Marx's theory of population production, but also the ultimate goal of our country's population policy.In order to realize the sustainable development of population, the adjustment of fertility policy needs to adhere to the principle of optimal capacity, the principle of equity and the principle of balance, to deal with the relationship among population, resources, environment and economy.Finally, in order to avoid the risk that the policy of second child may face, this paper puts forward some concrete countermeasures from humanistic concern, the adjustment of total population, and the relationship between man and nature.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：C924.21;A81

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