【摘要】：導(dǎo)電納米纖維具有電導(dǎo)率高、柔韌性好、長徑比大等優(yōu)點,近年來受到了國內(nèi)外研究學(xué)者的廣泛關(guān)注。在眾多制備導(dǎo)電納米纖維的方法中,靜電紡絲技術(shù)是最簡單和最常用的方法之一。目前,采用靜電紡絲技術(shù)制備的聚合物基導(dǎo)電納米纖維的導(dǎo)電性和穩(wěn)定性均較差,制備的銅基導(dǎo)電納米纖維非常容易氧化且制備過程復(fù)雜,這些缺點嚴(yán)重限制了它們的應(yīng)用。本文利用無顆粒型有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨可以在中低溫下還原成單質(zhì)銀的特點,結(jié)合靜電紡絲技術(shù),制備了具有良好導(dǎo)電性和穩(wěn)定性的銀基復(fù)合納米纖維。本文制備了無顆粒型有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨,并研究了不同銀鹽、胺類配體、還原劑種類對有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨導(dǎo)電性及穩(wěn)定性的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),采用硝酸銀、異丙胺、乙二醇制備的有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨的導(dǎo)電性和穩(wěn)定性最佳。該導(dǎo)電油墨在150℃處理60 min后銀納米顆粒間空隙較少并且緊密燒結(jié),方阻為0.8Ω/sq;該導(dǎo)電油墨具有較好的穩(wěn)定性,可長期儲存。進(jìn)而用靜電紡絲技術(shù)將制備的無顆粒型有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨進(jìn)行紡絲,制得了銀基導(dǎo)電納米纖維,并研究了PVP和PEO聚合物配比及含量、有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨含量、環(huán)境濕度、煅燒溫度對紡絲纖維的形貌及導(dǎo)電性的影響。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),當(dāng)紡絲溶液組分為8 wt%PVP、4 wt%PEO及含0.5 g硝酸銀的有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨時,紡絲纖維形貌和導(dǎo)電性能最佳。當(dāng)紡絲溶液中有機銀導(dǎo)電油墨含量較高時,紡絲出現(xiàn)嚴(yán)重的噴珠現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)環(huán)境濕度較低時,紡絲纖維表面較為光滑,當(dāng)環(huán)境濕度達(dá)到65%左右時,纖維表面開始出現(xiàn)孔洞并且纖維之間開始粘結(jié)。本文進(jìn)一步研究了銀基導(dǎo)電納米纖維在PI和PET基底上的附著行為,制備出兩種類型的導(dǎo)電薄膜,并研究了導(dǎo)電薄膜的耐溫性、彎折性及附著性等性能。采用PI基底直接接收紡絲纖維制備導(dǎo)電薄膜,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)270℃煅燒60 min后導(dǎo)電薄膜的方阻為70Ω/sq;該導(dǎo)電薄膜中的銀基導(dǎo)電納米纖維部分嵌入PI基底中,銀基導(dǎo)電納米纖維中銀納米顆粒間緊密堆積但只有部分燒結(jié),纖維直徑較粗;該導(dǎo)電薄膜具有較高的耐溫性、良好的彎折性和附著性。制備了自支撐銀基導(dǎo)電納米纖維,并將其附著在PET基底制備導(dǎo)電薄膜,研究發(fā)現(xiàn),紡絲纖維經(jīng)300℃煅燒60 min后,銀基導(dǎo)電納米纖維上銀納米顆粒緊密燒結(jié),纖維直徑較細(xì);制備的導(dǎo)電薄膜的方阻為36Ω/sq,同時具有優(yōu)異的彎折性和附著性。
[Abstract]:Conductive nanofibers have many advantages, such as high conductivity, good flexibility, high aspect ratio and so on, which have attracted extensive attention of researchers at home and abroad in recent years. Among the many methods of preparing conductive nanofibers, electrostatic spinning is one of the simplest and most commonly used methods. At present, the conductivity and stability of polymer-based conductive nanofibers prepared by electrospinning technology are poor, and the preparation of copper-based conductive nanofibers is very easy to oxidize and the preparation process is complex. These shortcomings seriously limit their application. In this paper, silver based composite nanofibers with good electrical conductivity and stability were prepared by using the characteristics that non-granular organic silver conductive ink could be reduced to simple silver at medium and low temperature, combined with electrostatic spinning technology. In this paper, no granular organic silver conductive ink was prepared, and the effects of different silver salts, amine ligands and reductants on the conductivity and stability of organic silver conductive ink were studied. It was found that the conductive ink prepared by silver nitrate, isopropylamine and ethylene glycol had the best conductivity and stability. After 60 min treatment at 150 鈩，

本文編號：2278393