【摘要】： 司法民主是人類司法程序的追求目標(biāo)之一。檢察活動(dòng)作為國(guó)家司法活動(dòng)重要的組成部分,需要不斷加強(qiáng)司法民主建設(shè),擴(kuò)大民眾參與程度,在程序上接受監(jiān)督,充分保障社會(huì)公平正義、維護(hù)法律尊嚴(yán)和人民合法權(quán)益。 對(duì)于司法民主概念有很多爭(zhēng)議,至今沒有一個(gè)統(tǒng)一的定義。本文研究司法民主的概念,首先從民主和司法的概念入手,根據(jù)它們之間的關(guān)系,分析司法民主的內(nèi)在含義,進(jìn)而得出較為全面的概念定義。本文對(duì)司法民主概念的表述為:司法民主是司法權(quán)人民性的體現(xiàn),司法機(jī)關(guān)應(yīng)向民眾公開各項(xiàng)職能、公民的權(quán)利和有關(guān)程序規(guī)定,人民群眾按照制度規(guī)定參與司法活動(dòng),從而有效維護(hù)自身權(quán)益,監(jiān)督司法公正,促進(jìn)司法進(jìn)步。 檢察視野下的司法民主是由檢察權(quán)的人民性、司法程序的公開性要求和保障人權(quán)的司法要求所決定的。檢察機(jī)關(guān)在檢察活動(dòng)中,按照司法程序公開原則,以保證人民當(dāng)家作主為目標(biāo),充分保障當(dāng)事人及其他訴訟參與人的訴訟權(quán)利,體現(xiàn)現(xiàn)代司法民主要求,讓民眾享有參與檢察活動(dòng)和有效監(jiān)督檢察活動(dòng)的機(jī)會(huì)和途徑,以推動(dòng)實(shí)現(xiàn)檢察活動(dòng)的公平和正義。檢察視野的司法民主也是在借鑒、結(jié)合和創(chuàng)新的基礎(chǔ)上逐步發(fā)展的,具有中國(guó)的特色,有著科學(xué)、合理的理論基礎(chǔ)支持,主要有人民主權(quán)理論、權(quán)力監(jiān)督理論、權(quán)利保障理論和法治理論等。 近年來(lái),中國(guó)檢察機(jī)關(guān)對(duì)司法民主的實(shí)踐一直進(jìn)行著積極的探索,先后推出了檢務(wù)公開制度和人民監(jiān)督員制度。本文以調(diào)查報(bào)告的形式對(duì)兩項(xiàng)制度的發(fā)展階段、實(shí)踐成效和遇到的困難進(jìn)行了分析,并提出檢察機(jī)關(guān)必須深化司法民主觀念,揭開檢察工作的神秘面紗,使司法民主真正深入人心。 本文提出了深化司法民主觀念、完善檢務(wù)公開和人民監(jiān)督員制度,創(chuàng)新建立檢察聽證制度、輿情民主監(jiān)督制度和引入第三方評(píng)估機(jī)制等司法民主實(shí)踐形式,以期推動(dòng)檢察機(jī)關(guān)司法民主實(shí)踐的進(jìn)一步發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:Judicial democracy is one of the pursuit goals of human judicial procedure. As an important part of national judicial activities, procuratorial activities need to constantly strengthen the construction of judicial democracy, expand the degree of popular participation, accept supervision in procedure, fully safeguard social fairness and justice, and safeguard the legal dignity and the legitimate rights and interests of the people. There is a lot of controversy about the concept of judicial democracy, so far there is no uniform definition. This paper studies the concept of judicial democracy, starting with the concept of democracy and justice, according to the relationship between them, analyzes the inherent meaning of judicial democracy, and then comes to a more comprehensive definition of the concept. This article describes the concept of judicial democracy as follows: judicial democracy is the embodiment of the people's character of judicial power, the judicial organ should open all its functions to the public, the rights of citizens and the relevant procedures, and the masses shall participate in judicial activities in accordance with the regulations of the system. Thus effectively safeguard their own rights and interests, supervise judicial justice, and promote judicial progress. The judicial democracy in the procuratorial field is determined by the people's character of procuratorial power, the openness of judicial procedure and the judicial requirement of protecting human rights. In procuratorial activities, the procuratorial organs, in accordance with the principle of openness of judicial procedures, aim at ensuring that the people are masters of their own affairs, fully protect the litigant rights of the parties and other participants in the proceedings, and embody the requirements of modern judicial democracy. Let the public enjoy the opportunity and the way to participate in and supervise the procuratorial activities effectively, in order to promote the fairness and justice of the procuratorial activities. The judicial democracy of procuratorial vision is also gradually developed on the basis of reference, combination and innovation, with Chinese characteristics, scientific and reasonable theoretical support, mainly the theory of people's sovereignty and the theory of power supervision. The theory of right guarantee and the theory of rule of law. In recent years, China's procuratorial organs have been actively exploring the practice of judicial democracy, and have successively introduced the system of public procuratorial affairs and the system of people's supervisors. In the form of investigation report, this paper analyzes the development stage, practical effect and difficulties of the two systems, and points out that procuratorial organs must deepen the concept of judicial democracy and uncover the mysterious veil of procuratorial work. To make judicial democracy truly popular. This paper proposes to deepen the concept of judicial democracy, perfect the system of procuratorial affairs open and people's supervisors, innovate the establishment of procuratorial hearing system, democratic supervision system of public opinion and the introduction of third-party evaluation mechanism, etc. With a view to promoting further development of judicial democratic practice of procuratorial organs.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)政法大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2010
【分類號(hào)】：D926.3

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