【摘要】： 濕地被譽(yù)為“地球之腎”,與海洋、森林并稱(chēng)三大生態(tài)系統(tǒng),它對(duì)于蓄水調(diào)洪、調(diào)節(jié)氣候、保持水土、凈化水質(zhì)、保持生物多樣性有著直接影響。建設(shè)濕地公園是對(duì)濕地資源及其生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的一種保護(hù)手段,是人類(lèi)與大自然和諧共處的途徑,有利于促進(jìn)良性生態(tài)環(huán)境的形成。目前濕地公園的法治建設(shè)在我國(guó)法學(xué)界還是一個(gè)嶄新的課題,濕地公園的建設(shè)、保護(hù)和管理在實(shí)踐中還存在諸多問(wèn)題,由此看來(lái)將濕地公園的建設(shè)、保護(hù)和管理納入法治化軌道并使之不斷完善,不僅具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,也應(yīng)是環(huán)境與資源法學(xué)領(lǐng)域重要的研究課題。 本文從濕地公園概念及我國(guó)濕地公園的發(fā)展概況出發(fā),對(duì)我國(guó)現(xiàn)行濕地公園法律體系進(jìn)行介紹并指出我國(guó)濕地公園在立法、管理體制、執(zhí)法方面存在的缺陷,然后通過(guò)借鑒美國(guó)、加拿大、日本及英國(guó)關(guān)于濕地公園法治建設(shè)的先進(jìn)經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出了完善我國(guó)濕地公園法治建設(shè)的具體建議。目前我國(guó)濕地公園法律體系不完善,立法效力層級(jí)低,配套性地方立法甚少,法律責(zé)任缺失等問(wèn)題嚴(yán)重。為了給濕地公園工作的進(jìn)行提供有力的依據(jù),建議貫徹可持續(xù)發(fā)展、環(huán)境優(yōu)先、合理開(kāi)發(fā)等新理念,通過(guò)制定綜合性立法——《濕地公園法》及制定相關(guān)法律法規(guī)從而形成一個(gè)完整、綜合的法律體系。另外,由于現(xiàn)行的管理體制和執(zhí)法不健全,導(dǎo)致濕地公園應(yīng)有的保護(hù)和管理失去了作用。因此,從我國(guó)濕地公園的實(shí)際出發(fā),在管理體制方面,應(yīng)建立濕地公園垂直管理體系,明確各部門(mén)管理職責(zé),明確資金來(lái)源；在執(zhí)法方面,提高執(zhí)法人員專(zhuān)業(yè)水平,完善執(zhí)法程序,加強(qiáng)宣傳教育工作以提高公眾的環(huán)保意識(shí)。
[Abstract]:Wetland is called "the kidney of the earth", and it is called "the kidney of the earth", together with the ocean, the forest and the three major ecosystems. It has direct influence on water storage and flood control, climate regulation, soil and water conservation, purification of water quality and conservation of biodiversity. The construction of wetland park is a means of protecting wetland resources and its ecosystem. It is a way for human beings and nature to coexist harmoniously and promote the formation of benign ecological environment. At present, the construction of the rule of law in wetland parks is still a new topic in the field of law in our country. There are still many problems in the construction, protection and management of wetland parks in practice, so it seems that the construction of wetland parks will be carried out. It is not only of practical significance to bring protection and management into the track of rule by law and make it perfect, but also an important research topic in the field of environment and resource law. Based on the concept of Wetland Park and the development of Wetland Park in China, this paper introduces the current legal system of Wetland Park in China and points out the defects in legislation, management system and law enforcement of Wetland Park in China. Based on the advanced experience of the United States, Canada, Japan and Britain on the construction of wetland park rule of law, the author puts forward some concrete suggestions to perfect the construction of wetland park rule of law in our country. At present, the legal system of wetland parks in our country is not perfect, the level of legislative effect is low, the supporting local legislation is very few, the legal responsibility is lacking and so on. In order to provide a strong basis for the work of the wetland park, it is suggested to implement the new concepts of sustainable development, environmental priority, rational development, etc. A comprehensive and comprehensive legal system is formed by making comprehensive legislation, "Wetland Park Law" and relevant laws and regulations. In addition, the existing management system and law enforcement are not perfect, resulting in wetland park due to the protection and management has lost its role. Therefore, from the actual situation of wetland parks in China, the vertical management system of wetland parks should be established, the management responsibilities of various departments should be clarified, and the sources of funds should be clear. In the aspect of law enforcement, we should improve the professional level of law enforcement officers, perfect the law enforcement procedures, and strengthen publicity and education to enhance public awareness of environmental protection.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北林業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：D922.68

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